Characteristic of Chloride in Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (MSWI) Bottom Ash Via Washing Process

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2007 Vol.44, Issue 2 Preview Page Next Page

Characteristic of Chloride in Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (MSWI) Bottom Ash Via Washing Process 생활폐기물 소각 바닥재의 수세에 따른 염화물 특성: 조영도, 엄남일, 한기천, 안지환, 이경훈, 반봉찬
Young-Do Jo, Nam-Il Um, Gi-Chun Han, Ji-Whan Ahn, Kyung-Hoon Lee and Bong-Chan Ban

30 April 2007. pp. 127-134

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Abstract

Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash generated during incineration of municipal solid waste in metropolitan area consists of ceramics, glasses, combustible materials and food waste and so on. The plastic product such as PVC, leather, clothes and food waste in bottom ash includes harmful chloride. The bottom ash has limited the its use as road material and cement concrete, because the chloride in MSWI bottom ash incinerated by incinerator is soluble in water. Therefore, in this study, the characteristics of chloride in bottom ash was investigated, though the distribution of chloride from based on particle size, characteristic of Friedel’s salt in bottom ash and behavior of chloride via washing process. As a result, the soluble chloride like KCl and NaCl in bottom ash that is possible to be removed by washing process accounted for about 80%, the Friedel’s salt (insoluble) about 20%. The content of chloride was increased with the smaller particle size, especially Friedel’s salt too. Thus, The leaching concentration per content of chloride was decreased with the smaller particle size.

Keywords

Bottom ash

Chloride

Washing process

Friedel’s salt

도심지에서 발생하는 생활 폐기물은 자기류나 유리류 그리고 가연성물질과 그 밖의 음식물 쓰레기들로 혼재해 있다. 가연성 물질에 섞여 있는 PVC 제품과 같은 플라스틱 제품, 가죽, 옷, 수거되지 않은 음식물 쓰레기 등은 생활 폐기물 안에 많은 양의 염화물을 함유시킨다. 소각장에서 생활 폐기물을 소각시킬 경우 염화물은 소각재에 남아있으며 염화물의 대부분은 물에 의해 쉽게 녹는 가용성 물질이기 때문에 소각 바닥재를 매립하여 처리하거나 도로포장재 혹은 골재 등으로 재활용 할 경우 많은 문제점을 일으킬 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 국내에서 발생되는 생활 폐기물 소각 바닥재를 이용하여 각 입도별 염화물의 분포와 존재 형태 그리고 수세를 통한 염화물의 거동 등의 연구를 통해 바닥재에 함유된 염화물의 특성을 파악하였다. 그 결과 바닥재에 함유된 염화물은 80%의 가용성 염화물과 20%의 불용성 염화물로 존재하였으며, 염화물의 함유량을 입도별로 확인 해본 결과 입도가 작을 수 록 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 가용성 염화물의 경우 대부분 NaCl과 KCl의 형태로 존재하였으며, 불용성 염화물의 경우 Friedel 염의 형태로 존재하였다. 특히 입도가 작을 수 록 Friedel 염의 함유량은 높게 나타났으며 이는 입도가 작을 수 록 Cl의 용출율(Cl용출량/Cl함유량)이 작아지는 이유이다.

