A Consideration for the Shear Strength of Discontinuity

doi:10.12972/ksmer.2014.51.4.610

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2014 Vol.51, Issue 4 Preview Page

General Remarks

A Consideration for the Shear Strength of Discontinuity 불연속면의 전단강도에 대한 고찰: 선우춘
Choon Sunwoo

31 August 2014. pp. 610-624

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Abstract

This paper summarizes the existing documents and provides the informations such as the shear strength parameters of the discontinuity, impact elements, failure criteria and shear stiffness. We have the difficulties in the engineering design and safety analysis of the rock structures associated with discontinuities. The problem of scale effects occurrs as the surface area of the sample in the laboratory test is usually much smaller than the one in the in-situ test. The shear strength of discontinuity is influenced by the degree of alteration and weathering, roughness of surface, thickness and nature of the filling, water content, and the relative displacement of the discontinuity. Therefore, the shear strength parameters should be obtained for a range of normal stressescorresponding to the field condition. If the values reported in the geotechnical papers have been determined for the normal stresses different from the case being applied, they may not be applicable.

Keywords

Discontinuity

Shear strength

Filling

Size effect

Stiffness

기존의 문헌들을 요약 정리함으로써 암반에서 공학적 구조물을 구축할 때 설계와 안전성 해석에서 어려움을 겪는 불연속면과 관련된 강도특성, 강도에 미치는 영향요소, 파괴기준, 전단 강성 등에 대한 정보를 제공하고자 한다. 전단 강도에 대한 실내시험은 시료 면적이 현장 불연속면의 면적보다 훨씬 작기 때문에 크기 효과의 문제를 갖는다. 불연속면의 전단강도는 불연속면의 변질정도, 거칠기, 충전물의 특성 및 두께, 함수율 그리고 불연속면에서 생긴 변위 등에 의해서도 많은 영향을 받는다. 실내시험의 값이 타당성을 갖는 전단강도의 변수 값들을 구하기 위해서는 현장조건과 일치하는 수직응력의 범위에서 수행되어야 한다. 따라서 문헌들에서 제시되고 있는 값들을 인용할 때는 인용 값이 적용대상과 다른 수직응력의 범위에서 결정이 되었다면 특별한 주의를 기울여야 한다.

