Simulation of Shovel-Truck Haulage Systems by Considering Truck Dispatch Methods

doi:10.12972/ksmer.2013.50.4.543

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2013 Vol.50, Issue 4 Preview Page Next Page

Research Paper

Simulation of Shovel-Truck Haulage Systems by Considering Truck Dispatch Methods 트럭배차 방식을 고려한 노천광산 쇼밸-트럭 운반 시스템의 시뮬레이션: 박세범 · 최요순
Sebeom Park, Yosoon Choi

31 August 2013. pp. 543-556

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Abstract

This paper presents a case study that performed simulations on shovel-truck haulage systems in open-pit mines by considering fixed and real-time truck dispatch methods. A limestone open-pit mine in Korea was selected and investigated to design the three kinds of simulation algorithms for the shovel-truck haulage system of ores. GPSS/H simulation language was utilized to develop the simulation programs. The parameter values for simulations were collected by field investigations. The simulation results showed that 7 trucks are required for a real-time truck dispatch system with double shovels to maximize the profit of shovel-truck haulage system.

Keywords

Open-pit mine

Shovel

Truck

Haulage system

Simulation

본 논문에서는 트럭의 배차방식을 고려하여 노천광산 쇼밸-트럭 운반 시스템의 시뮬레이션을 수행한 사례연구 결과를 제시한다. 국내 석회석 노천광산 현장을 연구지역으로 선정하여 광석의 쇼밸-트럭 운반 시스템에 대해 조사하고, 연구지역에서 고정 트럭배차 방식과 실시간 트럭배차 방식을 고려할 수 있는 세 가지 종류의 시뮬레이션 알고리즘을 설계하였다. GPSS/H 시뮬레이션 언어를 이용하여 시뮬레이션 프로그램을 개발하였으며, 현장조사를 통해 시뮬레이션에 필요한 인자 값들을 결정하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과 두 대의 쇼밸로 적재작업을 수행할 경우 7대의 트럭을 실시간 트럭배차 방식으로 운영하는 것이 최대의 수익을 기대할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

