Analysis on the Design Parameters and Evaluation of the Oil Recovery in
CO2-WAG Process

doi:10.12972/ksmer.2015.52.2.129

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2015 Vol.52, Issue 2 Next Page

Research Paper

Analysis on the Design Parameters and Evaluation of the Oil Recovery in CO2-WAG Process CO2-WAG 공법의 설계변수 분석 및 오일회수율 평가: 김공영 · 김영민 · 신창훈 · 이정환
Gongyeong Kim, Youngmin Kim, Changhoon Shin and Jeonghwan Lee

30 April 2015. pp. 129-138

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Abstract

In applying CO₂-WAG, the optimization of design parameters is a main concern to obtain favorableoil recovery. In this study, a parametric study was implemented to investigate the effect of injection rate, WAGratio and CO₂ slug size on oil recovery. A 1-D model was developed to confirm the oil recovery factor for differentdesign parameters. As a result, the optimum parameters for CO₂-WAG were WAG ratio of 1:2, slug size of 0.04PV and total slug size of 0.5 PV. Based on the analysis, reservoir simulations were carried out to investigatethe effect of enhanced oil recovery. It was confirmed that CO₂-WAG results in incremental 20% and 7% oilrecovery compared to the primary recovery and water flooding, respectively. As oil recovery was increased to8% with the increased oil of 21 MMbbl during injection period of CO₂-WAG, the application of CO₂-WAG processis economically feasible.

Keywords

CO₂-WAG

Parametric study

Injection rate

WAG ratio

CO₂ slug size

CO₂-WAG 공법 적용에 있어, 오일회수율을 높이기 위해서는 주요 설계변수에 대한 최적설계가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 CO₂-WAG 공법에서 각 설계변수가 오일회수에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자, 1-D 모델을 구축하여 주입속도 및 WAG 비율과 CO₂ 슬러그 사이즈에 대한 변수 분석을 수행하였다. 그 결과, 오일회수율은1:2 WAG 비율과 0.04 PV CO₂ 슬러그 사이즈에서 가장 높게 나타났으며, 누적 CO₂ 슬러그 사이즈는 0.5 PV가적절함을 확인하였다. 또한, 분석 결과를 기반으로 설계된 저류층 모델을 활용하여 CO₂-WAG 공법의 회수증진효과를 확인하였다. 1차 회수에 비해 20%, 수공법에 비해 7% 더 높은 오일회수율을 보였으며, CO₂-WAG 주입기간 동안 증진된 오일은 약 21 MMbbl로 8%의 오일회수율 증가를 보여 경제적 파급효과가 충분한 것으로 나타났다.

키워드

CO₂-WAG 공법

변수 분석

주입속도

WAG 비율

CO₂ 슬러그 사이즈

References

Cha, J.H. and Chon, B.H., 2011, “Experimental Analyses of the Effect of Slug Sizes and WAG Ratios on Oil Recovery by CO₂ Flooding,” J. of The Korean Society of Geosystem Engineers, Vol. 48, No. 2, pp. 178-187.
Elwy, M., Zekri, A.Y., Almehaideb, R.A. and Al-Attar, H.H., 2012, “Optimization of CO₂ WAG Processes in Carbonate Reservoirs-An Experimental Approach,” Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Conference and Exhibition, Society of Petroleum Engineers, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Nov. 11-14, SPE 161782.
Ghedan, S., 2009, “Global Laboratory Experience of CO₂- EOR Flooding,” SPE/EAGE Reservoir Characterization and Simulation Conference, Society of Petroleum Engineers, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Oct. 19, SPE 125581.
Green, D.W. and Willhite, G.P., 1998, Enhanced Oil Recovery, SPE Textbook Series, Society of Petroleum Engineers, Vol. 6, pp. 168-173.
Hong, K.C., 1982, “Lumped-Component Characterization of Crude Oils for Compositional Simulation,” SPE Enhanced Oil Recovery Symposium, Society of Petroleum Engineers, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA, Apr. 4-7, SPE 10691.
Nangacovie, H.L.M., 2012, Application of WAG and SWAG injection techniques into the Norne E-segment Field, MS Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Nasir, F.M. and Chong, Y.Y., 2009, “The Effect of Different Carbon Dioxide Injection Modes on Oil Recovery,” International Journal of Engineering & Technology, Vol. 9, No. 10, pp. 54-60.
NETL, 2010, Carbon Dioxide Enhanced Oil Recovery, U.S. Department of Energy.
Nuryaningsih, L., Jiang, H. and Adidharma, H., 2010, “Experimental Study on Optimum Half-Cycle Slug Size of Water Alternating Gas under Tertiary Miscible Carbon Dioxide Flooding,” SPE International Conference on CO₂ Capture, Storage, and Utilization, Society of Petroleum Engineers, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, Nov. 10-12, SPE 139580.
Oh, J.Y., Chon, B.H. and Yu, H.S., 2012, “Experimental Observation of Varying Oil Viscosity on Oil Recovery by CO₂ Injection,” J. of The Korean Society of Geosystem Engineers, Vol. 49, No. 4, pp. 521-530.
Wu, X., Ogbe, D.O., Zhu, T. and Khataniar, S., 2004, “Critical Design Factors and Evaluation of Recovery Performance of Miscible Displacement and WAG Process,” Canadian International Petroleum Conference, Petroleum Society of Canada, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, June 8-10, PETSOC 2004-192.
Zahoor, M.K., Derahman, M.N. and Yunan, M.H., 2011, “WAG Process Design - An Updated Review,” Brazilian Journal of Petroleum and Gas, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 109-121.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Journal Title(Ko) :한국자원공학회지
Volume : 52
No :2
Pages :129-138
DOI :https://doi.org/10.12972/ksmer.2015.52.2.129

