S-Wave Reflection Method for Mapping of Near-Subsurface Geologic Structure at Yangsan Alluvial Area

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2010 Vol.47, Issue 5 Preview Page Next Page

S-Wave Reflection Method for Mapping of Near-Subsurface Geologic Structure at Yangsan Alluvial Area 양산 충적퇴적층 지역의 천부지질조사를 위한 S파 반사법 탐사: 신성렬, 김진욱, 옥수종, 한원태, 이용조, 이창원
Sungryul Shin, Jinwook Kim, Soojong Ok, Wontae Han, Yongjo Lee and Changwon Lee

31 October 2010. pp. 723-730

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Abstract

This paper illustrates the feasibility of using S-wave reflection method for mapping of near-subsurface geologic structure. Numerical modeling method was tested for the horizontal two layered model using P-wave reflection method and S-wave reflection method. Synthetic seismograms of P-wave reflection model were difficult to produce due to its long wavelength and dominated surface waves. However, the S-wave reflection method provided a very simple synthetic seismogram. High-resolution S-wave reflection method was carried out at the area of the Yangsan alluvial area. The aim of this method was to detect and map geological structure and bedrock for the design of civil structures. Stacked section was achieved with improved image of near-subsurface structure using S-wave reflection method. SH-wave was generated by impacting an excavator. Seismic reflection data was recorded using a 24-channel seismograph. Comparison between the stacked section and section of borehore near the survey area shows good correction. S-wave reflection method is very effective in imaging geological interface. S-wave reflection method can be essential for the higher resolution images.

Keywords

S-wave reflection method

Near-subsurface geologic structure

High-resolution

Yangsan alluvial area

본 논문에서는 S파 음원을 이용한 반사법 탐사의 천부지질조사에 대한 적합성을 검토하였다. 먼저 탄성파 수치모델링으로 P파 및 S파 음원에 대한 반사법 탐사 자료를 획득하였다. 합성탄성파 기록에서 P파 반사법은 긴 파장과 표면파로 인하여 반사파 이벤트가 잘 구분되지 않은 반면 S파 반사법에서는 보다 명료한 이벤트를 확인할 수 있었다. 수치모델링 자료에 대한 분석을 거쳐 양산 충적퇴적층 지역에서 S파 음원을 이용한 반사법탐사를 수행하였다. 24채널의 탄성파 탐사기가 사용되었으며 굴삭기를 이용하여 SH파를 발생시켰다. 연구결과의 신뢰성을 확보하기 위하여 4개 공에 대한 시추조사를 병행하였다. 반사법 탐사 자료의 전산처리 결과 시추자료와 부합하는 고해상도의 반사단면을 획득하였다. BH-2, BH-3의 시추자료에서 기반암의 심도는 각각 47 m, 38 m이었다. 두 개의 시추공에 인접한 탐사 측선의 최종 중합단면도에서는 각각 45～50 m, 37～42 m 지점에서 기반암의 강한 반사파 이벤트를 확인할 수 있었다. S파 반사법 탐사는 기반암의 경계면과 지질구조를 정밀하고 높은 해상도로 영상화시키므로 천부지질조사에서 유용하게 쓰일 수 있을 것이다.