키워드

불연속면

전단강도

충전물

크기효과

강성

References

Bandis, S., Lumsden, A. and Barton, N., 1981, “Experimental studies on scale effects on the shear behaviour of rock joints,” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Science and Geomechanics Abstracts, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 1-21.
Bandis, S., Lumsden, A. and Barton, N., 1983, “Fundamentals of rock joint deformation,” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Science and Geomechanics Abstracts, Vol. 20, No. 6, pp. 249-268.
Bandis, S., 1993, “Engineering properties and characterization of rock discontinuities,” Comprehensive Rock Engineering (eds J.A. Hudson, E.T. Brown, C. Fairhurst & E. Hoek), Pergamon Press, Oxford, Vol. 1, pp. 155-183.
Barton, N., 1971, “A relationship between joint roughness and joint shear strength,” Rock fracture, In Proceedings of International Symposium on Rock Fracture, Nancy, pp. 1-8.
Barton, N., 1973, “Review of a new shear strength criterion for rock joints,” Engineering Geology, Vol. 7, pp. 287-332.
Barton, N., 1974, “A Review of the Shear Strength of Filled Discontinuities in Rock,” Norwegian Geotechnical Institute Publication, No. 105.
Barton, N., 1982, “Shear strength investigations for surface mining,” In Stability in Surface Mining, Proceedings of 3^rd International Conference(ed. co Brawner), Vancouver, British Columbia, Society of Mining Engineers, pp. 171-196.
Barton, N., 1986, “Deformation phenomena in jointed rock,” Geotechnique, Vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 147-167.
Barton, N. and Choubey, V., 1977, “The shear strength of rock joints in theory and practice,” Rock Mechanics, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 1-54.
Barton, N. and Bandis, S., 1980, “Some effects of scale on the shear strength of joints,” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Science and Geomechanics Abstracts, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 69-73.
Barton, N. and Bandis, S., 1982, “Effects of block size on the shear behaviour of jointed rock,” Issues in rock mechanics, In Proceedings of 23rd US Symposium of Rock Mechanics, Berkeley, California, AIME, New York, pp. 739-760.
Deere, D.U. and Miller, R., 1966, “Engineering classification and index properties for intact rock,” Technical Report No. AFWL-TR-65-116, Air Force Weapons Lab., Kirtland Base, New Mexico.
Duncan, J.M. and Chang, C.Y., 1970, “Non-linear analysis of stress and strain soils,” J. of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Div ASCE, Vol. 96, pp. 1629- 1655.
Flores, G. and Karzulovic, A., 2003, “Geotechnical Guidelines. Geotechnical Characterization,” ICS-II Caving Study, Task 4, JKMRC, Brisbane.
Goodman, R.E., 1970, “Deformability of joints,” Determination of the In Situ Modulus of Deformation of Rock, ASTM STP 477, ASTM, Ann Arbor, Michigan, pp. 174-196.
Goodman, R.E., 1976, “Methods of Geological Engineering in Discontinuous Rocks,” West Publishing, New York.
Goodman, R.E., 1989, “Introduction to Rock Mechanics,” 2nd ed., Wiley, New York, p. 478.
Goodman, R.E., Taylor, R. and Brekke, T., 1968, “A model for the mechanics of jointed rock,” J. of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Div ASCE, Vol. 96, pp. 637-659.
Hencher, S.R. and Richards, L.R., 1982, “The basic frictional resistance of sheeting joints in Hong Kong granite,” Hong Kong Engineer, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 21-25.
Hencher, S.R. and Richards, L.R., 1989, “Laboratory direct shear testing of rock discontinuities,” Ground Engineering, March, pp. 24-3l.
Hoek, E., 2002, “Practical Rock Engineering,” Notes available online at http://www.rocscience.com.
Hoek, E. and Bray, J., 1981, “Rock Slope Engineering,” 3rd ed. IMM, London.
Holtz, R.D. and Kovacs, W.D., 1981, “Introduction to Geotechnical Engineering,” Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.
ISRM, 2007, The Complete ISRM Suggested Methods for Rock Characterisation, Testing and Monitoring, 1974- 2006 (eds. R. Ulusay & Hudson J.A.), ISRM Turkish National Group, Ankara, Turkey.
Kulhawy, F., 1975, “Stress deformation properties of rock and rock discontinuities,” Engineering Geology, Vol. 9, pp. 327-350.
Patton, F.D., 1966, “Multiple modes of shear failure in rock,” Proceedings of 1st Congress of International Society of Rock Mechanics, Lisbon, I, pp. 509-513.
Priest, S.D., 1993, “Discontinuity Analysis for Rock Engineering,” Chapman & Hall, London, p. 473.
Simons, N., Menzies, B. and Matthews, M., 2001, “A Short Course in Soil and Rock Slope Engineering,” Tomas Telford, London.
Tse, R. and Cruden, D.M., 1979, “Estimating joint roughness coefficients,” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Science and Geomechanics Abstracts, Vol. 16, No. 5, pp. 303-307.
Wittke, W., 1990, “Rock Mechanics,” Theory and Applications with Case Histories, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Wyllie, D.C. and Mah, C.W., 2004, “Rock Slope Engineering,” Civil and Mining, 4th ed. Spon Press, London.
Wyllie, D.C., 1992, “Foundations on Rock,” E and FN Spon, London.
Wyllie, D.C. and Norrish, N.I., 1996, “Rock strength properties and their measurement,” In Landslides Investigation and Mitigation, Special Report 247 (eds Turner A.K. and R. Schuster), Transportation Research Board, NRC, National Academy Press, Washington DC, pp. 372-390.
Zhang, L., 2005, “Engineering Properties of Rocks,” Elsevier GeoEngineering Book Series, Vol. 4, Elsevier, Amsterdam.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Journal Title(Ko) :한국자원공학회지
Volume : 51
No :4
Pages :610-624
DOI :https://doi.org/10.12972/ksmer.2014.51.4.610

[1] Bandis, S., Lumsden, A. and Barton, N., 1981, “Experimental studies on scale effects on the shear behaviour of rock joints,” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Science and Geomechanics Abstracts, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 1-21.

[2] Bandis, S., Lumsden, A. and Barton, N., 1983, “Fundamentals of rock joint deformation,” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Science and Geomechanics Abstracts, Vol. 20, No. 6, pp. 249-268.

[3] Bandis, S., 1993, “Engineering properties and characterization of rock discontinuities,” Comprehensive Rock Engineering (eds J.A. Hudson, E.T. Brown, C. Fairhurst & E. Hoek), Pergamon Press, Oxford, Vol. 1, pp. 155-183.

[4] Barton, N., 1971, “A relationship between joint roughness and joint shear strength,” Rock fracture, In Proceedings of International Symposium on Rock Fracture, Nancy, pp. 1-8.

[5] Barton, N., 1973, “Review of a new shear strength criterion for rock joints,” Engineering Geology, Vol. 7, pp. 287-332.

[6] Barton, N., 1974, “A Review of the Shear Strength of Filled Discontinuities in Rock,” Norwegian Geotechnical Institute Publication, No. 105.

