Construction of a Microseismicity Observation Network with Borehole Accelerometers for Monitoring Geothermal Reservoir

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2012 Vol.49, Issue 4 Preview Page Next Page

Research Paper

Construction of a Microseismicity Observation Network with Borehole Accelerometers for Monitoring Geothermal Reservoir 지열 저류층 모니터링을 위한 시추공 가속도계 방식 미소진동 관측망 구축: 송윤호·박미희·전재수·이종민·조창수·이태종
Yoonho Song, Mihee Park, Jaesoo Jeon, Jong Min Lee, Chang-Soo Cho and Tae Jong Lee

31 August 2012. pp. 487-497

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Abstract

We have installed eight microseismic observatories located along circles with radius of 3 to 5 km centered on Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) site at Heunghae, Pohang and completed an observation network through internet which enables us to remote control the system and to record the data in real time. We use three-component borehole accelerometers equipped with piezo-electric transducer and the depth of boreholes are in the range of 100 to 130 m. We are monitoring and recording background signals of 24 bit A/D converted with sampling rate of 500 samples per second (sps) which will be increased up to 1,000 sps during hydraulic stimulation for creating geothermal reservoir. The installation was completed in late March 2012 and recording of data started in mid April. We confirmed the performance of the network by detecting the Muju earthquake occurred on 11th of May, 2012, which is 148 km apart from the center of the network.

Keywords

Microseismicity

Geothermal reservoir

Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS)

Hydraulic stimulation

accelerometer

경상북도 포항시 흥해읍에 위치한 EGS 지열발전 시추부지를 중심으로 반경 3 km～5 km 범위에 8개의 미소진동 관측소를 설치하고 인터넷을 이용해 실시간 원격제어 및 자료저장이 가능한 관측 시스템을 구축하였다. 미소진동 센서로는 압전소자를 채택한 시추공내 3성분 가속도계를 사용하였으며 시추공의 심도는 100 m～130 m 범위이다. 초당 500개 샘플링으로 24 bit A/D변환으로 배경 신호를 관측하고 저장하고 있으며 주목적인 지열 저류층 생성을 위한 수리자극 시에는 초당 1,000개로 샘플 주파수를 증가시킬 계획이다. 시스템은 2012년 3월말에 구축 완료되었으며, 측정 변수 및 시스템의 보완을 거쳐 4월 중순부터 모든 자료를 저장하고 있다. 5월 11일에 측정망으로부터 148 km 떨어진 무주에서 발생한 지진자료가 모든 관측소에서 뚜렷이 기록되어 관측망이 정상 작동하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

키워드

미소진동

지열 저류층

인공 지열 저류층 생성 기술(EGS)

