Effects of Well Fluids Characteristics on the Design of Offshore Gas Production System: Case Studies of Western Australian Gas Fields

doi:10.12972/ksmer.2013.50.3.409

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2013 Vol.50, Issue 3 Preview Page Next Page

Technical Report

Effects of Well Fluids Characteristics on the Design of Offshore Gas Production System: Case Studies of Western Australian Gas Fields 해양가스전 생산시스템 설계 시 고려할 유체 특성: 서호주 가스전 사례 연구: 김자경 · 양동우 · 장대준 · 임종세 · 서유택
Jakyung Kim, Dong Woo Yang, Daejun Chang, Jong-Se Lim and Yutaek Seo

30 June 2013. pp. 409-421

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Abstract

This paper discusses the effect of chemical and physical properties of produced fluids on the design of offshore gas-condensate production system. The status of Western Australian gas projects is reviewed along with the expected composition of natural gas from offshore wells. NWS, Pluto, and Gorgon projects in Carnarvon Basin are reviewed and then Browse and Ichthys projects in Browse Basin are reviewed as well. It is noted that the carbon dioxide concentration in natural gas from Gorgon wells is 14.0 mol%, which is higher than that of any other gas wells in Carnarvon basin. When selecting the field development concept, it needs to consider the product, reservoir production strategy, surface production facilities, and production rate. This paper details each topics considering the status of Western Australian gas fields. During the design of offshore production facilities flow assurance issues has to be considered. Among various issues of flow assurance, hydrate, wax, and corrosion are discussed in this paper along with the detailed design modification in one of Western Australian offshore gas fields.

Keywords

Natural gas fields

production system

Flow Assurance

fluids characteristics

이 논문에서는 천연가스 생산을 위한 해양 플랜트 설계과정에서 생산 유체의 물리 화학적 특성이 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 서호주 지역에서 진행 중인 가스전 프로젝트들의 진행상황을 살펴보고, 생산되는 천연가스의 조성을 통해 생산 유체의 특성을 논하였다. Carnarbon Basin의 NWS, Pluto, Gorgon 프로젝트를 살펴보고, 이어서 Browse Basin의 Browse와 Ichthys 프로젝트를 살펴보았다. Gorgon 가스전의 경우 생산되는 천연가스의 이산화탄소 농도가 14.0 mol%로 가장 높았으며, Browse와 Ichthys 가스전도 각각 9.8, 8.5 mol%로 높다. 따라서 이산화탄소의 분리 및 주입 프로젝트가 별도로 진행 중이다. 가스전 개발을 계획하는 단계에서의 고려 사항과 생산 시스템 설계에서 유동안정성 확보를 위해 고려해야할 사항을 함께 고찰하였다. 하이드레이트와 왁스, 부식 문제를 중점적으로 살펴보았으며, 실제 가스전 설계에서 해당 문제들을 해결하기위해 적용된 설계 사례를 고찰해보았다. 모든 서호주 가스전에서 하이드레이트 문제로 인해 MEG 주입 및 재생 공정이 생산 시스템에 추가되었으며, 왁스의 경우에는 특정 가스전에서만 문제시 되는 경향이 있다. 부식의 경우 천연가스에 포함된 이산화탄소의 농도가 높은 경우 문제가 되기 때문에, 이를 해결하기 위해 부식억제합금을 배관에 적용하고 있다.