키워드

노천광산

쇼밸

트럭

운반 시스템

시뮬레이션

References

Aksoy, M. and Yalcin, E., 2000, “A computer program for open pit mine equipment selection: ruckMac,” Panagiotou, G.N. and Michalakopoulos, T.N (eds), Mine Planning and Equipment Selection 2000, Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands, pp. 499-503.
Alarie, S. and Gamache, M., 2002, “Overview of solution strategies used in truck dispatching systems for open pit mines,” International J. of Surface Mining, Reclamation and Environment, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 59-76.
Blackwell, G.H., 1999, “Estimation of large open pit haulage truck requirements,” CIM Bulletin, Vol. 92, No. 1028, pp. 143-149.
Bonates, E.J.L., 1996, “Interactive truck haulage simulation program,” Hennies, W.T., Ayres Da silva, L.A. and Chaves, A.P. (eds), Mine Planning and Equipment Selection 1996, Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands, pp. 51-57.
Cardu, M., Sacerdote, I., Magro, A. and Crosa, M., 2004, “Analysis of possible alternatives for the exploration and hauling system in a marl mine (Tavernola BG, Italy),” Hardygora, M., Paszkowska, G. and Sikora, M. (eds), Mine Planning and Equipment Selection 2004, Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK, pp. 543-551.
Choi, Y., 2011, “New software for simulating truck-shovel operation in open pit mines,” J. of the Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering, Vol. 48, No. 4, pp. 448-459.
Choi, Y. and Nieto. A., 2011a, “Optimal haulage routing of off-road dump trucks in construction and mining sites using Google Earth and a modified least-cost path algorithm,” Automation in Construction, Vol. 20, No. 7, pp. 982-997.
Choi, Y. and Nieto, A., 2011b, “Software for simulating open-pit truck/shovel haulage systems using Google Earth and GPSS/H”, J. of the Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering, Vol. 48, No. 6, pp. 734-743.
Choi, Y., Park, H,D., Sunwoo, C. and Clarke, K.C., 2009, “Multi-criteria evaluation and least-cost path analysis for optimal haulage routing of dump trucks in large scale open-pit mines,” International J. of Geographical Information Science, Vol. 23, No. 12, pp. 1541-1567.
Choi, Y., Suh, J.W., Park, H.D. and Sunwoo, C., 2008, “Application of GIS-based viewshed analysis for selecting optimal viewpoints and for evaluating the sight distance on a haul road in open-pit mines,” J. of the Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering, Vol. 45, No. 3, pp. 265-275.
Choi, Y., Sunwoo, C. and Park, H.D., 2007. “Analysis of optimal haulage routes for dump trucks in large open pit mines,” J. of the Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering, Vol. 44, No. 6, pp. 477-491.
Ercelebi, S.G. and Bascetin, A., 2009, “Optimization of shovel-truck system for surface mining,” The J. of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Vol. 109, pp. 433-439.
Hauck, R.F., 1979, “Computer-controlled truck dispatching in open-pit mines,” Weiss, A. (eds), Computer Methods for the 80’s in the Mineral Industry, Society of Mining Engineers of the American Institute of Minning, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, New York, USA, pp. 735-742.
Krause, A. and Musingwini, C., 2007, “Modelling open pit shovel-truck systems using the machine repair model,” The J. of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Vol. 107, pp. 469-476.
MKE and KIGAM, 2011, Annual report of mineral supply and demand status in korea, http://rik.kigam.re.kr/portal/, pp. 95-100. (Access at 09 July 2013).
Niemann-Delius, C. and Fedurek, B., 2004, “Computer-aided simulation of loading and transport in medium and small scale surface mines,” Hardygora, M., Paszkowska, G. and Sikora, M. (eds), Mine Planning and Equipment Selection 2004, Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK, pp. 579-584.
Oraee, K. and Asi, B., 2004, “Fuzzy model for truck allocation in surface mines,” Hardygora, M., Paszkowska, G. and Sikora, M. (eds), Mine Planning and Equipment Selection 2004, Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK, pp. 585-591.
Sturgul, J.R., 2000, Mine Design: Examples using Simulation, Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Littleton, USA, pp. 7-32.
Suboleski, S.C., 1975, Mine Systems Engineering Lecture Notes, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
Temeng, V.A., 1997, A Computerized Model for Truck Dispatching in Open Pit Mines, PhD dissertation, Michigan Technological University, Michigan, USA, pp. 1-12.
Yan, S. and Lai, W., 2007, “An optimal scheduling model for ready mixed concrete supply with overtime considerations,” Automation in Construction, Vol. 16, No. 6, pp. 734-744.
Zhang, H., 2008, “Multi-objective simulation-optimization for earthmoving operations,” Automation in Construction, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 79-86.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Journal Title(Ko) :한국자원공학회지
Volume : 50
No :4
Pages :543-556
DOI :https://doi.org/10.12972/ksmer.2013.50.4.543

[1] Aksoy, M. and Yalcin, E., 2000, “A computer program for open pit mine equipment selection: ruckMac,” Panagiotou, G.N. and Michalakopoulos, T.N (eds), Mine Planning and Equipment Selection 2000, Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands, pp. 499-503.

[2] Alarie, S. and Gamache, M., 2002, “Overview of solution strategies used in truck dispatching systems for open pit mines,” International J. of Surface Mining, Reclamation and Environment, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 59-76.

[3] Blackwell, G.H., 1999, “Estimation of large open pit haulage truck requirements,” CIM Bulletin, Vol. 92, No. 1028, pp. 143-149.

[4] Bonates, E.J.L., 1996, “Interactive truck haulage simulation program,” Hennies, W.T., Ayres Da silva, L.A. and Chaves, A.P. (eds), Mine Planning and Equipment Selection 1996, Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands, pp. 51-57.