수리자극

가속도계

References

김명선, 변중무, 설순지, 2010, “원유회수증진을 위한 microseismic monitoring 기법 연구,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제47권 6호, pp. 871-879.
김중열, 김유성, 권성일, 권형일, 김지현, 강신원, 장항석, 김태혁, 권현호, 2011, “지반침하 진행 예측을 위한 지소진동 모니터링 및 분석 시스템 개발,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제48권 6호, pp. 764-774.
송윤호, 2010, “인공 지열 저류층 생성 기술(EGS)을 이용한 국내 지열발전 pilot plant 규모 추정,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제47권 3호, pp. 245-253.
이태종, 송윤호, 이창범, 박덕원, 김형찬, 조병욱, 이승구, 김통권, 황세호, 윤욱, 이상규, 이철우, 이영민, 이성곤, 박인화, 심병완, 이윤수, 2008, 지열수 자원 실용화 기술 개발, 한국지질자원연구원 기본사업 보고서 GP2007-002-03-2, p. 183.
Asanuma, H., Liu, H., Niitsuma, H. and Baria, R., 1999, “Identification of structures inside basement at Soultz-sous-Foret (France) by triaxial drill-bit vertical seismic profiling,” Geothermics, Vol. 28, pp. 355-376.
Asanuma, H., Kumano, V., Izumi, T., Soma, N., Kaieda, H., Aoyagi, Y., Tezuka, K., Wyborn, D. and Niitsuma, H., 2004, “Microseismic monitoring of a stimulation of HDR reservoir at Cooper Basin, Australia, by the Japanese team,” GRC Transactions, Vol. 28, pp. 191-195.
Asanuma, H., Kenmoku, Y., Niitsuma, H. and Wyborn, D., 2009, “Interpretation of reservoir creation process at Cooper Basin by microseismic multiplet analysis,” GRC Transactions, Vol. 33, pp. 149-153.
Asanuma, H., Tamakawa, K., Soma, N., Niitsuma, H., Baria, R. and Haring, M., 2011, “Reflection imaging of EGS reservoirs using microseismicity as a source,” Proceedings, Thirty-sixth Workshop of Geothermal Reservoir Engineering, Stanford University, January 31 - February 2, 2011, SGP-TR-191.
Baria, R., Michelet, S., Baumgaertner, J., Dyer, B., Gerard, A., Nicholls, J., Hettkamp, T., Teza, D., Soma, N., Asanuma, H., Garnish, J. and Megel, T., 2004, “Microseismic monitoring of the world's largest potential HDR reservoir,” Proceedings, Twenty-ninth Workshop of Geothermal Reservoir Engineering, Stanford University, January 26-28, 2004.
Dorbath, L., Cuenot, N., Genter, A. and Frogneux, M., 2009, “Seismic response of the fractured and faulted granite of Soultz-sous-Forêts (France) to 5 km deep massive water injections,” Geophys. J. Int., Vol. 177, pp. 635-675.
Duncan, P. M. and Eisner, L., 2010, “Reservoir chracterization using surface microseismic monitoring,” Geophysics, Vol. 75, pp. 75A139-75A146.
Hardy, H. R. Jr., 2003, Acoustic emission/microseismic activity, Vol. 1 - Principles, techniques and geotechnical applications, A.A. Balkema Publishers, p. 281.
Majer, E. L., Baria, R., Stark, M., Oates, S., Bommer, J., Smith, B. and Asanuma, H., 2007, “Induced seismicity associated Enhanced Geothermal System,” Geothermics, Vol. 36, pp. 185-222.
Majer, E., Nelson, J., Robertson-Tait, A., Savy, J. and Wong, I., 2012, Protocol for addressing induced seismicity associated with Enhanced Geothermal System, US Department of Energy, DOE/EE-0662, http://www1.eere.energy.gov/geothermal/pdfs/geothermal_seismicity_protocol_012012.pdf
Rector, J. W. and Marion, B. P., 1991, “The use of drill-bit energy as a downhole seismic source,” Geophysics, Vol. 56, pp. 628-634.
Soma, N., Niitsuma, H. and Baria, R., 2002, “Evaluation of subsurface structure at Soultz Hot Dry Rock site by the AE reflection method in time-frequency domain,” Pure app. geophys., Vol. 159, pp. 543-562.
Verdon, J. P., 2012, Microseismic monitoring and geomechanical modelling of CO2 storage in subsurface reservoirs, Springer, p. 183.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering
Journal Title(Ko) :한국지구시스템공학회지
Volume : 49
No :4
Pages :487-497

[1] 김명선, 변중무, 설순지, 2010, “원유회수증진을 위한 microseismic monitoring 기법 연구,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제47권 6호, pp. 871-879.

[2] 김중열, 김유성, 권성일, 권형일, 김지현, 강신원, 장항석, 김태혁, 권현호, 2011, “지반침하 진행 예측을 위한 지소진동 모니터링 및 분석 시스템 개발,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제48권 6호, pp. 764-774.

[3] 송윤호, 2010, “인공 지열 저류층 생성 기술(EGS)을 이용한 국내 지열발전 pilot plant 규모 추정,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제47권 3호, pp. 245-253.

