Adsorption of Nitrate-N onto ZnCl2-treated Granular Activated Carbon

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2007 Vol.44, Issue 6 Preview Page Next Page

Adsorption of Nitrate-N onto ZnCl2-treated Granular Activated Carbon 염화아연으로 표면개질된 입상활성탄의 질산성질소 흡착연구: 지민규, 최양훈, 정우식, 이상훈, 김선준, 민부기, Amit Bhatnagar, 김성헌, 정형근, 전병훈, 강준원
Minkyu Ji, Yang-Hun Choi, Woosik Jung, Sang-Hun Lee, Sun-Joon Kim, Booki Min, Amit Bhatnagar, Seong-Heon Kim, Hyung-Keun Chung, Byong-Hun Jeon and Joon-Wun Kang

31 December 2007. pp. 492-499

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Abstract

Adsorption study with zinc chloride (ZnCl2) treated coconut granular activated carbon (GAC) for nitrate removal from water has been carried out. Experimental results reveal that chemical weight ratio of 200% and temperature of 500℃ were found to be optimum for the maximum removal of nitrate from water. The comparison between virgin and ZnCl2-treated GAC indicates that treatment with ZnCl2 has significantly improved the adsorption efficacy of virgin GAC. The adsorption capacities of virgin and ZnCl2-treated coconut GACs were found 0.0274 and 0.1645 mmol/g, respectively. The adsorption of nitrate on ZnCl2-treated coconut GAC was studied as a function of contact time, initial concentration of nitrate and temperature. The kinetic study reveals that equilibrium was achieved within one hour. The adsorption data conform best fit to the Langmuir isotherm. Results of the present study recommend that adsorption process using ZnCl2-treated coconut GAC shows promising possibility for nitrate removal from drinking water.

Keywords

Nitrate pollution

Adsorbent

ZnCl2-treated activated carbon

Langmuir isotherms

수중의 질산성질소 제거를 위한 흡착연구를 염화아연(ZnCl2)으로 표면개질한 코코넛 입상활성탄(Granular Activated Carbon, GAC)을 이용하여 수행하였다. 질산성질소 제거를 위한 최적조건은 200%의 화학적 무게 비율과 500℃의 탄화 온도로 결정되었다. 염화아연으로 표면개질한 활성탄과 표면개질하지 않은 활성탄의 질산성질소 흡착능력을 비교한 결과 염화아연으로 개질한 활성탄의 질산성질소 흡착수용력(0.1645 mmol/g)이 표면개질하지 않은 활성탄의 흡착수용력(0.0274 mmol/g)보다 월등히 높은 것으로 나타났다. 염화아연으로 표면개질된 코코넛 활성탄의 질산성질소 흡착특성은 접촉시간, 질산성질소의 초기농도, 온도의 다중변수 함수로서 조사되었다. 흡착평형은 1시간 이내에 이루어졌으며 질산성질소 흡착결과는 Langmuir 흡착 등온식으로 가장 적합하게 모사되었다. 염화아연(ZnCl2)으로 표면개질된 코코넛 입상활성탄은 음용수에서 질산성질소 제거를 위한 흡착제로서의 가능성을 보여준다.

