Geochemical Characteristics and Heavy Metal Distribution in Selected Volcanic Ash Soils in Jeju Island

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2006 Vol.43, Issue 6 Preview Page Next Page

Geochemical Characteristics and Heavy Metal Distribution in Selected Volcanic Ash Soils in Jeju Island 제주도 일부 화산회토양의 지화학적 특성 및 중금속원소 분포: 안주성, 전철민, 김구영, 고경석, 박기화
Joo Sung Ahn, Chul-Min Chon, Kue-Young Kim, Kyung-Seok Ko and Ki-Hwa Park

31 December 2006. pp. 602-614

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Abstract

Volcanic ash soils of 7 representative soil series (Andisols) on Jeju island were collected from each horizon to investigate geochemical and mineralogical characteristics. Heavy metal contents and their geochemical distribution were also investigated with particular focus on possible impacts to groundwater. The soil samples are dominantly composed of silty textures, and had acidic pH and high organic matters at the surface horizons. Less amounts of SiO2, and high contents of Al2O3 and Fe2O3 compared to other soil orders, are distinct characteristics of Andisols. General increase of Si, Al, and Fe contents and large amounts of gibbsite at the subsurface horizons suggested the downward migration of the major elements during the weathering. Mean total concentrations of Zn (127 mg/kg), Ni (183 mg/kg), Co (84 mg/kg), and Cr (677 mg/kg) were higher than the worldwide values in most of the soils, and in particular, the content of Cr exceeded 1,000 mg/kg in some samples. Correlations with major elements and chemical forms of heavy metals indicated their ferromagnesian mineral origin and secondary associations with Fe and Al oxides after leaching. Heavy metals are present as environmentally safe phases which have low potential to impact groundwater quality. However, geochemical characteristics may be changed from the adverse influence of soil farming, and further detailed investigations are required to evaluate the mobility of heavy metals in soil and groundwater environment.

Keywords

Volcanic ash soil

Heavy metal

Jeju island

Groundwater

일반토양과는 상이한 특성을 가지는 제주도 화산회토양을 대상으로 지화학적 및 광물학적 특성을 고찰하고 중금속 원소 함량과 지구화학적 분포특성을 규명하여 하부 지하수로의 잠재적인 영향을 평가하고자 하였다. 화산회토양 시료는 7개 대표 토양통을 선정하고 단면 층위를 고려하여 채취하였으며 토양의 물리화학적 특성, 주구성성분 및 광물조성을 분석하였다. 토양시료는 실트질이 우세한 토성과 산성 pH 및 지표에서 높은 유기물함량을 가지며 일반토양에 비해 상대적으로 낮은 SiO2 함량과 높은 Al2O3 및 Fe2O3 함량으로 전형적인 화산회 토양의 특성을 나타내었다. 주성분 원소들은 Si, Al, Fe 함량이 하부 층위에서 증가하여 풍화과정에서 용탈된 이들 원소들이 하부에서 집적되는 양상을 보이며 이는 상당량의 깁사이트 광물 존재로도 확인된다. 중금속원소의 총함량 분석결과, 모든 화산회 토양시료에서 Zn, Ni, Co, Cr 원소의 평균함량이 각각 127, 183, 84, 677 mg/kg으로서 일반적인 세계 토양내 평균함량을 크게 초과하는 것으로 나타나며, 특히 Cr의 함량은 1,000 mg/kg 이상으로 나타나기도 한다. 주성분원소와의 상관성 및 화학적 형태 분석결과에서 이들 중금속원소들은 토양내 철고토 광물에서 유래하였으며 풍화과정에서 2차 철 및 알루미늄 산화물과의 결합형태로 주로 존재하고 있다. 이러한 양상은 중금속 원소들이 환경적으로 안정하여 하부 지하수계로의 영향은 낮을 것으로 예상하지만, 토양경작 등의 외부적 요인에 의해 특성변화가 있을 수 있으며 향후 토양 및 지하수 환경에서의 중금속 이동성에 대한 보다 정밀한 평가가 요구된다.

