Electrical Resistivity Measurements of Ultra-high Resistivity Materials by Voltmeter-ammeter Method

doi:10.12972/ksmer.2013.50.4.512

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2013 Vol.50, Issue 4 Preview Page Next Page

Research Paper

Electrical Resistivity Measurements of Ultra-high Resistivity Materials by Voltmeter-ammeter Method 인가전압에 의한 전류측정법으로 초고비저항 시편의 전기비저항 산출: 이상규 · 이태종 · 김형찬
Sang Kyu Lee, Tae Jong Lee, Hyoung Chan Kim

31 August 2013. pp. 512-524

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Abstract

A measurement system of ultra-high resistivity materials by voltmeter-ammeter method has been set up and factors affecting on the measurement of such ultra-high resistive materials have been discussed about by experiments with 5 kinds of glass samples in various conditions. An alternating polarity method can be effective in removing the DC offset of the measuring systems. Measured resistivity is also a function of applied voltage and electrification time, so that appropriate values for them has to be selected depending on the materials. The higher the resistivity, the longer the electrification time is needed. Measured electrical resistivity of the 5 kinds of glass samples were in the range of 3.20×1011∼7.55×1013 ohm-m, and showed very strong negative temperature dependency. Temperature coefficient of resistivity for the glass samples in this study showed —0.13∼－0.05 K-1.

Keywords

Voltmeter-ammeter method

Ultra-high resistivity

Electrical resistivity

Appplied voltage

Temperature coefficient of resistivity

이 연구에서는 전압계-전류계법에 의해 초고비저항 물질의 전기비저항을 측정할 수 있는 측정 시스템을 구축하고, 5종의 유리 시험편에 대해 다양한 조건에서 측정함으로써 초고비저항 시료의 전기비저항 측정에 영향을 미치는 요인들에 대해 고찰하였다. 측정시스템의 직류 오프셋은 극성교호법에 의해 측정함으로써 제거될 수 있으며, 인가전압의 세기는 시험편의 특성에 따라 각기 다르므로 시험편별로 적절한 인가전압의 세기를 결정하여 사용하여야 한다. 또한, 정전용량 전류의 영향을 배제한 직류 전기비저항 만을 알고자 하면 전기비저항이 높은 시편일수록 대전시간(electrification time)을 길게 하여야 한다. 측정이 가능한 5종 유리의 전기비저항은 3.20×1011∼7.55×1013 ohm-m의 범위로 측정되었고, 전기비저항 온도계수는 음의 값을 보여 전기비저항과 온도가 서로 반비례 관계를 보였다. 온도변화가 작은 구간에 대해서 직선접합을 통해 산출한 온도계수는 상온에서 －0.13∼－0.05 K-1 범위에 있었다.

키워드

전압계-전류계법

초고비저항

전기비저항

인가전압

온도계수

References

ASTM, 2007, Standard test methods for DC resistance or conductance of insulating materials, D 257-07.
Daire, A., 2001, Improving the Repeatability of Ultra-High Resistance and Resistivity Measurements, Keithley Instruments Inc., White Paper.
Fournier, P., Mohanty, P., Maiser, E., Darzens, S., Venkatesan, T., Lobb, C.J., Czjzek, G., Webb, R.A. and Greene, R.L., 1998, “Insulator-metal crossover near optimal doping in Pr_2-xCe_xCuO₄: Anomalous normal-state low temperature resistivity,” Physical Review Letters, Vol. 81, No. 21, pp. 4720-4723.
Hamed, F., 2010, “Positive and negative temperature dependence in the resistivity of crystallized Zr-Fe-Ni metallic glasses,” Materials 2010, Vol. 3, pp. 5212-5219.
Keithley Instruments Inc., 1999, Model 8009 Resistivity Test Fixture Instruction Manual.
Keithley Instruments Inc., 2001, Volume and surface Resistivity Measurements of Insulating Materials Using the Model 6517A Electrometer/High Resistance Meter, Application Note Series No. 314.
Keithley Instruments Inc., 2006, 저준위 측정 핸드북 제6판 – 정밀 직류 전류, 전압 및 저항 측정, No. 1559KR, 80450KSI.
Keithley Instruments Inc., 2007, Model 6524 High Resistance Measurement Software User's Manual.
Keithley Instruments Inc., 2008, Model 6517B Electrometer User's Manual.
Kim, Y. and Choi, Y.K., 1999, “Experimental verification on factors affecting core resistivity measurements,” J. of Korean Geophys. Soc., Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 225-233.
Lee, S.K. and Lee, T.J., 2009b, “Electrical resistivity of cylindrical cement core with successive substitution by electrolyte of different conductivity,” Jigu-Mulli-wa-Mulli-Tamsa, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 328-337.
Lee, S.K. and Lee. T.J., 2009a, “Characteristics of electrical resistivity of cylindrical cement core with respect to the conductivity and contents of pore water,” J. of Kor. Soc. Min. and Ener. Res. Eng., Vol. 46, No. 6, pp. 553-562.
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Seoul Special Glass Co. Ltd, 2013, Test Certificate.
Sridhar, M.V., Kar, P., Shrivastava, N. and Khatua, B.B., 2012, “Effect of nanoclay on positive temperature coefficient to resistivity characteristics of high density polyethylene/silver-coated glass bead composites,” Polymer Composites 2012, pp. 819-828.
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Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Journal Title(Ko) :한국자원공학회지
Volume : 50
No :4
Pages :512-524
DOI :https://doi.org/10.12972/ksmer.2013.50.4.512

