Solidification/Stabilization Method of Mine Tailings for Hardpan Formation in the Engineered Cover System

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2010 Vol.47, Issue 4 Preview Page Next Page

Solidification/Stabilization Method of Mine Tailings for Hardpan Formation in the Engineered Cover System 공학적 고화층 형성 복토시스템을 위한 광미 고형화/안정화 기법: 안주성, 이필원, 김재곤
Joo Sung Ahn, Pil-Won Lee and Jae-Gon Kim

31 August 2010. pp. 496-504

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Abstract

A solidification/stabilization method of tailings for hardpan formation is suggested as one of disposal strategies of mine wastes. Engineered hardpans constructed as one of the layers in cover systems for mine tailings can diminish the thickness of cover soils, and reduce acid generation and sulfide oxidation. Hydrated lime and waterglass were used to produce calcium silicates which can serve as a binder. Compressive strength of each solidified/stabilized material was greater than the recommended value for landfill by ASTM, and amounts of heavy metals were significantly reduced in the chemical leaching tests. Different characteristics of tailings, such as particle size distribution and weathered state, may affect the early mechanical strength, but after long curing periods these effects were compensated. Heavy metals were stabilized as carbonate-bound phases and sulfide minerals were surrounded by calcium silicate gels to prevent further leaching. Field application of the method for hardpan formation at tailings reclamation works may be possible.

Keywords

Solidification/Stabilization

Hardpan

Tailings

Cover system

본 연구에서는 광미 차단매립 처리의 일환으로 광미층 상단에 산성 침출수 발생억제와 황화광물 산화방지의 효과를 나타낼 수 있는 공학적인 고화층을 형성하여 환경오염 문제를 해결하고 상부 복토층의 두께를 감소시킬 수 있는 방안을 제시한다. 이를 위해 광미 고형화/안정화 기법으로서 소석회 및 물유리를 이용한 고화체를 제작하고 그 특성을 평가하였다. 소석회와 물유리는 칼슘실리케이트 겔 형태 또는 침전물을 형성하여 바인더 역할을 수행하고 매립권고기준 이상의 압축강도와 중금속 용출을 감소하여 그 목적을 달성할 수 있었다. 광미의 입도 및 풍화산물 유무에 따른 특성차이도 양생기간이 길어짐에 따라 상쇄되었다. 중금속원소들은 주로 탄산염결합 형태로 전환되어 안정화되었으며 황화광물 입자들도 칼슘실리케이트 겔로 포획되어 더 이상의 화학적 반응에 영향을 받지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 고화층 설치를 위한 소석회와 물유리만을 이용한 고형화/안정화 기법은 보다 단순한 재료와 시공법으로서 폐광산 복구사업 현장에 직접적으로 활용 가능할 것으로 본다.

