Leaching Behavior of Titanium from Beach Sand Ilmenite in Sulfuric Acid Solution

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2012 Vol.49, Issue 3 Preview Page Next Page

Research Paper

Leaching Behavior of Titanium from Beach Sand Ilmenite in Sulfuric Acid Solution 황산용액에서 해사 티탄철석내의 티타늄 침출거동: 이성훈·박승수·김성민·한요셉·최준철·신희영·박재구
Seonghoon Lee, Seungsoo Park, Seongmin Kim, Yosep Han, Joonchul Choi, Heeyoung Shin and Jaikoo Park

30 June 2012. pp. 299-308

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Abstract

In this study, leaching behavior of Ti from ilmenite was investigated for establishing an efficient process of Ti leaching. The effects of agitation speed, S/L (Solid/Liquid) ratio, leaching temperature and sulfuric acid concentration on the leaching rate of Ti was assessed. The experiment was proceeded under the conditions; temperature between 60 and 90℃ and concentration of sulfuric acid between 2～6 M after fixing agitation speed (600 rpm) and S/L ratio (1/60). As the result of kinetics, data for the leaching rate was observed to agree better to Dickinson and Heal model than any other models. The activation energy was determined to be 110.70 kJ/mol and order of reaction was determined to be 2.41 in this model. The leaching rate of Ti was influenced by both the interfacial transfer and diffusion across the product layer.

Keywords

Ilmenite

Leaching

Kinetic

Activation energy

연구에서는 메카노케미컬 처리된 티탄철석(ilmenite)의 황산용액 내에서의 침출거동을 조사하였다. 교반속도, 고/액비, 시간, 침출온도 및 황산농도가 Ti 침출율에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 침출실험은 교반속도 600 rpm 및 고액비 1/60로 고정한 후 60～90℃범위의 온도와 2～6 M 범위의 황산농도에서 실시하였다. 실험 결과 침출 온도 및 황산 농도가 높을수록 Ti의 침출율은 증가하였으며 침출속도는 Dickinson and Heal 모델로 해석하는 것이 가장 적합하였다. 모델식에 의한 활성화 에너지(Ea)는 110.70 kJ/mol, 반응 차수(n)는 2.41이었다. 반응속도는 반응 계면의 이동(Interface transfer)과 생성물 층에서의 확산에 동시에 영향을 받는 것으로 판단된다.

키워드

티탄철석

침출

속도론적 해석

활성화 에너지

References

김병수, 유경근, 김수경, 김민석, 이재천, 2008, “염산용액에서 사문석으로부터 마그네슘의 침출거동,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제45권 6호, pp. 627-634.
김진수, 한요셉, 박재구, 신희영, 문지웅, 2010, “해사 티탄철광으로부터 TiO2 합성 및 광촉매 활성,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제47권 3호, pp. 359-368.
Amer, A.M., 2000, “Investigation of the direct hydrometallurgical processing of mechanically activated low-grade wolframite concentrate,” Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 58, No. 3, pp. 251-259.
Amer, A.M., 2002, “Alkaline pressure leaching of mechanically activated Rosetta ilmenite concentrate,” Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 67, No. 1, pp. 125-133.
Dehghan, R., Noaparast, M. and Kolahdoozan, M., 2009, “Leaching and kinetic modelling of low-grade calcareous sphalerite in acidic ferric chloride solution,” Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 96, No. 3, pp. 275-282.
Dickinson, C.F. and Heal, G.R., 1999, “Solid-liquid diffusion controlled rate equations,” Thermochimica Acta, Vol. 340-341, No. 9, pp. 89-103.
Han, K.N., Rubcumintara, T. and Fuerstenau, M.C., 1987. “Leaching behaviour of ilmenite with sulfuric acid,” Metallurgical Transactions B., Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 325-330.
Liddell, K.C., 2005, “Shrinking core models in hydrometallurgy: What students are not being told about the pseudo-steady approximation,” Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 79, No. 9, pp. 62-68.
Li, C., Liang, B. and Chen, S.-P., 2006, “Combined milling dissolution of Panzhihua ilmenite in sulfuric acid,” Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 82, No. 11, pp. 93-99.
Liang, B., Li, C., Zhang, C. and Zhang, Y., 2005, “Leaching kinetics of Panzhihua ilmenite in sulfuric acid,” Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 76, No. 3, pp. 173-179.
Li, M., Wei, C., Qiu, S., Zhou, X., Li, C. and Deng, Z., 2010, “Kinetics of vanadium dissolution from black shale in pressure acid leaching,” Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 104, Issue 2, pp. 193-200.
Sasikumar, C., Rao, D.S., Srikanth, S., Ravikumar, B., Mukhopadhyay, N.K. and Mehrotra, S.P., 2004, “Effect of mechanical activation on the kinetics of sulfuric acid leaching of beach sand ilmenite from Orissa, India,” Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 75, No. 18, pp. 189-204.
Sasikumar, C., Rao, D.S., Srikanth, S., Mukhopadhyay, N.K. and Mehrotra, S.P., 2007, “Dissolution studies of mechanically activated Manavalakurichi ilmenite with HCl and H2SO4,” Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 88, No. 17, pp. 154- 164.
Van Dyk, J.P., Vegter, N.M. and Pistorius, P.C., 2002. “Kinetics of ilmenite dissolution in hydrochloric acid,” Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 65, No. 5, pp. 31-36.
Welham, N.J., 1997, “Enhancement of the dissolution of ilmenite (FeTiO3) by extended milling,” Transactions of the Institution of Mining Metallurgy, Section C: Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy, Vol. 106, No. 1, pp. 138-141.
Welham, N.J. and Llewellyn, D.J., 1998, “Mechanical enhancement of the dissolution of ilmenite,” Minerals Engineering, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 827-841.
Welham, N.J., 2001, “Enhanced dissolution of tantalite/ columbite following milling,” International Journal of Mineral Processing, Vol. 61, No. 1, pp. 145-154.
Zhang, S. and Nicol, M.J., 2010, “Kinetics of the dissolution of ilmenite in sulfuric acid solutions under reducing conditions,” Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 103, No. 30, pp. 196-204.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering
Journal Title(Ko) :한국지구시스템공학회지
Volume : 49
No :3
Pages :299-308

