All Issue

2025 Vol.62, Issue 2

Research Paper

Water Quality Changes and Composition of Precipitates during Lime Neutralization of the Drainage from Ilgwang Mine

일광광산 광산배수 소석회 중화처리시 수질 변화 및 침전물 구성

Youngwook Cheong1*
,
Giljae Yim1
,
Dong-Wan Cho1
,
Joonhak Lee2
,
Euiyoung Seo2
정 영욱1*
,
임 길재1
,
조 동완1
,
이 준학2
,
서 의영2
1Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Daejeon, Korea
2Korea Mine Rehabilitation and Mineral Resources Corporation, KOMIR, Wonju, Korea
1한국지질자원연구원 자원환경연구센터
2한국광해광업공단
*Corresponding Author
30 April 2025. pp. 71-80
PDF XML Citation
Abstract

This study evaluated the changes in water quality and the composition of precipitates when the drainage from Ilgwang Mine was neutralized with lime. The amount of metal hydroxides was theoretically calculated. Neutralization experiments were conducted, followed by water quality analysis, precipitate weight measurement, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Water quality analysis showed that Fe, Al, Mn, Cu, and Zn components were removed at pH 9. Based on a flow rate of 100 m³/d, the amount of metal hydroxides was calculated as 45 kg/d, and the precipitate generation ranged from 70 to 90 kg/d within the neutralization pH range of 7–10. The precipitates were found to include metal precipitates, gypsum, calcite minerals, and some unreacted lime. The precipitate amount measured on-site was 30–40% higher than that observed in the neutralization experiments. The pH operating range of the neutralization reactor is considered to influence the generation of unreacted lime.

Keywords
mine drainage
lime
neutralization
precipitate
gypsum

본 연구에서는 일광광산 광산배수를 소석회로 중화처리했을 때 발생하는 수질변화와 침전물 구성을 평가하였다. 금속 수산화물 양을 이론적으로 계산하였다. 중화실험을 수행하고 수질 분석, 침전물 무게 측정 및 X선 회절 분석을 수행하였다. 수질분석 결과 pH 9에서 Fe, Al, Mn, Cu, Zn 성분이 제거되었다. 유량 100 m3/d 기준으로 금속 수산화물 양은 45 kg/d로 계산되었고, 중화 pH 7–10 범위에서 침전물 발생량은 70–90 kg/d로 나타났다. 침전물은 금속 침전물, 석고 및 방해석 광물은 물론 일부 미반응 소석회가 포함된 것으로 평가되었다. 현장의 침전물 양은 중화실험 침전물 양보다 30–40% 많게 측정되었다. 중화반응조의 pH 운전 범위가 미 시용 소석회 발생량에 영향을 줄 수 있는 것으로 판단되었다.

키워드
광산배수
소석회
중화실험
침전물
석고
References
1

Aguiar, A., Xavier, G., Ladeira, A., 2010. The use of limestone, lime and MnO2 in the removal of soluble manganese from acid mine drainage, Proceedings of Water Pollution X, CDTN, Center for the Development of Nuclear Technology, Brazil, p.267-276.

10.2495/WP100231
2

Alpers, C.N., Blowes, D.W., Nordstrom, D.K., and Jambor, J.L., 1994. Secondary minerals and acid mine water chemistry, in Environmental Geochemistry of Sulfide Mine-Wastes, Mineralogical Association of Canada, p.247-270.

3

Aubé, B.C. and Zinck, J.M, 1999. Comparison of AMD Treat ment Processes and Their Impact on Sludge Characteristics, Proceedings for Sudbury'99, Mining and the Environment II, p.261-270.

4

Cheong, Y.W., Cho, D.W, Lee, J.S., and Hur, W., 2022b. Estimation of alkali overdosing in a lime neutralization process for acid mine drainage, Applied Chemistry for Engineering, 33(1), p.109-113.

5

Cheong, Y.W., Cho, D.W., Yim, G.J., Park, H.S., Kim, S.J., and Lee, J.H., 2022a. Geochemical assessment of gypsum scale formation in the hydrated lime neutralization facility of the daedeok mine, South Korea, Minerals, 12(5), 574p.

10.3390/min12050574
6

Cheong, Y.W., Cho, D.W., Yim, Lee, D.G., Jang, J.Y., and Park, H.S., 2024. Evaluation of precipitate generation due to neutralization of lime in acid mine drainage from daedeok coal mine, Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers, 61(4), p.275-283.

10.32390/ksmer.2024.61.4.275
7

Cheong, Y.W., Lee, C.O., Lee, J.H., and Cho, S.H., 2019. Evaluation of factors affecting sludge volume in mine drainage neutralization, Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers, 56(6), p.567-572.

10.32390/ksmer.2019.56.6.567
8

Cheong. Y.W., Rue, J.H., Lee, D.G., Yim, G.J., Cho, D.W., Ji, S.W., Lee, C.H., and Han, Y.S., 2020. Development for improving the efficiency of physicochemical treatment of mine drainage, Mine Reclamation Corporation, 2020-36, p.1-357.

9

Choi, J.C., 2005. Field experiment on AMD treatment using apatite and fish bone at the ilkwang mine, Economic and Environmental Geology, 38(5), p.563-570.