키워드

천연가스전

생산 시스템

유동안정성 확보

유체 특성

References

Bai, Y. and Bai, Q., 2010, Subsea Engineering Handbook, 1st Ed., Vol. 1, Elsevier, Massachusetts, USA.
Brustad, S., Loken, K. -P. and Waalmann, J. G., 2005, “Hydrate Prevention using MEG instead of MeOH: Impact of experience from major Norwegian developments on technology selection for injection and recovery of MEG,” Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, Texas, May 2-5, OTC 17355.
Cameron, 2011, Current Gas Hydrate Flow Assurance Strategies, Cameron, Texas, USA, pp. 3-4.
Department of Mines and Petroleum, 2011, Petroleum in Western Australia, Department of Mines and Petroleum, East Perth, Western Australia, pp. 7-8.
Energy Quest, 2011, Energy Quarterly, Energy Quest, Adelaide, South Australia, pp. 74-80.
International Energy Agency, 2011, World Energy Outlook, IEA, Paris, France.
Ito, S. and Sugaya, S., 2010 “Outline of the Ichthys project in Australia and the Abadi project in Indonesia undertaken by Inpex,” 16th International Conference and Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas, ITE Group Plc., Oran, Algeria, April 18-21, Paper PS5-4.
Jang, Y. H., Blanco, M., Creek, J., Tang, Y. and Goddard, W. A., 2007, “Wax Inhibition by Comb-like Polymers: Support of the Incorporation-Perturbation Mechanism from Molecular Dynamics Simulations,” J. of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 111, No. 46, pp. 13173-13179.
Kaczmarski, A. A. and Lorimer, S. E., 2001, “Emergence of Flow Assurance as a Technical Discipline Specific to Deepwater: Technical Challenges and Integration into Subsea Systems Engineering,” Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, Texas, April 30-May 3, OTC 13123.
Kwon, O.K., Ryu, S.S. and Sun, D.S., 2001, “Studies on production optimization and compressor installation with an integrated reservoir-network model for Donghae-1 gas field,” J. of the Korean Institute of Mineral and Energy Resource Engineers, Vol. 38, No. 6, pp. 472-481
Lake, W. L., 2006, Petroleum Engineering Handbook, 1st Ed., Vol. 6, Society of Petroleum Engineers, Texas, USA.
Olsen, S., Dugstad, A.,Lunde, O. and Gassanlegs, K., 1999, “pH-Stabilization in the Troll Gas-Condensate Pipelines,” CORROSION 99, NACE International, San Antonio, Texas, April 25-30, Paper No. 19.
Ryu, S.S., Sun, D.S. and Kwon, O.K., 2001, “A study on development options of Donghae-1 gas field Block 6-1, Offshore Korea,” J. of the Korean Institute of Mineral and Energy Resource Engineers, Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 84-90.
Ryu, S.S. and Sung, W.M., 2000, “A study on the engineering aspects for the development of offshore gas fields,” J. of the Korean Institute of Mineral and Energy Resource Engineers, Vol. 37, No. 6, pp. 465-472.
Wilson, A., Overaa, S. J. and Holm, H., 2004, “Ormen Lange – Flow assurance challgens,” Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, Texas, May 3-6, OTC 16555.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Journal Title(Ko) :한국자원공학회지
Volume : 50
No :3
Pages :409-421
DOI :https://doi.org/10.12972/ksmer.2013.50.3.409

[1] Bai, Y. and Bai, Q., 2010, Subsea Engineering Handbook, 1st Ed., Vol. 1, Elsevier, Massachusetts, USA.

[2] Brustad, S., Loken, K. -P. and Waalmann, J. G., 2005, “Hydrate Prevention using MEG instead of MeOH: Impact of experience from major Norwegian developments on technology selection for injection and recovery of MEG,” Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, Texas, May 2-5, OTC 17355.

[3] Cameron, 2011, Current Gas Hydrate Flow Assurance Strategies, Cameron, Texas, USA, pp. 3-4.

[4] Department of Mines and Petroleum, 2011, Petroleum in Western Australia, Department of Mines and Petroleum, East Perth, Western Australia, pp. 7-8.

[5] Energy Quest, 2011, Energy Quarterly, Energy Quest, Adelaide, South Australia, pp. 74-80.

[6] International Energy Agency, 2011, World Energy Outlook, IEA, Paris, France.

[7] Ito, S. and Sugaya, S., 2010 “Outline of the Ichthys project in Australia and the Abadi project in Indonesia undertaken by Inpex,” 16th International Conference and Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas, ITE Group Plc., Oran, Algeria, April 18-21, Paper PS5-4.

[8] Jang, Y. H., Blanco, M., Creek, J., Tang, Y. and Goddard, W. A., 2007, “Wax Inhibition by Comb-like Polymers: Support of the Incorporation-Perturbation Mechanism from Molecular Dynamics Simulations,” J. of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 111, No. 46, pp. 13173-13179.

[9] Kaczmarski, A. A. and Lorimer, S. E., 2001, “Emergence of Flow Assurance as a Technical Discipline Specific to Deepwater: Technical Challenges and Integration into Subsea Systems Engineering,” Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, Texas, April 30-May 3, OTC 13123.

[10] Kwon, O.K., Ryu, S.S. and Sun, D.S., 2001, “Studies on production optimization and compressor installation with an integrated reservoir-network model for Donghae-1 gas field,” J. of the Korean Institute of Mineral and Energy Resource Engineers, Vol. 38, No. 6, pp. 472-481

[11] Lake, W. L., 2006, Petroleum Engineering Handbook, 1st Ed., Vol. 6, Society of Petroleum Engineers, Texas, USA.

[12] Olsen, S., Dugstad, A.,Lunde, O. and Gassanlegs, K., 1999, “pH-Stabilization in the Troll Gas-Condensate Pipelines,” CORROSION 99, NACE International, San Antonio, Texas, April 25-30, Paper No. 19.

[13] Ryu, S.S., Sun, D.S. and Kwon, O.K., 2001, “A study on development options of Donghae-1 gas field Block 6-1, Offshore Korea,” J. of the Korean Institute of Mineral and Energy Resource Engineers, Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 84-90.

[14] Ryu, S.S. and Sung, W.M., 2000, “A study on the engineering aspects for the development of offshore gas fields,” J. of the Korean Institute of Mineral and Energy Resource Engineers, Vol. 37, No. 6, pp. 465-472.

[15] Wilson, A., Overaa, S. J. and Holm, H., 2004, “Ormen Lange – Flow assurance challgens,” Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, Texas, May 3-6, OTC 16555.

Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers ISSN:2288-0291(Print) 2288-2790(Online) 한국자원공학회지

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