A Study on Characteristics of Seismic Attenuation by Using
Spectral Ratio Method

doi:10.12972/ksmer.2014.51.5.687

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2014 Vol.51, Issue 5 Preview Page Next Page

Research Paper

A Study on Characteristics of Seismic Attenuation by Using Spectral Ratio Method Spectral ratio 법을 이용한 탄성파 감쇠 특성 연구: 이진우 · 하지호 · 고휘경 · 정우근 · 신성렬
Jin-woo Lee, Ji-ho Ha, Hwi-Kyung Ko, Woo-Keen Chung and Sung-ryul Shin

31 October 2014. pp. 687-695

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Abstract

To enhance seismic images, seismic attenuation needs to be considered. There are various kinds of methods to analyze seismic attenuation. In this study, the quality factor, Q, which has an inverse relationship with seismic attenuation, was analyzed by the spectral ratio method. The method was first verified via physical modeling and numerical modeling. In other words, Q values of acrylic extracted in the physical modeling was verified through the numerical modeling. For the analysis, we assumed normal-incidence seismic reflection survey, and investigated seismic attenuation of seismic reflections occurring at the interfaces. The spectral ratio method was applied to real field data acquired near Geo-je Island, and reliable Q factors were inferred from the attenuation of seismic reflections.

Keywords

Seismic attenuation

Spectral ratio method

Physical modeling

Numerical modeling

Field data

현재 탄성파 자료의 정확한 영상화를 위한 자료 분석의 기법 중, 탄성파 감쇠의 영향에 대한 다양한 연구들이 수행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 실내시험분석방법으로 제안된 spectral ratio 법(Toksoz, 1979)를 이용하여 탄성파 감쇠와 반비례 관계를 가지는 quality factor(Q인자)를 분석하였다. 축소모형실험, 수치모형실험을 통해 Q값을 도출하고, 같은 방식을 현장자료에 적용하여 Q값을 추정하였다. 축소모형실험에서 아크릴의 Q값을 도출하여 Q값 산출의 정확성을 검증하였으며, 수치모형실험을 통해 반사법, 수직입사 탐사법을 이용한 자료취득 시 지층 경계에서 발생하는 탄성파 감쇠영향을 분석하여 Q값을 도출하였다. 최종적으로 거제도 인근 해역에서 취득한 탄성파 반사법 현장자료에 적용하여 각 층의 반사면에 따른 감쇠정도에 대한 Q값을 추정하였다.