[7] Barton, N., 1982, “Shear strength investigations for surface mining,” In Stability in Surface Mining, Proceedings of 3^rd International Conference(ed. co Brawner), Vancouver, British Columbia, Society of Mining Engineers, pp. 171-196.

[8] Barton, N., 1986, “Deformation phenomena in jointed rock,” Geotechnique, Vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 147-167.

[9] Barton, N. and Choubey, V., 1977, “The shear strength of rock joints in theory and practice,” Rock Mechanics, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 1-54.

[10] Barton, N. and Bandis, S., 1980, “Some effects of scale on the shear strength of joints,” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Science and Geomechanics Abstracts, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 69-73.

[11] Barton, N. and Bandis, S., 1982, “Effects of block size on the shear behaviour of jointed rock,” Issues in rock mechanics, In Proceedings of 23rd US Symposium of Rock Mechanics, Berkeley, California, AIME, New York, pp. 739-760.

[12] Deere, D.U. and Miller, R., 1966, “Engineering classification and index properties for intact rock,” Technical Report No. AFWL-TR-65-116, Air Force Weapons Lab., Kirtland Base, New Mexico.

[13] Duncan, J.M. and Chang, C.Y., 1970, “Non-linear analysis of stress and strain soils,” J. of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Div ASCE, Vol. 96, pp. 1629- 1655.

[14] Flores, G. and Karzulovic, A., 2003, “Geotechnical Guidelines. Geotechnical Characterization,” ICS-II Caving Study, Task 4, JKMRC, Brisbane.

[15] Goodman, R.E., 1970, “Deformability of joints,” Determination of the In Situ Modulus of Deformation of Rock, ASTM STP 477, ASTM, Ann Arbor, Michigan, pp. 174-196.

[16] Goodman, R.E., 1976, “Methods of Geological Engineering in Discontinuous Rocks,” West Publishing, New York.

[17] Goodman, R.E., 1989, “Introduction to Rock Mechanics,” 2nd ed., Wiley, New York, p. 478.

[18] Goodman, R.E., Taylor, R. and Brekke, T., 1968, “A model for the mechanics of jointed rock,” J. of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Div ASCE, Vol. 96, pp. 637-659.

[19] Hencher, S.R. and Richards, L.R., 1982, “The basic frictional resistance of sheeting joints in Hong Kong granite,” Hong Kong Engineer, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 21-25.

[20] Hencher, S.R. and Richards, L.R., 1989, “Laboratory direct shear testing of rock discontinuities,” Ground Engineering, March, pp. 24-3l.

[21] Hoek, E., 2002, “Practical Rock Engineering,” Notes available online at http://www.rocscience.com.

[22] Hoek, E. and Bray, J., 1981, “Rock Slope Engineering,” 3rd ed. IMM, London.

[23] Holtz, R.D. and Kovacs, W.D., 1981, “Introduction to Geotechnical Engineering,” Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.

[24] ISRM, 2007, The Complete ISRM Suggested Methods for Rock Characterisation, Testing and Monitoring, 1974- 2006 (eds. R. Ulusay & Hudson J.A.), ISRM Turkish National Group, Ankara, Turkey.

[25] Kulhawy, F., 1975, “Stress deformation properties of rock and rock discontinuities,” Engineering Geology, Vol. 9, pp. 327-350.

[26] Patton, F.D., 1966, “Multiple modes of shear failure in rock,” Proceedings of 1st Congress of International Society of Rock Mechanics, Lisbon, I, pp. 509-513.

[27] Priest, S.D., 1993, “Discontinuity Analysis for Rock Engineering,” Chapman & Hall, London, p. 473.

[28] Simons, N., Menzies, B. and Matthews, M., 2001, “A Short Course in Soil and Rock Slope Engineering,” Tomas Telford, London.

[29] Tse, R. and Cruden, D.M., 1979, “Estimating joint roughness coefficients,” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Science and Geomechanics Abstracts, Vol. 16, No. 5, pp. 303-307.

[30] Wittke, W., 1990, “Rock Mechanics,” Theory and Applications with Case Histories, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

[31] Wyllie, D.C. and Mah, C.W., 2004, “Rock Slope Engineering,” Civil and Mining, 4th ed. Spon Press, London.

[32] Wyllie, D.C., 1992, “Foundations on Rock,” E and FN Spon, London.

[33] Wyllie, D.C. and Norrish, N.I., 1996, “Rock strength properties and their measurement,” In Landslides Investigation and Mitigation, Special Report 247 (eds Turner A.K. and R. Schuster), Transportation Research Board, NRC, National Academy Press, Washington DC, pp. 372-390.

[34] Zhang, L., 2005, “Engineering Properties of Rocks,” Elsevier GeoEngineering Book Series, Vol. 4, Elsevier, Amsterdam.

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