키워드

고형화/안정화

고화층

광미

복토기법

References

광업진흥공사, 2006, 폐금속광산 표준복원 모델 개발, 환경부, p. 145.
이우근, 손세구, 홍승엽, 이지현, 박은주, 김영도, 2008, “소각재를 이용한 무기결합제이 제조 및 특성,”한국폐기물학회지, 25권, pp. 9-14.
이종규, 김수룡, 김병익, 권우택, 조정호, 추용식, 2006, 플라이애쉬를 사용한 비소성 무기결합재 제조기술 개발, 요업기술원 보고서 GOVP1200708108, p. 57.
이현철, 민경원, 김태풍, 2009, “소석회를 이용한 금속광산 폐광미의 고형화처리 연구,”한국지구시스템공학회지, 46권, pp. 252-262.
전지혜, 김인수, 이민희, 장윤영, 2006, “금속 광미 처리를 위한 포틀랜드 시멘트와 MSG(micro silica grouting) 시멘트 고형화 실증 실험 연구,”자원환경지질, 39권, pp. 699-710.
최연왕, 정문영, 1998, “중석광 폐광미를 활용한 콘크리트의 특성에 관한 연구,”한국자원공학회지, 35권, pp. 90-95.
Badreddine, R., Humez, A.N., Mingelgrin, U., Benchara, A., Muducin, F., and Prost, R., 2004, “etention of trace metals by solidified/stabilized wastes: assessment of longterm metal release,”Environ. Sci. Technol., Vol. 38, pp. 1383-1398.
Blowes, D.W., Reardon, E.J., Jambor, J.L., and Cherry, J.A., 1991, “he formation and potential importance of cemented layers in active sulfide mine tailings,”Geochim. Cosmo. Acta, Vol. 55, pp. 965-978.
Camacho, J., Wee, H.Y., Kramer, T.A., and Autenrieth, R., 2009, “rsenic stabilization on water treatment residuals by calcium addition,”Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 165, pp. 599-603.
Catalan, L.J.J., Buset, K.C., and Yin, G., 2002, “eactivity of oxidized sulfidic mine tailings during lime treatment,” Environ. Sci. Technol., Vol. 36, pp. 2766-2771.
Davis, A., Eary, L.E., and Helgen, S., “ssessing the efficacy of lime amendment to geochemically stabilize mine tailings,”Environ. Sci. Technol., Vol. 33, pp. 2626-2632.
Komnitsas, K., and Zaharaki, D., 2007, Geopolymerization: “ review and prospects for the minerals industry,”Minerals Engineering, Vol. 20, pp. 1261-1277.
LaGrega, M.D., Buckingham., P.L. and Evans, J.C., 1994, Hazardous Waste Management, McGraw-Fill Inc., New York.
Li, X.D., Poon, C.S., Sun, H., Lo, I.M.C., and Kirk, D.W., 2001, “eavy metal speciation and leaching behaviors in cement based solidified/stabilized waste materials,”J. Hazard. Mater., Vol. A82, pp. 215-230.
McGregor, R.G., and Blowes, D.W., 2002, “he physical, chemical and mineralogical properties of three cemented layers within sulfide-bearing mine tailings,”J. Geochem. Explor., Vol. 76, pp. 195-207.
McGreor, R.G., Stegemann, J.A., and van der Sloot, H.A., 1997, “reliminary results of a field study of a self-sealing/self-healing cover system,”Fourth International Conference on ARD, Vancouver, Vol. 4. CANMET, Ottawa, Canada, pp. 1435-1450.
Nehdi, M. and Tariq, A., 2007, “tabilization of sulfidic mine tailings for prevention of metal release and acid drainage using cementitious materials: a review,”J. Environ. Eng. Sci., Vol. 6, pp. 423-436.
Pacheco-Torgal, F., Castro-Gomes, J., and Jalali, S., 2008, “lkali-activated binders: A review Part 1 Historical background, terminology, reaction mechanisms and hydration products,”Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 22, pp. 1305-1314.
Pacheco-Torgal, F., Castro-Gomes, J., and Jalali, S., 2009, “ungsten mine waste geopolymeric binder: Preliminary hydration products investigation,”Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 23, pp. 200-209.
Ritcey, G.M., 1989, Tailings management : Elsevier, Amsterdam, p. 970.
Schippers, A., Jozsa, P.G., Sand, W., 1998, “valuation of the efficiency of measures for sulphidic mine waste mitigation,” Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., Vol. 49, pp. 698-701.
Tessier, A., Campbell, P.G.C., and Bison, M., 1979, “equential extraction procedure for the speciation of particulate trace metals,”Anal. Chem., Vol. 51, pp. 844-851.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering
Journal Title(Ko) :한국지구시스템공학회지
Volume : 47
No :4
Pages :496-504

[1] 광업진흥공사, 2006, 폐금속광산 표준복원 모델 개발, 환경부, p. 145.

[2] 이우근, 손세구, 홍승엽, 이지현, 박은주, 김영도, 2008, “소각재를 이용한 무기결합제이 제조 및 특성,”한국폐기물학회지, 25권, pp. 9-14.

[3] 이종규, 김수룡, 김병익, 권우택, 조정호, 추용식, 2006, 플라이애쉬를 사용한 비소성 무기결합재 제조기술 개발, 요업기술원 보고서 GOVP1200708108, p. 57.