키워드

질산성질소 오염

흡착제

염화아연으로 개질된 활성탄

Langmuir 등온선

References

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이용주, 민지희, 김종호, 김한승, 2006, “이온교환수지와 나노여과막을 이용한 질산성질소의 제거특성 비교”, 대한상하수도학회 공동추계학술발표대회 논문집, 대한상하수도학회･한국물환경학회, 대구컨벤션센터, 11월 15-16일, pp. 171-176.
연경호, 이승학, 이관용, 박용민, 강상윤, 이재원, 최용수, 이상협, 2007, “메조기공 실리카에 부착된 영가철을 이용한 질산성질소의 환원”, 대한상하수도학회지, 21권 1호, pp. 139-147.
연경호, 문승현, 1999, “전기투석과 전기탈이온법에 의한 음용수에서의 질산성질소 제거”, 대한환경공학회, 21권 1호, pp. 87-99.
최승일, 김정민, 1995, “질산성질소 제거를 위한 이온교환법 활용에 관한 연구”, 한국물환경학회, 11권 2호, pp. 87-96.
환경부, 2007, 2006년 지하수 수질측정망 운영결과.
Almasri, M. N. and Kaluarachchi, J. J., 2004, “Assessment and management of long-term nitrate pollution of ground water in agriculture-dominated watersheds,” J. Hydrol., Vol. 295, pp. 225-245.
Chiu, H.-F., Tsai, S.-S. and Yang, C. Y., 2007, “Nitrate in drinking water and risk of death from bladder cancer: An ecological case-control study in Taiwan,” J. Toxicol. Environ. Hlth., Part A, Vol. 70, pp. 1000-1004.
De Roos, A. J., Ward, M. H., Lynch, C. F. and Cantor, K. P., 2003, “Nitrate in public water supplies and the risk of colon and rectum cancers,” Epidemiology, Vol. 14, No. 6, pp. 640-649.
Dore, M., Simon, Ph., Deguin, A. and Victot, J., 1986, “Removal of nitrate in drinking water by ion exchange-Impact on the chemical quality of treated water,” Water Res., Vol. 20, pp. 221-232.
Huang, Y. H. and Zhang, T. C., 2004, “Effects of low pH on nitrate reduction by iron powder,” Water Res., Vol. 38, pp. 2631-2642.
Ibarra, J. V., Moliner, R. and Palacios, J. M., 1991, “Catalytic effects of zinc chloride in the pyrolysis of spanish high sulphur coals,” Fuel, Vol. 70, pp. 727-732.
Kapoor, A. and Viraraghavan, T., 1997, “Nitrate removal from drinking water- A review,” J. Environ. Engg., ASCE, Vol. 123, pp. 371-380.
Mohanty, K., Jha, M., Meikap, B. C. and Biswas, M. N., 2005, “Removal of chromium (VI) from dilute aqueous solutions by activated carbon developed from Terminalia arjuna nuts activated with zinc chloride,” Chem. Engg. Sci., Vol. 60, pp. 3049-3059.
Kumar, M. and Chakraborty, S., 2006, “Chemical denitrification of water by zero-valent magnesium powder,” J. Hazard. Mater., Vol. B135, pp. 112-121.
Liu, A., Ming, J. and Ankumah, R. O., 2005, “Nitrate contamination in private wells in rural Alabama, United States,” Science of Total Environment, Vol. 346, pp. 112-120.
Majumdar, D. and Gupta, N., 2000, “Nitrate pollution of groundwater and associated human health disorders,” Indian J. of Environ. Health, Vol. 42, pp. 28-39.
Mohanty, K., Jha, M. Meikap, B. C. and Biswas, M. N., 2005, “Preparation and characterization of activated carbons from terminalia arjuna nut with zinc chloride activation for the removal of phenol from wastewater,” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., Vol. 44, pp. 4128-4138.
Pintar, A., Batista J. and Levec, J., 2001, “Catalytic denitrification: direct and indirect removal of nitrates from potable water,” Catalysis Today, Vol. 66, pp. 503-510.
Rodriguez-Reinoso, F. and Linares-Solano, A., 1988, Chapter 1. Microporous structure of activated carbons as revealed by adsorption methods, In Chemistry and Physics of Carbon, Vol. 21, P. A. Thrower, Ed., Marcel Dekker, New York.
Schoeman, J. J. and Steyn, A., 2003, “Nitrate removal with reverse osmosis in a rural area in South Africa,” Desalination, Vol. 155, pp. 15-26.
Snoeyink, V. L., 1990, “Adsorption of organic compounds. In: Pontius, F.W. (Ed.),” Water Quality and Treatment. McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, pp. 781-876.
Soares, M. I. M., 2000, “Biological denitrification of groundwater,” Water, Air, Soil Pollut., Vol. 123, pp. 183-193.
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Ward, M. H., deKok, T. M., Levallois, P., Brender, J., Gulis, G., Nolan, B. T. and VanDerslice, J., 2005, “Workgroup report: Drinking-water nitrate and health-Recent findings and research needs,” Environ. Health Perspect., Vol. 113, pp. 1607-1614.
Weber, T. W. and Chakravorti, R. K., 1974, “Pore and solid diffusion models for fixed bed adsorbers,” J. Am. Inst. Chem. Eng., Vol. 20, pp. 228-238.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering
Journal Title(Ko) :한국지구시스템공학회지
Volume : 44
No :6
Pages :492-499

[1] 이병희, 2005, “고농도 질산 및 아질산성 질소 함유폐수의 생물학적 탈질에 관한 연구”, 대한 상하수도학회지, 19권 4호, pp. 446-454.

[2] 이용주, 민지희, 김종호, 김한승, 2006, “이온교환수지와 나노여과막을 이용한 질산성질소의 제거특성 비교”, 대한상하수도학회 공동추계학술발표대회 논문집, 대한상하수도학회･한국물환경학회, 대구컨벤션센터, 11월 15-16일, pp. 171-176.

[3] 연경호, 이승학, 이관용, 박용민, 강상윤, 이재원, 최용수, 이상협, 2007, “메조기공 실리카에 부착된 영가철을 이용한 질산성질소의 환원”, 대한상하수도학회지, 21권 1호, pp. 139-147.

[4] 연경호, 문승현, 1999, “전기투석과 전기탈이온법에 의한 음용수에서의 질산성질소 제거”, 대한환경공학회, 21권 1호, pp. 87-99.