키워드

탄성파탐사

S파 반사법

천부지질구조

고해상도

양산 충적퇴적층

References

김규한, 공영세, 오진용, 이정모, 1999, “반사법 탄성파 탐사를 이용한 천부 지질구조,” 지구물리와 물리탐사, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 8-16.
김성우 등, 2006, “S파를 이용한 고해상도 탄성파 반사법 탐사 : 지반표층부에 대한 적용사례,” 한국지반공학회지, Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 41-49.
신성렬, 신창수, 서정희, 1997, “Staggred Grid를 이용한 유한 차분법 탄성파 모델링,” 한국자원공학회지, Vol. 34, No. 2, pp. 168-174.
신창수, 박관순, 박근필, 조철현, 1993, “수치모형 프로그램에 의한 인공탄성파 합성 및 완전파형 역산연구,” KR-93(T)-12, 과학기술처.
이태섭, 서상용, 구자학, 1989, “천층반사법탐사에 의한 기반암구조 Mapping,” 한국자원공학회지, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 121-128.
최동림, 김성렬, 석봉출, 오재경, 1993, “한국 남동부 영일만의 천부 지질구조,” 한국석유지질학회지, Vol. 1, 53-62.
Alford, R.R., Kelly, K.R. and Boore, D.M., 1974, “Accuracy of difference modeling of the acoustic wave equation,” Geophysics, v. 39, pp. 834-842.
Alterman, Z.S. and Karal, F.C., 1968, “Propagation of elastic waves in layered media by finite difference methods,” Bull. Seis. Soc. Am., v. 58, pp. 367-398.
Bay Geophysical INC., 2009.7.10, http://baygeo.com. Dasios, A., McCann, C., Austin, T.R., McCann, D.M., and Fenning, P., 1999, “Seismic imaging of the shallow subsurface: Shear-wave case histories,” Geophysical Prospecting. Vol. 47, pp. 565-591.
Ghose, R. and Goundswaard, J., 2004, “Integrating S-wave seismic reflection data using a multiangle multiscale approach,” Geophysics, Vol. 69, No. 2, pp. 440-459.
Hunter, J.A., Pullan, S.E., Burns, R.A., Gagne, R.M., and Good, R.L., 1984, “Shallow seismic reflection mapping of the overburden-bedrock interface with the engineering seismograph -Some simple technique,” Geophysics, Vol. 49, No. 8, pp. 1381-1385.
Inazaki, T. 2004, “Geophysics in the Western Pacific Environment : High-resolution seismic reflection surveying at paved area using an S-wave type land streamer,” 지구물리와 물리탐사, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 1-6.
Kelly, K.R., Ward, R.W., Treitel, S. and Alford, R.M., 1976, “Synthetic seismograms: a finite-difference approach,” Geophysics, Vol. 41, pp. 2-27.
Kim, H.S., Nam, S.H., and Kim, Y.D., 1996, “Near-surface geophysical surveys using seismic and electric methods in barton peninsula of king george island, Antarctica,” Journal of the Geological Society of Korea, Vol. 32, pp. 131-145.
Knapp, R.W. and Steeples, D.W., 1986, High-resolution common-depth-point seismic reflection profiling: Instrumentation, Geophysics, Vol. 51, No. 2, pp. 276-282.
Kobayashi, N., Goto, H., Sawada, S., Yamada, K., 2009, “Shallow S-wave Seismic Reflection Survey around the K-NET Anamizu Site,” Safety, Reliability and Risk of Structures, Infrastructures and Engineering Systems, pp. 2933-2939.
Sheriff, R.E., 2002, Encyclopedic Dictionary of Applied Geophysics, 4th Ed., Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Oklahoma, U.S.A., p. 429.
Smyth, E.L., and Barrett, D.M., 1994. Geophysical characteristics of the Tertiary palaeochannels in the Yilgarn block, Western
Australia, In: Dentith, M.C., Francombe, K.F., Ho, S.E., Shepherd, J.M., Groves, D.I., Trench, A. (Eds.), Geophysical Signatures of Western Australian Mineral Deposits, Geology and Geophysics Department, Key Centre and UWA Extension, The University of Western Australia, Publication No. 26, pp. 417-425.
Steeples, D.W. and Miller, R.D., 1990, Seismic-reflection methods applied to engineering, environmental, and groundwater problems, In: S. Ward (Editor), Soc. Explor. Geophys. Volumes on Geotechnical and Environmental Geophysics. Vol. 1, Review and Tutorial, pp. 1-30.
Zhang, S.H., 1990, “Shallow SH-wave seismic exploration for subway construction in Shanghai,” Geotechnics, Vol. 1, pp. 175-179.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering
Journal Title(Ko) :한국지구시스템공학회지
Volume : 47
No :5
Pages :723-730

[1] 김규한, 공영세, 오진용, 이정모, 1999, “반사법 탄성파 탐사를 이용한 천부 지질구조,” 지구물리와 물리탐사, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 8-16.

[2] 김성우 등, 2006, “S파를 이용한 고해상도 탄성파 반사법 탐사 : 지반표층부에 대한 적용사례,” 한국지반공학회지, Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 41-49.

[3] 신성렬, 신창수, 서정희, 1997, “Staggred Grid를 이용한 유한 차분법 탄성파 모델링,” 한국자원공학회지, Vol. 34, No. 2, pp. 168-174.