[4] 이현철, 민경원, 김태풍, 2009, “소석회를 이용한 금속광산 폐광미의 고형화처리 연구,”한국지구시스템공학회지, 46권, pp. 252-262.

[5] 전지혜, 김인수, 이민희, 장윤영, 2006, “금속 광미 처리를 위한 포틀랜드 시멘트와 MSG(micro silica grouting) 시멘트 고형화 실증 실험 연구,”자원환경지질, 39권, pp. 699-710.

[6] 최연왕, 정문영, 1998, “중석광 폐광미를 활용한 콘크리트의 특성에 관한 연구,”한국자원공학회지, 35권, pp. 90-95.

[7] Badreddine, R., Humez, A.N., Mingelgrin, U., Benchara, A., Muducin, F., and Prost, R., 2004, “etention of trace metals by solidified/stabilized wastes: assessment of longterm metal release,”Environ. Sci. Technol., Vol. 38, pp. 1383-1398.

[8] Blowes, D.W., Reardon, E.J., Jambor, J.L., and Cherry, J.A., 1991, “he formation and potential importance of cemented layers in active sulfide mine tailings,”Geochim. Cosmo. Acta, Vol. 55, pp. 965-978.

[9] Camacho, J., Wee, H.Y., Kramer, T.A., and Autenrieth, R., 2009, “rsenic stabilization on water treatment residuals by calcium addition,”Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 165, pp. 599-603.

[10] Catalan, L.J.J., Buset, K.C., and Yin, G., 2002, “eactivity of oxidized sulfidic mine tailings during lime treatment,” Environ. Sci. Technol., Vol. 36, pp. 2766-2771.

[11] Davis, A., Eary, L.E., and Helgen, S., “ssessing the efficacy of lime amendment to geochemically stabilize mine tailings,”Environ. Sci. Technol., Vol. 33, pp. 2626-2632.

[12] Komnitsas, K., and Zaharaki, D., 2007, Geopolymerization: “ review and prospects for the minerals industry,”Minerals Engineering, Vol. 20, pp. 1261-1277.

[13] LaGrega, M.D., Buckingham., P.L. and Evans, J.C., 1994, Hazardous Waste Management, McGraw-Fill Inc., New York.

[14] Li, X.D., Poon, C.S., Sun, H., Lo, I.M.C., and Kirk, D.W., 2001, “eavy metal speciation and leaching behaviors in cement based solidified/stabilized waste materials,”J. Hazard. Mater., Vol. A82, pp. 215-230.

[15] McGregor, R.G., and Blowes, D.W., 2002, “he physical, chemical and mineralogical properties of three cemented layers within sulfide-bearing mine tailings,”J. Geochem. Explor., Vol. 76, pp. 195-207.

[16] McGreor, R.G., Stegemann, J.A., and van der Sloot, H.A., 1997, “reliminary results of a field study of a self-sealing/self-healing cover system,”Fourth International Conference on ARD, Vancouver, Vol. 4. CANMET, Ottawa, Canada, pp. 1435-1450.

[17] Nehdi, M. and Tariq, A., 2007, “tabilization of sulfidic mine tailings for prevention of metal release and acid drainage using cementitious materials: a review,”J. Environ. Eng. Sci., Vol. 6, pp. 423-436.

[18] Pacheco-Torgal, F., Castro-Gomes, J., and Jalali, S., 2008, “lkali-activated binders: A review Part 1 Historical background, terminology, reaction mechanisms and hydration products,”Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 22, pp. 1305-1314.

[19] Pacheco-Torgal, F., Castro-Gomes, J., and Jalali, S., 2009, “ungsten mine waste geopolymeric binder: Preliminary hydration products investigation,”Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 23, pp. 200-209.

[20] Ritcey, G.M., 1989, Tailings management : Elsevier, Amsterdam, p. 970.

[21] Schippers, A., Jozsa, P.G., Sand, W., 1998, “valuation of the efficiency of measures for sulphidic mine waste mitigation,” Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., Vol. 49, pp. 698-701.

[22] Tessier, A., Campbell, P.G.C., and Bison, M., 1979, “equential extraction procedure for the speciation of particulate trace metals,”Anal. Chem., Vol. 51, pp. 844-851.

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