키워드

화산회토양

중금속

제주도

지하수

References

농업기술연구소, 1976, 제주도 정밀토양도.
농촌진흥청, 2003, 토양조사 이론과 실무기술, 농촌진흥청 호남농업시험장, 300 pp.
환경부, 2006a, 2005년도 토양 측정망 및 실태조사 결과.
환경부, 2006b, 2005 토양오염우려기준 초과지역 정밀조사 결과.
Ahn, J.S., Park, Y.S., Kim, J.Y. and Kim, K.W., 2005, “Mineralogical and Geochemical Characterization of Arsenic in an Abandoned Mine Tailings of Korea”, Environmental Geochemistry and Health, Vol. 27, pp. 147-157.
Becquer, T., Quantin, C., Sicot, M. and Boudot, J.P., 2003, “Chromium Availability in Ultramafic Soils from New Caledonia”, Sci. Tot. Environ., Vol. 301, pp. 251-261.
Becquer, T., Quantin, C., Rotte-Capet, S., Ghanbaja, J., Mustin, C. and Herbillon, A.J., 2006, “Sources of Trace Metals in Ferralsols in New Caledonia”, European Journal of Soil Science, Vol. 57, pp. 200-213.
Burt, R., Wilson, M.A., Mays, M.D. and Lee, C.W., 2003, “Major and Trace Elements of Selected Pedons in the USA”, J. Environ. Qual., Vol. 32, pp. 2109-2121.
Dold, B., 2003, “Speciaton of the Most Soluble Phases in a Sequential Extraction Procedure Adapted for Geochemical Studies of Copper Sulfide Mine Waste”, J. Geochem. Explor., Vol. 80, pp. 55-68.
Garnier, J., Quantin, C., Martins, E.S. and Becquer, T., 2006, “Solid Speciation and Availability of Chromium in Ultramafic Soils from Niquelandia, Brazil”, J. Geochem. Explor., Vol. 88, pp. 206-209.
Gee, G.W. and Or, D., 2002, Particle-Size Analysis. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 4. Physical Methods. J. Dane and GC Topp (eds.). Soil Sci. Soc. Am Madison, WI, pp. 255-294.
Gupta, S.K., Vollmer, M.K., and Krebs, R., 1996, “The Importance of Mobile, Mobilisable and Pseudo Total Heavy Metal Fractions in Soil for Three-Level Risk Assessment and Risk Management”, Sci. Tot. Environ., Vol. 178, pp. 11-20.
Kabata-Pendias, A. and Pendias, H., 2001, Trace Elements in Soils and Plants, CRC Press, Boca raton, Fla. 413 pp.
Massoura, S.T., Echevarria, G., Becquer, T., Ghanbaja, J., Leclerc-Cessac, E. and Morel, J.L., 2006, “Control of Nickel Availability by Nickel Bearing Minerals in Natural and Anthropogenic Soils”, Geoderma, Vol. 136, pp. 28-37.
Nanzyo, M., 2003, “Unique Properties of Volcanic Ash Soils”, Global Environmental Research. Vol. 6, pp. 99-112.
NIAST, 2000, Taxanomical Classification of Korean Soils, National Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology.
Robles-Camacho, J. and Armienta, M.A., 2000, “Natural Chromium Contamination of Groundwater at Leon Valley, Mexico”, J. Geochem. Explor., Vol. 68, pp. 167-181.
Sahuquillo, A., Lopez-Sanchez, J.F., Rubio, R., Rauret, G., Thomas, R.P., Davidson, C.M. and Ure, A.M., 1999, “Use of a Certified Reference Material for Extractable Trace Metals to Assess Sources of Uncertainty in the BCR Three-Stage Sequential Extraction Procedure”, Anal. Chim. Acta, Vol. 382, pp. 317-327.
Shin, J. S. and Stoops, G., 1988, “Composition and Genesis of Volcanic Ash Soils in Jeju Island.Ⅰ. Physico- Chemical and Macro-Micromorphological Properties”, 한국광물학회지, 제1권, pp. 32-39.
Takeda, A., Kimura, K. and Yamasaki, S., 2004, “Analysis of 57 Elements in Japanese Soils, with Special Reference to Soil Group and Agriculture Use”, Geoderma, Vol. 119, pp. 291-307.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering
Journal Title(Ko) :한국지구시스템공학회지
Volume : 43
No :6
Pages :602-614

[1] 농업기술연구소, 1976, 제주도 정밀토양도.

[2] 농촌진흥청, 2003, 토양조사 이론과 실무기술, 농촌진흥청 호남농업시험장, 300 pp.