[1] Cha, J.H. and Chon, B.H., 2011, “Experimental Analyses of the Effect of Slug Sizes and WAG Ratios on Oil Recovery by CO₂ Flooding,” J. of The Korean Society of Geosystem Engineers, Vol. 48, No. 2, pp. 178-187.

[2] Elwy, M., Zekri, A.Y., Almehaideb, R.A. and Al-Attar, H.H., 2012, “Optimization of CO₂ WAG Processes in Carbonate Reservoirs-An Experimental Approach,” Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Conference and Exhibition, Society of Petroleum Engineers, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Nov. 11-14, SPE 161782.

[3] Ghedan, S., 2009, “Global Laboratory Experience of CO₂- EOR Flooding,” SPE/EAGE Reservoir Characterization and Simulation Conference, Society of Petroleum Engineers, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Oct. 19, SPE 125581.

[4] Green, D.W. and Willhite, G.P., 1998, Enhanced Oil Recovery, SPE Textbook Series, Society of Petroleum Engineers, Vol. 6, pp. 168-173.

[5] Hong, K.C., 1982, “Lumped-Component Characterization of Crude Oils for Compositional Simulation,” SPE Enhanced Oil Recovery Symposium, Society of Petroleum Engineers, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA, Apr. 4-7, SPE 10691.

[6] Nangacovie, H.L.M., 2012, Application of WAG and SWAG injection techniques into the Norne E-segment Field, MS Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.

[7] Nasir, F.M. and Chong, Y.Y., 2009, “The Effect of Different Carbon Dioxide Injection Modes on Oil Recovery,” International Journal of Engineering & Technology, Vol. 9, No. 10, pp. 54-60.

[8] NETL, 2010, Carbon Dioxide Enhanced Oil Recovery, U.S. Department of Energy.

[9] Nuryaningsih, L., Jiang, H. and Adidharma, H., 2010, “Experimental Study on Optimum Half-Cycle Slug Size of Water Alternating Gas under Tertiary Miscible Carbon Dioxide Flooding,” SPE International Conference on CO₂ Capture, Storage, and Utilization, Society of Petroleum Engineers, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, Nov. 10-12, SPE 139580.

[10] Oh, J.Y., Chon, B.H. and Yu, H.S., 2012, “Experimental Observation of Varying Oil Viscosity on Oil Recovery by CO₂ Injection,” J. of The Korean Society of Geosystem Engineers, Vol. 49, No. 4, pp. 521-530.

[11] Wu, X., Ogbe, D.O., Zhu, T. and Khataniar, S., 2004, “Critical Design Factors and Evaluation of Recovery Performance of Miscible Displacement and WAG Process,” Canadian International Petroleum Conference, Petroleum Society of Canada, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, June 8-10, PETSOC 2004-192.

[12] Zahoor, M.K., Derahman, M.N. and Yunan, M.H., 2011, “WAG Process Design - An Updated Review,” Brazilian Journal of Petroleum and Gas, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 109-121.

Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers ISSN:2288-0291(Print) 2288-2790(Online) 한국자원공학회지

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