Experimental Study on Wax Deposition Depending on Internal Coating of
Subsea Flowline in Multi-phase Flow

doi:10.12972/ksmer.2015.52.5.478

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2015 Vol.52, Issue 5 Preview Page Next Page

Research Paper

Experimental Study on Wax Deposition Depending on Internal Coating of Subsea Flowline in Multi-phase Flow 다상 유동 시 해저 유동관 내벽 코팅에 따른 왁스 집적 분석 실험 연구: 황순혜·강판상·임종세
Soon-Hye Hwang, Pan-Sang Kang and Jong-Se Lim

31 October 2015. pp. 478-487

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Abstract

Internal coating, which is one of flow assurance technologies in subsea oil production system, cancontrol the wax deposition without interrupting oil production if appropriately designed coating is installed. Watercut is increased during producing the oil, then emulsion frequently occurs by mixing the water and oil if mixedproduction fluid passes through a narrow section. In this study, the effects of various internal coating materials(epoxy, polyurethane, PTFE, DLC, silica and titanium dioxide) on wax deposition were analyzed in single-phase(oil) and multi-phase (water-oil) flow with emulsion condition using cold finger apparatus and crude oil. As aresult, heat insulating performance in single-phase and hydrophilicity in multi-phase affected amount of the waxdeposits more than roughness and olephilicity of coating properties.

Keywords

Subsea oil production

Flow assurance

Internal coating

Wax deposition

해저 석유생산 시 유동안정성 확보를 위한 왁스 집적 제어기술 중 내벽 코팅법은 생산 환경에 적합하게설계하여 적용할 경우 석유 생산을 중단하지 않고 효과적으로 왁스 집적 제어가 가능하다. 석유 생산이 진행될수록 물 생산량이 증가하게 되며, 단면적이 좁은 구간을 통과할 때 물과 오일이 혼합된 에멀젼이 빈번히 생긴다.따라서 이 연구에서는 현장오일을 이용하여 단상(오일) 및 에멀젼이 생성된 다상(물-오일) 유동조건에서 에폭시,폴리우레탄, PTFE, DLC, 실리카, 산화타이타늄 코팅이 왁스 집적에 미치는 영향을 고형물생성유도장치를 이용하여 실험적으로 분석하였다. 연구 결과 코팅의 거칠기, 친유성 정도보다 단상 조건에서는 단열성능, 다상 조건에서는 친수성 정도가 왁스 집적 감소에 주요하게 영향을 미치는 요소로 나타났다.