키워드

탄성파 감쇠

Spectral ratio 법

축소모형실험

수치모형실험

현장자료

References

Alessio, G., Roger, A.C., Tavi, M., Adam, D.B., Bernd, K. and Brain, B., 2010, “Instrument and methods seismic wave attenuation in the uppermost glacier ice of Storglaciären,” Jounal of Glaciology, Vol. 56, No. 196, pp. 249-256.
Byun, J.M., Yoo, D.G. and Lee, H.Y., 2011, “Estimation of Q from Zero-offset VSP data in gas hydrate-bearing zone,” Geosystem Engineering, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 59-67.
Dasgupta, R. and Clark, R.A., 1998, “Estimation of Q from surface seismic reflection data,” Geophysics, Vol. 63, No. 6, pp. 2120-2128.
Galdwin, M.T. and Stacey, F.D., 1974, “Anelastic degradation of acoustic pulses in rocks,” Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp. 17-22.
Hyndman, R.D. and Spencer, G.D., 1992, “A seismic study of methane hydrate marine bottom simulating reflectors,” Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 97, No. B5, pp. 6683-6698.
John, M.R., 1997, An introduction to applied and environment geophysics, John Wiley and Sons Ltd. : Hoboken, NJ, USA, pp. 234-237.
Kim, S.R., Lee, Y.K., Suk, B.C. and Shin, D.H., 1991, “Sound velocity and attenuation coefficient in the core sediment of deep-sea basin, East sea of Korea,” Journal of Oceanological Society of Korea, Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 59-66.
Kinsler, L.E., Frey, A.R., Coppens, A.B. and Sanders, J.V., 2000, Fundamentals of Acoustics 4th Ed., John wiley and Sons, Hoboken, NJ, USA, p. 480.
Ko, H.K., 2013, “Seismic Attribute Analysis and Interpretation with Single Channel Seismic Data of Shallow Marine,” MS Thesis, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Pusan.
Lee, K.H. and Matsushima, J., 2009, “Estimating attenuation in methane hydrate bearing sediments from surface seismic data,” Journal of korean society of earth and exploration geophysicists, Jeonbuk National Univ., Jeonju-si, Jeollabok-do, Dec. 21-22, pp. 28-33.
Matsushima, J., 2005, “Attenuation measurements from sonic waveform logs in methane hydrate-bearing sediments at the Nankai Trough exploratory well off Tokai, central Japan,” Geophysical Research Letters, http://agupubs.onlinelibrary. wiley. com/agu/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)1944-8007/
Matsushima, J., 2006, “Seismic wave attenuation in methane hydrate-bearing sediments : VSP data from the Nankai Trough exploratory well off Tokai, central Japan,” Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, http://agupubs. onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/jgr/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)2169-9356/
Peselnick, L. and Zietiz, I., 1959, “Internal friction of fine- grained limestones at ultrasonic frequencies,” Geophysics, Vol. 62, No. 2, pp. 1163-1167.
Purnell, G.W., 1986, “Observations of wave velocity and attenuation in two-phase media,” Geophysics, Vol. 51, No. 12, pp. 2193-2199.
Sears, F.M. and Bonner, B.P., 1981, “Ultrasonic attenuation measurements by spectral ratios utilizing signal processing techniques,” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. GE-19, No. 2, pp. 95-99.
Shin, S.R., Shin, C.S., Jang, W.I. and Lim, J.S., 2001, “Development of 3-D seismic physical modeling system,” Journal of the korean society of mineral and energy resources engineers, Vol. 38, No. 6, pp. 424-431.
Shin, S.R., Yeo, E.M., Kim, C.S., Park, K.P., Lee, H.Y. and Kim, Y.J., 2006, “Geophysical characteristics of Gas hydrate using 3-D seismic physical modeling experiment,” Journal of korean society for geosystem engineering, Vol. 43, pp. 181-193.
Shipley, T.H., Houston, M.H., Buffler, R.T., Shaub, F.J., McMillen, K.J., Ladd, J.W. and Worzel, J.L., 1979, “Seismic evidence for widespread possible gas hydrate horizons on continental slopes and rises,” American Association Petroleum Geologists Bulletin. Vol. 63, No. 12, pp. 2204- 2213.
Suh, M.C. and Shon, H.W., 1996, “A study on attenuation of ground vibration using hammer generated seismic wave,” Journal of Engineering Geology, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 95-102.
Tarif, P. and Bourbie, T., 1987, “Experimental comparison between spectral ratio and rise time techniques for the measurements of attenuation,” Geophysics, Vol. 41, No. 6, pp. 668-680.
Toksöz, M.N., Johnston, D.H. and Timur, A., 1979, “Attenuation of seismic waves in dry and saturated rocks:Ⅰ. Laboratory measurements,” Geophysics, Vol. 44, No. 4, pp. 681-690.
Toksöz, M.N. and Johnston, D.H., 1981, Seismic wave attenuation, ed., Geophysics Reprint Series No. 2, Society of Exploration Geophysicists : Tulsa. pp. 123-135.
Gusmeroli, A., Murray, T., Jansson, P., Pettersson, R., Aschwanden, A. and Booth, A.D., 2010, “ertical distribution of water within the polythermal Storglaciäen, Sweden,” Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 115, F04002.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Journal Title(Ko) :한국자원공학회지
Volume : 51
No :5
Pages :687-695
DOI :https://doi.org/10.12972/ksmer.2014.51.5.687

[1] Alessio, G., Roger, A.C., Tavi, M., Adam, D.B., Bernd, K. and Brain, B., 2010, “Instrument and methods seismic wave attenuation in the uppermost glacier ice of Storglaciären,” Jounal of Glaciology, Vol. 56, No. 196, pp. 249-256.

[2] Byun, J.M., Yoo, D.G. and Lee, H.Y., 2011, “Estimation of Q from Zero-offset VSP data in gas hydrate-bearing zone,” Geosystem Engineering, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 59-67.

[3] Dasgupta, R. and Clark, R.A., 1998, “Estimation of Q from surface seismic reflection data,” Geophysics, Vol. 63, No. 6, pp. 2120-2128.

[4] Galdwin, M.T. and Stacey, F.D., 1974, “Anelastic degradation of acoustic pulses in rocks,” Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp. 17-22.