[4] 신창수, 박관순, 박근필, 조철현, 1993, “수치모형 프로그램에 의한 인공탄성파 합성 및 완전파형 역산연구,” KR-93(T)-12, 과학기술처.

[5] 이태섭, 서상용, 구자학, 1989, “천층반사법탐사에 의한 기반암구조 Mapping,” 한국자원공학회지, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 121-128.

[6] 최동림, 김성렬, 석봉출, 오재경, 1993, “한국 남동부 영일만의 천부 지질구조,” 한국석유지질학회지, Vol. 1, 53-62.

[7] Alford, R.R., Kelly, K.R. and Boore, D.M., 1974, “Accuracy of difference modeling of the acoustic wave equation,” Geophysics, v. 39, pp. 834-842.

[8] Alterman, Z.S. and Karal, F.C., 1968, “Propagation of elastic waves in layered media by finite difference methods,” Bull. Seis. Soc. Am., v. 58, pp. 367-398.

[9] Bay Geophysical INC., 2009.7.10, http://baygeo.com. Dasios, A., McCann, C., Austin, T.R., McCann, D.M., and Fenning, P., 1999, “Seismic imaging of the shallow subsurface: Shear-wave case histories,” Geophysical Prospecting. Vol. 47, pp. 565-591.

[10] Ghose, R. and Goundswaard, J., 2004, “Integrating S-wave seismic reflection data using a multiangle multiscale approach,” Geophysics, Vol. 69, No. 2, pp. 440-459.

[11] Hunter, J.A., Pullan, S.E., Burns, R.A., Gagne, R.M., and Good, R.L., 1984, “Shallow seismic reflection mapping of the overburden-bedrock interface with the engineering seismograph -Some simple technique,” Geophysics, Vol. 49, No. 8, pp. 1381-1385.

[12] Inazaki, T. 2004, “Geophysics in the Western Pacific Environment : High-resolution seismic reflection surveying at paved area using an S-wave type land streamer,” 지구물리와 물리탐사, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 1-6.

[13] Kelly, K.R., Ward, R.W., Treitel, S. and Alford, R.M., 1976, “Synthetic seismograms: a finite-difference approach,” Geophysics, Vol. 41, pp. 2-27.

[14] Kim, H.S., Nam, S.H., and Kim, Y.D., 1996, “Near-surface geophysical surveys using seismic and electric methods in barton peninsula of king george island, Antarctica,” Journal of the Geological Society of Korea, Vol. 32, pp. 131-145.

[15] Knapp, R.W. and Steeples, D.W., 1986, High-resolution common-depth-point seismic reflection profiling: Instrumentation, Geophysics, Vol. 51, No. 2, pp. 276-282.

[16] Kobayashi, N., Goto, H., Sawada, S., Yamada, K., 2009, “Shallow S-wave Seismic Reflection Survey around the K-NET Anamizu Site,” Safety, Reliability and Risk of Structures, Infrastructures and Engineering Systems, pp. 2933-2939.

[17] Sheriff, R.E., 2002, Encyclopedic Dictionary of Applied Geophysics, 4th Ed., Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Oklahoma, U.S.A., p. 429.

[18] Smyth, E.L., and Barrett, D.M., 1994. Geophysical characteristics of the Tertiary palaeochannels in the Yilgarn block, Western

[19] Australia, In: Dentith, M.C., Francombe, K.F., Ho, S.E., Shepherd, J.M., Groves, D.I., Trench, A. (Eds.), Geophysical Signatures of Western Australian Mineral Deposits, Geology and Geophysics Department, Key Centre and UWA Extension, The University of Western Australia, Publication No. 26, pp. 417-425.

[20] Steeples, D.W. and Miller, R.D., 1990, Seismic-reflection methods applied to engineering, environmental, and groundwater problems, In: S. Ward (Editor), Soc. Explor. Geophys. Volumes on Geotechnical and Environmental Geophysics. Vol. 1, Review and Tutorial, pp. 1-30.

[21] Zhang, S.H., 1990, “Shallow SH-wave seismic exploration for subway construction in Shanghai,” Geotechnics, Vol. 1, pp. 175-179.

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