[3] 환경부, 2006a, 2005년도 토양 측정망 및 실태조사 결과.

[4] 환경부, 2006b, 2005 토양오염우려기준 초과지역 정밀조사 결과.

[5] Ahn, J.S., Park, Y.S., Kim, J.Y. and Kim, K.W., 2005, “Mineralogical and Geochemical Characterization of Arsenic in an Abandoned Mine Tailings of Korea”, Environmental Geochemistry and Health, Vol. 27, pp. 147-157.

[6] Becquer, T., Quantin, C., Sicot, M. and Boudot, J.P., 2003, “Chromium Availability in Ultramafic Soils from New Caledonia”, Sci. Tot. Environ., Vol. 301, pp. 251-261.

[7] Becquer, T., Quantin, C., Rotte-Capet, S., Ghanbaja, J., Mustin, C. and Herbillon, A.J., 2006, “Sources of Trace Metals in Ferralsols in New Caledonia”, European Journal of Soil Science, Vol. 57, pp. 200-213.

[8] Burt, R., Wilson, M.A., Mays, M.D. and Lee, C.W., 2003, “Major and Trace Elements of Selected Pedons in the USA”, J. Environ. Qual., Vol. 32, pp. 2109-2121.

[9] Dold, B., 2003, “Speciaton of the Most Soluble Phases in a Sequential Extraction Procedure Adapted for Geochemical Studies of Copper Sulfide Mine Waste”, J. Geochem. Explor., Vol. 80, pp. 55-68.

[10] Garnier, J., Quantin, C., Martins, E.S. and Becquer, T., 2006, “Solid Speciation and Availability of Chromium in Ultramafic Soils from Niquelandia, Brazil”, J. Geochem. Explor., Vol. 88, pp. 206-209.

[11] Gee, G.W. and Or, D., 2002, Particle-Size Analysis. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 4. Physical Methods. J. Dane and GC Topp (eds.). Soil Sci. Soc. Am Madison, WI, pp. 255-294.

[12] Gupta, S.K., Vollmer, M.K., and Krebs, R., 1996, “The Importance of Mobile, Mobilisable and Pseudo Total Heavy Metal Fractions in Soil for Three-Level Risk Assessment and Risk Management”, Sci. Tot. Environ., Vol. 178, pp. 11-20.

[13] Kabata-Pendias, A. and Pendias, H., 2001, Trace Elements in Soils and Plants, CRC Press, Boca raton, Fla. 413 pp.

[14] Massoura, S.T., Echevarria, G., Becquer, T., Ghanbaja, J., Leclerc-Cessac, E. and Morel, J.L., 2006, “Control of Nickel Availability by Nickel Bearing Minerals in Natural and Anthropogenic Soils”, Geoderma, Vol. 136, pp. 28-37.

[15] Nanzyo, M., 2003, “Unique Properties of Volcanic Ash Soils”, Global Environmental Research. Vol. 6, pp. 99-112.

[16] NIAST, 2000, Taxanomical Classification of Korean Soils, National Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology.

[17] Robles-Camacho, J. and Armienta, M.A., 2000, “Natural Chromium Contamination of Groundwater at Leon Valley, Mexico”, J. Geochem. Explor., Vol. 68, pp. 167-181.

[18] Sahuquillo, A., Lopez-Sanchez, J.F., Rubio, R., Rauret, G., Thomas, R.P., Davidson, C.M. and Ure, A.M., 1999, “Use of a Certified Reference Material for Extractable Trace Metals to Assess Sources of Uncertainty in the BCR Three-Stage Sequential Extraction Procedure”, Anal. Chim. Acta, Vol. 382, pp. 317-327.

[19] Shin, J. S. and Stoops, G., 1988, “Composition and Genesis of Volcanic Ash Soils in Jeju Island.Ⅰ. Physico- Chemical and Macro-Micromorphological Properties”, 한국광물학회지, 제1권, pp. 32-39.

[20] Takeda, A., Kimura, K. and Yamasaki, S., 2004, “Analysis of 57 Elements in Japanese Soils, with Special Reference to Soil Group and Agriculture Use”, Geoderma, Vol. 119, pp. 291-307.

Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers ISSN:2288-0291(Print) 2288-2790(Online) 한국자원공학회지

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