키워드

바닥재

염화물

수세 처리

Friedel 염

References

Alessandra P. and Raffaella P., 2004, “The leaching behavior of incinerator bottom ash as affected by accelerated ageing,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 113, pp. 209-215.
Birnin-Yauri U.A. and Glasser F.P., 1998, “Friedel’s salt, Ca2Al(OH)6(Cl,OH)･2H2O: its solid solutions and their role in chloride binding,” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 28, pp. 1713-1723.
Chimenos J.M., Fernandez A.I., Miralles L., Segarra M., and Espiell F., 2003, “Short-term natural weathering of MSWI bottom ash as a function of particle size,” Waste Management, Vol. 23, pp. 887-895.
Friedel P.M., 1897, “Sur un chloro-aluminate de calcium hydrate se maclant par compression,” Bull Soc Franc Mineral, Vol. 19, pp. 122-136.
Glasser F.P., Kindness A., and Stronach S.A., 1999, “Stability and solubility relationships in AFm phases Part I. Chloride, sulfate and hydroxide,” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 29, pp. 861-866.
Hjelmar O., 1996, J. Harzard. Mater., Vol. 47, pp. 345-368.
Kirby C.S. and Rimstidt J.D., 1993, Environ. Sci. Technol., Vol. 27, pp. 1040-1047.
Meima Jeannet A., van der Weijden Renata D., Eighmy T. Taylor, and Comans Rob N.J., 2002, “Carbonation processes in municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash and their effect on the leaching of copper and molybdenum,” Applied Geochemistry, Vol. 17, pp. 1503-1513.
Nilsson K., 1996, in: Proc. ISWA Int. Congr. Exhib., Vol. 2, pp. 272-283.
Nilsson K., 1997, Residuos, Vol. 35, pp. 32-37.
Renaudin G., Kubel F., Rivera J.P., and Francois M., 1999, “Structural phase transition and high temperature phase structure of Friedels salt, 3CaO･Al2O3･CaCl2･10H2O,” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 29, pp. 1937-1942.
Van Gerven T., Van Keer E., Arickx S., Jaspers M., Wauters G., and Vandecasteele C., 2004, “Carbonation of MSWI-bottom ash to decreast heavy metal leaching, in view of recycling,” Waste Management.
Vehlow J., 1996, UTA Int., Vol. 2, pp. 144-160.
Wiles C., 1996, J. Hazard. Mater., Vol. 47, pp. 325-344.
Zareen A., Azadeh P.M. and Britt M.S., 2003, “Release of salts from municipal solid waste combustion residues,” Waste Management, Vol. 23, pp. 291-305.
2002, “State of the art of ash and construction waste recycling in Europe and plan for cooperation,” Kist Europe.
2005, “The national waste generation and the present state of treatment 2004,” Ministry of Environment in Korea.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering
Journal Title(Ko) :한국지구시스템공학회지
Volume : 44
No :2
Pages :127-134

[1] Alessandra P. and Raffaella P., 2004, “The leaching behavior of incinerator bottom ash as affected by accelerated ageing,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 113, pp. 209-215.

[2] Birnin-Yauri U.A. and Glasser F.P., 1998, “Friedel’s salt, Ca2Al(OH)6(Cl,OH)･2H2O: its solid solutions and their role in chloride binding,” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 28, pp. 1713-1723.

[3] Chimenos J.M., Fernandez A.I., Miralles L., Segarra M., and Espiell F., 2003, “Short-term natural weathering of MSWI bottom ash as a function of particle size,” Waste Management, Vol. 23, pp. 887-895.

[4] Friedel P.M., 1897, “Sur un chloro-aluminate de calcium hydrate se maclant par compression,” Bull Soc Franc Mineral, Vol. 19, pp. 122-136.

[5] Glasser F.P., Kindness A., and Stronach S.A., 1999, “Stability and solubility relationships in AFm phases Part I. Chloride, sulfate and hydroxide,” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 29, pp. 861-866.

[6] Hjelmar O., 1996, J. Harzard. Mater., Vol. 47, pp. 345-368.

[7] Kirby C.S. and Rimstidt J.D., 1993, Environ. Sci. Technol., Vol. 27, pp. 1040-1047.

[8] Meima Jeannet A., van der Weijden Renata D., Eighmy T. Taylor, and Comans Rob N.J., 2002, “Carbonation processes in municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash and their effect on the leaching of copper and molybdenum,” Applied Geochemistry, Vol. 17, pp. 1503-1513.

[9] Nilsson K., 1996, in: Proc. ISWA Int. Congr. Exhib., Vol. 2, pp. 272-283.

[10] Nilsson K., 1997, Residuos, Vol. 35, pp. 32-37.

[11] Renaudin G., Kubel F., Rivera J.P., and Francois M., 1999, “Structural phase transition and high temperature phase structure of Friedels salt, 3CaO･Al2O3･CaCl2･10H2O,” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 29, pp. 1937-1942.

[12] Van Gerven T., Van Keer E., Arickx S., Jaspers M., Wauters G., and Vandecasteele C., 2004, “Carbonation of MSWI-bottom ash to decreast heavy metal leaching, in view of recycling,” Waste Management.

[13] Vehlow J., 1996, UTA Int., Vol. 2, pp. 144-160.

[14] Wiles C., 1996, J. Hazard. Mater., Vol. 47, pp. 325-344.

[15] Zareen A., Azadeh P.M. and Britt M.S., 2003, “Release of salts from municipal solid waste combustion residues,” Waste Management, Vol. 23, pp. 291-305.

[16] 2002, “State of the art of ash and construction waste recycling in Europe and plan for cooperation,” Kist Europe.

[17] 2005, “The national waste generation and the present state of treatment 2004,” Ministry of Environment in Korea.

Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers ISSN:2288-0291(Print) 2288-2790(Online) 한국자원공학회지

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