키워드

해저 석유생산

유동안정성 확보

내벽 코팅법

왁스 집적

References

Bagatin, R., Busto, C., Correra, S., Margarone, M. and Carniani, C., 2008, “Wax Modeling : There is Need for Alternatives,” Proc. of the SPE Russian Oil and Gas Technical Conference and Exhibition, Moscow, Russia, October 28-30.
Boyd, J.L. and Freeman, J.E., 1997, “New Ceramic-Epoxy Technology For Oil And Gas Drilling And Production,” Proc. of the Corrosion 97, Louisiana, USA, March 9-14.
Chen, J., Zhang, J. and Li, H., 2004, “Determining the wax content of crude oils by using differential scanning calorimetry,” Thermochimica Acta, Vol. 410, pp. 23-26.
Cole, R.J. and Jessen, F.W., 1960, “Paraffin Deposition,” Oil&Gas Journal, Vol. 58, pp. 87-99.
Hoiland, S., Askvik, J.M., Fotland, P., Alagic, E., Barth, T. and Fadnes, F., 2005, “Wettability of Freon hydrates in crude oil/brine emulsions,” J. of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 287, pp. 217-225.
Hunt, E.B.Jr., 1962, “Laboratory Study of Paraffin Deposition,” J. of Petroleum Technology, Vol. 14, No. 11, pp. 1259-1269.
Johnsen, S.G., Hanetho, S.M., Tetlie, P., Johnsen, S.T., Einarsrud, M.A., Kaus, I. and Simon, C.R., 2011, “Studies of paraffin wax deposition on coated and non-coated steel surfaces,” Proc. of the International Conference on Heat Exchanger Fouling and Cleaning, Crete Island, Greece, June 5-10, pp. 251-258.
Jorda, R.M., 1966, “Paraffin Deposition and Prevention in Oil Wells,” J. of Petroleum Technology, Vol. 18, No. 12, pp. 1605-1612.
Jung, S.Y., Kang, P.S. and Lim, J.S., 2014, “An Experimental Study on the Effects of Internal Tubular Coatings on Mitigating Wax Deposition in Offshore Oil Production,” International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers, Vol. 38, No. 10, pp. 133-1339.
Lee, R.S., Kang, P.S. and Lim, J.S., 2013, “Experimental Research on Selection of Wax Inhibitor for Flow Assurance in Subsea Petroleum Production System,” J. of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers, Vol. 50, No. 5, pp. 631-640.
Li, M.Y., Su, J.G., Wu, A.L., Yang, Y.D. and Ji, S.L., 1997, “Study of the mechanisms of wax prevention in a pipeline with glass inner layer,” Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, Vol. 123, pp. 635-649.
Lim, J.S., 2010, “Flow Assurance Technology in Petroleum Production System,” J. of Petroleum, Vol. 26, pp. 68-85.
Lim, J.S., Kang, P.S. and Yu, S.R., 2013, “Flow Assurance Technologies for Mitigating Wax Deposition in Subsea Petroleum Production System,” J. of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers, Vol. 50, No. 2, pp. 278-296.
Oliveira, R.C.G. and Goncalves, M.A.L., 2005, “Emulsion Rheology-Theory vs. Field Observation,” Proc. of the Offshore Technology Conference, Texas, USA, May 2-5.
Owodunni, O.L. and Ajienka, J.A., 2007, “Use of thermal insulation to prevent hydrate and paraffin wax deposition,” Proc. of the Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition, Society of Petroleum Engineers, Abuja, Nigeria, August 6-8.
Palle, S. and Ror, L., 1998, “Thermal Insulation of Flowlines with Polyurethane Foam,” Proc. of the Offshore Technology Conference, Texas, USA, May 4-7.
Paso, K., Kompalla, T., Aske, N., RØnningsen, H.P., Øye, G. and Sjőblom, ℇ.J., 2009, “Novel Surfaces with Applicability for Preventing Wax Deposition : A Review,” J. of Dispersion Science and Technology, Vol. 30, No. 6, pp. 757-781.
Patton, C.C. and Casad, B.M., 1970, “Paraffin Deposition from Refined Wax-Soivent Systems,” SPE Journal, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 17-24.
Potocatalyst, 2015.06.04., http://metal.donga.ac.kr/iskim/TiO2. htm.
Ramé-hart contact angle goniometers and tensiometers, 2015. 06.02., http://www.ramehart.com/contactangle.htm.
Singh, P., Venkatesan, R., Fogler, H.S. and Nagarajan, N., 2000, “Formation and Aging of Incipient Thin Film Wax-Oil Gels,” AJChE Journal, Vol. 46, No. 5, pp. 1059-1074.
Singh, P., Venkatesan, R., Fogler, H.S. and Nagarajan, N.R., 2001, “Morphological Evolution of Thick Wax Deposits during Aging,” AJChE Journal, Vol. 47, No. 1, pp. 6-18.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Journal Title(Ko) :한국자원공학회지
Volume : 52
No :5
Pages :478-487
DOI :https://doi.org/10.12972/ksmer.2015.52.5.478

[1] Bagatin, R., Busto, C., Correra, S., Margarone, M. and Carniani, C., 2008, “Wax Modeling : There is Need for Alternatives,” Proc. of the SPE Russian Oil and Gas Technical Conference and Exhibition, Moscow, Russia, October 28-30.

[2] Boyd, J.L. and Freeman, J.E., 1997, “New Ceramic-Epoxy Technology For Oil And Gas Drilling And Production,” Proc. of the Corrosion 97, Louisiana, USA, March 9-14.

[3] Chen, J., Zhang, J. and Li, H., 2004, “Determining the wax content of crude oils by using differential scanning calorimetry,” Thermochimica Acta, Vol. 410, pp. 23-26.

[4] Cole, R.J. and Jessen, F.W., 1960, “Paraffin Deposition,” Oil&Gas Journal, Vol. 58, pp. 87-99.