[5] 최승일, 김정민, 1995, “질산성질소 제거를 위한 이온교환법 활용에 관한 연구”, 한국물환경학회, 11권 2호, pp. 87-96.

[6] 환경부, 2007, 2006년 지하수 수질측정망 운영결과.

[7] Almasri, M. N. and Kaluarachchi, J. J., 2004, “Assessment and management of long-term nitrate pollution of ground water in agriculture-dominated watersheds,” J. Hydrol., Vol. 295, pp. 225-245.

[8] Chiu, H.-F., Tsai, S.-S. and Yang, C. Y., 2007, “Nitrate in drinking water and risk of death from bladder cancer: An ecological case-control study in Taiwan,” J. Toxicol. Environ. Hlth., Part A, Vol. 70, pp. 1000-1004.

[9] De Roos, A. J., Ward, M. H., Lynch, C. F. and Cantor, K. P., 2003, “Nitrate in public water supplies and the risk of colon and rectum cancers,” Epidemiology, Vol. 14, No. 6, pp. 640-649.

[10] Dore, M., Simon, Ph., Deguin, A. and Victot, J., 1986, “Removal of nitrate in drinking water by ion exchange-Impact on the chemical quality of treated water,” Water Res., Vol. 20, pp. 221-232.

[11] Huang, Y. H. and Zhang, T. C., 2004, “Effects of low pH on nitrate reduction by iron powder,” Water Res., Vol. 38, pp. 2631-2642.

[12] Ibarra, J. V., Moliner, R. and Palacios, J. M., 1991, “Catalytic effects of zinc chloride in the pyrolysis of spanish high sulphur coals,” Fuel, Vol. 70, pp. 727-732.

[13] Kapoor, A. and Viraraghavan, T., 1997, “Nitrate removal from drinking water- A review,” J. Environ. Engg., ASCE, Vol. 123, pp. 371-380.

[14] Mohanty, K., Jha, M., Meikap, B. C. and Biswas, M. N., 2005, “Removal of chromium (VI) from dilute aqueous solutions by activated carbon developed from Terminalia arjuna nuts activated with zinc chloride,” Chem. Engg. Sci., Vol. 60, pp. 3049-3059.

[15] Kumar, M. and Chakraborty, S., 2006, “Chemical denitrification of water by zero-valent magnesium powder,” J. Hazard. Mater., Vol. B135, pp. 112-121.

[16] Liu, A., Ming, J. and Ankumah, R. O., 2005, “Nitrate contamination in private wells in rural Alabama, United States,” Science of Total Environment, Vol. 346, pp. 112-120.

[17] Majumdar, D. and Gupta, N., 2000, “Nitrate pollution of groundwater and associated human health disorders,” Indian J. of Environ. Health, Vol. 42, pp. 28-39.

[18] Mohanty, K., Jha, M. Meikap, B. C. and Biswas, M. N., 2005, “Preparation and characterization of activated carbons from terminalia arjuna nut with zinc chloride activation for the removal of phenol from wastewater,” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., Vol. 44, pp. 4128-4138.

[19] Pintar, A., Batista J. and Levec, J., 2001, “Catalytic denitrification: direct and indirect removal of nitrates from potable water,” Catalysis Today, Vol. 66, pp. 503-510.

[20] Rodriguez-Reinoso, F. and Linares-Solano, A., 1988, Chapter 1. Microporous structure of activated carbons as revealed by adsorption methods, In Chemistry and Physics of Carbon, Vol. 21, P. A. Thrower, Ed., Marcel Dekker, New York.

[21] Schoeman, J. J. and Steyn, A., 2003, “Nitrate removal with reverse osmosis in a rural area in South Africa,” Desalination, Vol. 155, pp. 15-26.

[22] Snoeyink, V. L., 1990, “Adsorption of organic compounds. In: Pontius, F.W. (Ed.),” Water Quality and Treatment. McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, pp. 781-876.

[23] Soares, M. I. M., 2000, “Biological denitrification of groundwater,” Water, Air, Soil Pollut., Vol. 123, pp. 183-193.

[24] US Environmental Protection Agency, 2000, “Drinking water standards and health advisories,” US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, 822-B-00-001.

[25] Ward, M. H., deKok, T. M., Levallois, P., Brender, J., Gulis, G., Nolan, B. T. and VanDerslice, J., 2005, “Workgroup report: Drinking-water nitrate and health-Recent findings and research needs,” Environ. Health Perspect., Vol. 113, pp. 1607-1614.

[26] Weber, T. W. and Chakravorti, R. K., 1974, “Pore and solid diffusion models for fixed bed adsorbers,” J. Am. Inst. Chem. Eng., Vol. 20, pp. 228-238.

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