[1] 김병수, 유경근, 김수경, 김민석, 이재천, 2008, “염산용액에서 사문석으로부터 마그네슘의 침출거동,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제45권 6호, pp. 627-634.

[2] 김진수, 한요셉, 박재구, 신희영, 문지웅, 2010, “해사 티탄철광으로부터 TiO2 합성 및 광촉매 활성,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제47권 3호, pp. 359-368.

[3] Amer, A.M., 2000, “Investigation of the direct hydrometallurgical processing of mechanically activated low-grade wolframite concentrate,” Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 58, No. 3, pp. 251-259.

[4] Amer, A.M., 2002, “Alkaline pressure leaching of mechanically activated Rosetta ilmenite concentrate,” Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 67, No. 1, pp. 125-133.

[5] Dehghan, R., Noaparast, M. and Kolahdoozan, M., 2009, “Leaching and kinetic modelling of low-grade calcareous sphalerite in acidic ferric chloride solution,” Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 96, No. 3, pp. 275-282.

[6] Dickinson, C.F. and Heal, G.R., 1999, “Solid-liquid diffusion controlled rate equations,” Thermochimica Acta, Vol. 340-341, No. 9, pp. 89-103.

[7] Han, K.N., Rubcumintara, T. and Fuerstenau, M.C., 1987. “Leaching behaviour of ilmenite with sulfuric acid,” Metallurgical Transactions B., Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 325-330.

[8] Liddell, K.C., 2005, “Shrinking core models in hydrometallurgy: What students are not being told about the pseudo-steady approximation,” Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 79, No. 9, pp. 62-68.

[9] Li, C., Liang, B. and Chen, S.-P., 2006, “Combined milling dissolution of Panzhihua ilmenite in sulfuric acid,” Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 82, No. 11, pp. 93-99.

[10] Liang, B., Li, C., Zhang, C. and Zhang, Y., 2005, “Leaching kinetics of Panzhihua ilmenite in sulfuric acid,” Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 76, No. 3, pp. 173-179.

[11] Li, M., Wei, C., Qiu, S., Zhou, X., Li, C. and Deng, Z., 2010, “Kinetics of vanadium dissolution from black shale in pressure acid leaching,” Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 104, Issue 2, pp. 193-200.

[12] Sasikumar, C., Rao, D.S., Srikanth, S., Ravikumar, B., Mukhopadhyay, N.K. and Mehrotra, S.P., 2004, “Effect of mechanical activation on the kinetics of sulfuric acid leaching of beach sand ilmenite from Orissa, India,” Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 75, No. 18, pp. 189-204.

[13] Sasikumar, C., Rao, D.S., Srikanth, S., Mukhopadhyay, N.K. and Mehrotra, S.P., 2007, “Dissolution studies of mechanically activated Manavalakurichi ilmenite with HCl and H2SO4,” Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 88, No. 17, pp. 154- 164.

[14] Van Dyk, J.P., Vegter, N.M. and Pistorius, P.C., 2002. “Kinetics of ilmenite dissolution in hydrochloric acid,” Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 65, No. 5, pp. 31-36.

[15] Welham, N.J., 1997, “Enhancement of the dissolution of ilmenite (FeTiO3) by extended milling,” Transactions of the Institution of Mining Metallurgy, Section C: Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy, Vol. 106, No. 1, pp. 138-141.

[16] Welham, N.J. and Llewellyn, D.J., 1998, “Mechanical enhancement of the dissolution of ilmenite,” Minerals Engineering, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 827-841.

[17] Welham, N.J., 2001, “Enhanced dissolution of tantalite/ columbite following milling,” International Journal of Mineral Processing, Vol. 61, No. 1, pp. 145-154.

[18] Zhang, S. and Nicol, M.J., 2010, “Kinetics of the dissolution of ilmenite in sulfuric acid solutions under reducing conditions,” Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 103, No. 30, pp. 196-204.

Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers ISSN:2288-0291(Print) 2288-2790(Online) 한국자원공학회지

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