[5] Hyndman, R.D. and Spencer, G.D., 1992, “A seismic study of methane hydrate marine bottom simulating reflectors,” Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 97, No. B5, pp. 6683-6698.

[6] John, M.R., 1997, An introduction to applied and environment geophysics, John Wiley and Sons Ltd. : Hoboken, NJ, USA, pp. 234-237.

[7] Kim, S.R., Lee, Y.K., Suk, B.C. and Shin, D.H., 1991, “Sound velocity and attenuation coefficient in the core sediment of deep-sea basin, East sea of Korea,” Journal of Oceanological Society of Korea, Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 59-66.

[8] Kinsler, L.E., Frey, A.R., Coppens, A.B. and Sanders, J.V., 2000, Fundamentals of Acoustics 4th Ed., John wiley and Sons, Hoboken, NJ, USA, p. 480.

[9] Ko, H.K., 2013, “Seismic Attribute Analysis and Interpretation with Single Channel Seismic Data of Shallow Marine,” MS Thesis, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Pusan.

[10] Lee, K.H. and Matsushima, J., 2009, “Estimating attenuation in methane hydrate bearing sediments from surface seismic data,” Journal of korean society of earth and exploration geophysicists, Jeonbuk National Univ., Jeonju-si, Jeollabok-do, Dec. 21-22, pp. 28-33.

[11] Matsushima, J., 2005, “Attenuation measurements from sonic waveform logs in methane hydrate-bearing sediments at the Nankai Trough exploratory well off Tokai, central Japan,” Geophysical Research Letters, http://agupubs.onlinelibrary. wiley. com/agu/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)1944-8007/

[12] Matsushima, J., 2006, “Seismic wave attenuation in methane hydrate-bearing sediments : VSP data from the Nankai Trough exploratory well off Tokai, central Japan,” Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, http://agupubs. onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/jgr/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)2169-9356/

[13] Peselnick, L. and Zietiz, I., 1959, “Internal friction of fine- grained limestones at ultrasonic frequencies,” Geophysics, Vol. 62, No. 2, pp. 1163-1167.

[14] Purnell, G.W., 1986, “Observations of wave velocity and attenuation in two-phase media,” Geophysics, Vol. 51, No. 12, pp. 2193-2199.

[15] Sears, F.M. and Bonner, B.P., 1981, “Ultrasonic attenuation measurements by spectral ratios utilizing signal processing techniques,” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. GE-19, No. 2, pp. 95-99.

[16] Shin, S.R., Shin, C.S., Jang, W.I. and Lim, J.S., 2001, “Development of 3-D seismic physical modeling system,” Journal of the korean society of mineral and energy resources engineers, Vol. 38, No. 6, pp. 424-431.

[17] Shin, S.R., Yeo, E.M., Kim, C.S., Park, K.P., Lee, H.Y. and Kim, Y.J., 2006, “Geophysical characteristics of Gas hydrate using 3-D seismic physical modeling experiment,” Journal of korean society for geosystem engineering, Vol. 43, pp. 181-193.

[18] Shipley, T.H., Houston, M.H., Buffler, R.T., Shaub, F.J., McMillen, K.J., Ladd, J.W. and Worzel, J.L., 1979, “Seismic evidence for widespread possible gas hydrate horizons on continental slopes and rises,” American Association Petroleum Geologists Bulletin. Vol. 63, No. 12, pp. 2204- 2213.

[19] Suh, M.C. and Shon, H.W., 1996, “A study on attenuation of ground vibration using hammer generated seismic wave,” Journal of Engineering Geology, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 95-102.

[20] Tarif, P. and Bourbie, T., 1987, “Experimental comparison between spectral ratio and rise time techniques for the measurements of attenuation,” Geophysics, Vol. 41, No. 6, pp. 668-680.

[21] Toksöz, M.N., Johnston, D.H. and Timur, A., 1979, “Attenuation of seismic waves in dry and saturated rocks:Ⅰ. Laboratory measurements,” Geophysics, Vol. 44, No. 4, pp. 681-690.

[22] Toksöz, M.N. and Johnston, D.H., 1981, Seismic wave attenuation, ed., Geophysics Reprint Series No. 2, Society of Exploration Geophysicists : Tulsa. pp. 123-135.

[23] Gusmeroli, A., Murray, T., Jansson, P., Pettersson, R., Aschwanden, A. and Booth, A.D., 2010, “ertical distribution of water within the polythermal Storglaciäen, Sweden,” Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 115, F04002.

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