[5] Hoiland, S., Askvik, J.M., Fotland, P., Alagic, E., Barth, T. and Fadnes, F., 2005, “Wettability of Freon hydrates in crude oil/brine emulsions,” J. of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 287, pp. 217-225.

[6] Hunt, E.B.Jr., 1962, “Laboratory Study of Paraffin Deposition,” J. of Petroleum Technology, Vol. 14, No. 11, pp. 1259-1269.

[7] Johnsen, S.G., Hanetho, S.M., Tetlie, P., Johnsen, S.T., Einarsrud, M.A., Kaus, I. and Simon, C.R., 2011, “Studies of paraffin wax deposition on coated and non-coated steel surfaces,” Proc. of the International Conference on Heat Exchanger Fouling and Cleaning, Crete Island, Greece, June 5-10, pp. 251-258.

[8] Jorda, R.M., 1966, “Paraffin Deposition and Prevention in Oil Wells,” J. of Petroleum Technology, Vol. 18, No. 12, pp. 1605-1612.

[9] Jung, S.Y., Kang, P.S. and Lim, J.S., 2014, “An Experimental Study on the Effects of Internal Tubular Coatings on Mitigating Wax Deposition in Offshore Oil Production,” International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers, Vol. 38, No. 10, pp. 133-1339.

[10] Lee, R.S., Kang, P.S. and Lim, J.S., 2013, “Experimental Research on Selection of Wax Inhibitor for Flow Assurance in Subsea Petroleum Production System,” J. of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers, Vol. 50, No. 5, pp. 631-640.

[11] Li, M.Y., Su, J.G., Wu, A.L., Yang, Y.D. and Ji, S.L., 1997, “Study of the mechanisms of wax prevention in a pipeline with glass inner layer,” Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, Vol. 123, pp. 635-649.

[12] Lim, J.S., 2010, “Flow Assurance Technology in Petroleum Production System,” J. of Petroleum, Vol. 26, pp. 68-85.

[13] Lim, J.S., Kang, P.S. and Yu, S.R., 2013, “Flow Assurance Technologies for Mitigating Wax Deposition in Subsea Petroleum Production System,” J. of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers, Vol. 50, No. 2, pp. 278-296.

[14] Oliveira, R.C.G. and Goncalves, M.A.L., 2005, “Emulsion Rheology-Theory vs. Field Observation,” Proc. of the Offshore Technology Conference, Texas, USA, May 2-5.

[15] Owodunni, O.L. and Ajienka, J.A., 2007, “Use of thermal insulation to prevent hydrate and paraffin wax deposition,” Proc. of the Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition, Society of Petroleum Engineers, Abuja, Nigeria, August 6-8.

[16] Palle, S. and Ror, L., 1998, “Thermal Insulation of Flowlines with Polyurethane Foam,” Proc. of the Offshore Technology Conference, Texas, USA, May 4-7.

[17] Paso, K., Kompalla, T., Aske, N., RØnningsen, H.P., Øye, G. and Sjőblom, ℇ.J., 2009, “Novel Surfaces with Applicability for Preventing Wax Deposition : A Review,” J. of Dispersion Science and Technology, Vol. 30, No. 6, pp. 757-781.

[18] Patton, C.C. and Casad, B.M., 1970, “Paraffin Deposition from Refined Wax-Soivent Systems,” SPE Journal, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 17-24.

[19] Potocatalyst, 2015.06.04., http://metal.donga.ac.kr/iskim/TiO2. htm.

[20] Ramé-hart contact angle goniometers and tensiometers, 2015. 06.02., http://www.ramehart.com/contactangle.htm.

[21] Singh, P., Venkatesan, R., Fogler, H.S. and Nagarajan, N., 2000, “Formation and Aging of Incipient Thin Film Wax-Oil Gels,” AJChE Journal, Vol. 46, No. 5, pp. 1059-1074.

[22] Singh, P., Venkatesan, R., Fogler, H.S. and Nagarajan, N.R., 2001, “Morphological Evolution of Thick Wax Deposits during Aging,” AJChE Journal, Vol. 47, No. 1, pp. 6-18.

Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers ISSN:2288-0291(Print) 2288-2790(Online) 한국자원공학회지

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