[5] Cardu, M., Sacerdote, I., Magro, A. and Crosa, M., 2004, “Analysis of possible alternatives for the exploration and hauling system in a marl mine (Tavernola BG, Italy),” Hardygora, M., Paszkowska, G. and Sikora, M. (eds), Mine Planning and Equipment Selection 2004, Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK, pp. 543-551.

[6] Choi, Y., 2011, “New software for simulating truck-shovel operation in open pit mines,” J. of the Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering, Vol. 48, No. 4, pp. 448-459.

[7] Choi, Y. and Nieto. A., 2011a, “Optimal haulage routing of off-road dump trucks in construction and mining sites using Google Earth and a modified least-cost path algorithm,” Automation in Construction, Vol. 20, No. 7, pp. 982-997.

[8] Choi, Y. and Nieto, A., 2011b, “Software for simulating open-pit truck/shovel haulage systems using Google Earth and GPSS/H”, J. of the Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering, Vol. 48, No. 6, pp. 734-743.

[9] Choi, Y., Park, H,D., Sunwoo, C. and Clarke, K.C., 2009, “Multi-criteria evaluation and least-cost path analysis for optimal haulage routing of dump trucks in large scale open-pit mines,” International J. of Geographical Information Science, Vol. 23, No. 12, pp. 1541-1567.

[10] Choi, Y., Suh, J.W., Park, H.D. and Sunwoo, C., 2008, “Application of GIS-based viewshed analysis for selecting optimal viewpoints and for evaluating the sight distance on a haul road in open-pit mines,” J. of the Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering, Vol. 45, No. 3, pp. 265-275.

[11] Choi, Y., Sunwoo, C. and Park, H.D., 2007. “Analysis of optimal haulage routes for dump trucks in large open pit mines,” J. of the Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering, Vol. 44, No. 6, pp. 477-491.

[12] Ercelebi, S.G. and Bascetin, A., 2009, “Optimization of shovel-truck system for surface mining,” The J. of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Vol. 109, pp. 433-439.

[13] Hauck, R.F., 1979, “Computer-controlled truck dispatching in open-pit mines,” Weiss, A. (eds), Computer Methods for the 80’s in the Mineral Industry, Society of Mining Engineers of the American Institute of Minning, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, New York, USA, pp. 735-742.

[14] Krause, A. and Musingwini, C., 2007, “Modelling open pit shovel-truck systems using the machine repair model,” The J. of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Vol. 107, pp. 469-476.

[15] MKE and KIGAM, 2011, Annual report of mineral supply and demand status in korea, http://rik.kigam.re.kr/portal/, pp. 95-100. (Access at 09 July 2013).

[16] Niemann-Delius, C. and Fedurek, B., 2004, “Computer-aided simulation of loading and transport in medium and small scale surface mines,” Hardygora, M., Paszkowska, G. and Sikora, M. (eds), Mine Planning and Equipment Selection 2004, Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK, pp. 579-584.

[17] Oraee, K. and Asi, B., 2004, “Fuzzy model for truck allocation in surface mines,” Hardygora, M., Paszkowska, G. and Sikora, M. (eds), Mine Planning and Equipment Selection 2004, Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK, pp. 585-591.

[18] Sturgul, J.R., 2000, Mine Design: Examples using Simulation, Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Littleton, USA, pp. 7-32.

[19] Suboleski, S.C., 1975, Mine Systems Engineering Lecture Notes, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.

[20] Temeng, V.A., 1997, A Computerized Model for Truck Dispatching in Open Pit Mines, PhD dissertation, Michigan Technological University, Michigan, USA, pp. 1-12.

[21] Yan, S. and Lai, W., 2007, “An optimal scheduling model for ready mixed concrete supply with overtime considerations,” Automation in Construction, Vol. 16, No. 6, pp. 734-744.

[22] Zhang, H., 2008, “Multi-objective simulation-optimization for earthmoving operations,” Automation in Construction, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 79-86.

Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers ISSN:2288-0291(Print) 2288-2790(Online) 한국자원공학회지

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