[4] 이태종, 송윤호, 이창범, 박덕원, 김형찬, 조병욱, 이승구, 김통권, 황세호, 윤욱, 이상규, 이철우, 이영민, 이성곤, 박인화, 심병완, 이윤수, 2008, 지열수 자원 실용화 기술 개발, 한국지질자원연구원 기본사업 보고서 GP2007-002-03-2, p. 183.

[5] Asanuma, H., Liu, H., Niitsuma, H. and Baria, R., 1999, “Identification of structures inside basement at Soultz-sous-Foret (France) by triaxial drill-bit vertical seismic profiling,” Geothermics, Vol. 28, pp. 355-376.

[6] Asanuma, H., Kumano, V., Izumi, T., Soma, N., Kaieda, H., Aoyagi, Y., Tezuka, K., Wyborn, D. and Niitsuma, H., 2004, “Microseismic monitoring of a stimulation of HDR reservoir at Cooper Basin, Australia, by the Japanese team,” GRC Transactions, Vol. 28, pp. 191-195.

[7] Asanuma, H., Kenmoku, Y., Niitsuma, H. and Wyborn, D., 2009, “Interpretation of reservoir creation process at Cooper Basin by microseismic multiplet analysis,” GRC Transactions, Vol. 33, pp. 149-153.

[8] Asanuma, H., Tamakawa, K., Soma, N., Niitsuma, H., Baria, R. and Haring, M., 2011, “Reflection imaging of EGS reservoirs using microseismicity as a source,” Proceedings, Thirty-sixth Workshop of Geothermal Reservoir Engineering, Stanford University, January 31 - February 2, 2011, SGP-TR-191.

[9] Baria, R., Michelet, S., Baumgaertner, J., Dyer, B., Gerard, A., Nicholls, J., Hettkamp, T., Teza, D., Soma, N., Asanuma, H., Garnish, J. and Megel, T., 2004, “Microseismic monitoring of the world's largest potential HDR reservoir,” Proceedings, Twenty-ninth Workshop of Geothermal Reservoir Engineering, Stanford University, January 26-28, 2004.

[10] Dorbath, L., Cuenot, N., Genter, A. and Frogneux, M., 2009, “Seismic response of the fractured and faulted granite of Soultz-sous-Forêts (France) to 5 km deep massive water injections,” Geophys. J. Int., Vol. 177, pp. 635-675.

[11] Duncan, P. M. and Eisner, L., 2010, “Reservoir chracterization using surface microseismic monitoring,” Geophysics, Vol. 75, pp. 75A139-75A146.

[12] Hardy, H. R. Jr., 2003, Acoustic emission/microseismic activity, Vol. 1 - Principles, techniques and geotechnical applications, A.A. Balkema Publishers, p. 281.

[13] Majer, E. L., Baria, R., Stark, M., Oates, S., Bommer, J., Smith, B. and Asanuma, H., 2007, “Induced seismicity associated Enhanced Geothermal System,” Geothermics, Vol. 36, pp. 185-222.

[14] Majer, E., Nelson, J., Robertson-Tait, A., Savy, J. and Wong, I., 2012, Protocol for addressing induced seismicity associated with Enhanced Geothermal System, US Department of Energy, DOE/EE-0662, http://www1.eere.energy.gov/geothermal/pdfs/geothermal_seismicity_protocol_012012.pdf

[15] Rector, J. W. and Marion, B. P., 1991, “The use of drill-bit energy as a downhole seismic source,” Geophysics, Vol. 56, pp. 628-634.

[16] Soma, N., Niitsuma, H. and Baria, R., 2002, “Evaluation of subsurface structure at Soultz Hot Dry Rock site by the AE reflection method in time-frequency domain,” Pure app. geophys., Vol. 159, pp. 543-562.

[17] Verdon, J. P., 2012, Microseismic monitoring and geomechanical modelling of CO2 storage in subsurface reservoirs, Springer, p. 183.

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