[1] ASTM, 2007, Standard test methods for DC resistance or conductance of insulating materials, D 257-07.

[2] Daire, A., 2001, Improving the Repeatability of Ultra-High Resistance and Resistivity Measurements, Keithley Instruments Inc., White Paper.

[3] Fournier, P., Mohanty, P., Maiser, E., Darzens, S., Venkatesan, T., Lobb, C.J., Czjzek, G., Webb, R.A. and Greene, R.L., 1998, “Insulator-metal crossover near optimal doping in Pr_2-xCe_xCuO₄: Anomalous normal-state low temperature resistivity,” Physical Review Letters, Vol. 81, No. 21, pp. 4720-4723.

[4] Hamed, F., 2010, “Positive and negative temperature dependence in the resistivity of crystallized Zr-Fe-Ni metallic glasses,” Materials 2010, Vol. 3, pp. 5212-5219.

[5] Keithley Instruments Inc., 1999, Model 8009 Resistivity Test Fixture Instruction Manual.

[6] Keithley Instruments Inc., 2001, Volume and surface Resistivity Measurements of Insulating Materials Using the Model 6517A Electrometer/High Resistance Meter, Application Note Series No. 314.

[7] Keithley Instruments Inc., 2006, 저준위 측정 핸드북 제6판 – 정밀 직류 전류, 전압 및 저항 측정, No. 1559KR, 80450KSI.

[8] Keithley Instruments Inc., 2007, Model 6524 High Resistance Measurement Software User's Manual.

[9] Keithley Instruments Inc., 2008, Model 6517B Electrometer User's Manual.

[10] Kim, Y. and Choi, Y.K., 1999, “Experimental verification on factors affecting core resistivity measurements,” J. of Korean Geophys. Soc., Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 225-233.

[11] Lee, S.K. and Lee, T.J., 2009b, “Electrical resistivity of cylindrical cement core with successive substitution by electrolyte of different conductivity,” Jigu-Mulli-wa-Mulli-Tamsa, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 328-337.

[12] Lee, S.K. and Lee. T.J., 2009a, “Characteristics of electrical resistivity of cylindrical cement core with respect to the conductivity and contents of pore water,” J. of Kor. Soc. Min. and Ener. Res. Eng., Vol. 46, No. 6, pp. 553-562.

[13] Min, K.D., Suh, J.H. and Kwon, B.-D, 1987, 응용지구물리학, 우성문화사, 772p.

[14] Park, M.-K., 2005, “Laboratory study on the electrical resistivity characteristics with contents of clay minerals,” Mulli-Tamsa (Geophysical Exploration), Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 218-223.

[15] Park, S.-K., 2004, “Physical property factors controlling the electrical resistivity of subsurface,” Mulli-Tamsa (Geophysical Exploration), Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 130-135.

[16] Seoul Special Glass Co. Ltd, 2013, Test Certificate.

[17] Sridhar, M.V., Kar, P., Shrivastava, N. and Khatua, B.B., 2012, “Effect of nanoclay on positive temperature coefficient to resistivity characteristics of high density polyethylene/silver-coated glass bead composites,” Polymer Composites 2012, pp. 819-828.

[18] Telford, W.M., Geldart, L.P., Sheriff, R.E. and Keys, D.A., 1976, Applied geophysics, Cambridge Univ. Press.

[19] Wikipedia, 2013, http://en.wikipedia.org.

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