10

Daradjat, N.S. and Moersidik, S.S., 2021. The utilization of sedimentation pond acid mine drainage sludge as coagulant to reduce COD and TSS concentration in domestic wastewater, IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 721, 012008.

10.1088/1755-1315/721/1/012008
11

Envirobay, 2025.04.04., https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237245796

12

Evans, J., Morgan, R., and Coulton, R., 2020. The Effects of Using Hydrogen Peroxide to Provide an Improved HDS Process, Proceedings of 14th IMWA congress, Christchurch, New Zealand, p.152-157.

13

Hedin, R.S. and Hedin, B.C., 2016. Proceeding IMWA Freiberg, Germany, p.844-849.

14

International Mine Water Association, 2025.04.04., https://imwa.info/docs/imwa_2015/IMWA2015_Aube_188.pdf

15

Kang, D.H., Kwon, B.H., Yu, H.S., and Kim, S.O., 2010. Discharge characteristics of heavy metals in acid mine drainage from the abandoned ilgwang mine, The Journal of Engineering Geology, 20(1), p.79-87.

16

Kefeni, K.K., Msagati, T.A.M., and Mamba, B.B., 2017. Acid mine drainage: Prevention, treatment options, and resource recovery: A review, Journal of Cleaner Production, 151, p.475-493.

10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.03.082
17

Khorasanipour, M., Moor, F., and Naseh, R., 2011. Lime treatment of mine drainage at the Sarchesh Porphyry copper mine, Iran, Mine Water Environ, 30, p.216-230.

10.1007/s10230-011-0142-8
18

Leavitt, B.R., 2010. In situ treatment with hydrogen peroxide, Proceedings of West Virginia mine drainage task force symposium, Morgantown, WV. p.27-40.

19

Madzivire, G., Gitari, W.M., Vadalli, V.R.K., Ojumu, T.V., and Petrik, L.F., 2011. Fate of sulphate removed during the treatment of circumneutral mine water and acid mine drainage with coal fly ash: Modelling and experimental approach, Mineral Engineering, 24(13), p.1467-1477.

10.1016/j.mineng.2011.07.009
20

Masindi, V., Akinwekomi, V., Maree, J.P., and Muedi, K.L., 2017. Comparison of mine water neutralisation efficiencies of different alkaline generating agents, Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 5, p.3903-3913.

10.1016/j.jece.2017.07.062
21

McLaughlin, R.J., 1996. A comparison of selected acid mine drainage treatment processes, SME annual meeting, Phoenix, Arizona, p.11-14.

22

Means, B., Beam, P.G., and Mercer, J., 2015. Analysis of hydrated lime consumption in circumneutral underground coal mine drainage treatment, Mine water Environment, 34, p.10-19.

10.1007/s10230-014-0308-2
23

Mend, 2013. Review of Mine Drainage Treatment and Sludge Management Operations, Mend Report 3.43.1., Canada, 2617p.

24

Nordstrom, D.K. and Alpers, C.N., 1999. Geochemistry of acid mine waters, 2025.1.06. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/306157934

25

Nordstrom, D.K., 2019. Geochemical Modelling for Mine Site Characterization and Remediation, E3S Web of Conferences, 98, 05013.

10.1051/e3sconf/20199805013
26

Nordstrom, D.K., 2020. Geochemical modeling of iron and aluminum precipitation during mixing and neutralization of acid mine drainage, Minerals, 10(6), 547p.

10.3390/min10060547
27

Nurmensniemi, E.T., 2018, Experimental and Computational Studies on Sulphate Removal from Mine Waterby Improved Limeprecipitation, University of Oulu, Finland.

28

Skousen, J., Hilton, T., and Faulkner, B., 1990. Acid mine drainage treatment systems: Chemicals and costs, Greenlands, p.36-45.

29

Smoyer, J., 2013. Hydrogen Peroxide-Review of its Role as Part of a Mine Drainage Treatment Strategy, Bureau of Abandoned Mine Reclamation.

30

Tolonen, E., Sarpola, A., Hu, T., Ramo, J., and Lassi, U., 2014. Acid mine drainage treatment using by-products from quick lime manufacturing as neutralization chemicals, Chemosphere, 117, p.419-4240.

10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.07.09025193795
31

USEPA, 1983. Design manual: Neutralization of acid mine drainage, p.1-231.

32

Wang, X., Jiang, H., Fang, D., Liang, J., and Zhou, L., 2019. A novel approach to rapidly purify acid mine drainage through chemically forming schwertmannite followed by lime neutralization, Water Research, 151, p.515-522.

10.1016/j.watres.2018.12.05230654257
33

WV Mine Drainage Task Force Symposium, 2025.04.04., http://files.dep.state.pa.us/Mining/Abandoned%20Mine%20Reclamation/AbandonedMinePortalFiles/AMDSetAsideProgram/BAMR_Current_Active_AMD_Treatment_Plants_02-21-2019.pdf

34

Zendelska, A., Trajanova, A, Golomeova, M., Golomeov, B, Mirakovski, D., Doneva, N., and Hadzinikolova, M., 2022. Comparison of efficiencies of neutralizing agents for heavy metal removal from acid mine drainage, Journal of Mining and Environment, 13(3), p.679-691.

35

Zinck, J.M., Wilson, L.J., Chen, T.T., Griffith, W., Mikhail, S., and Turcotte, A.M., 1997. Characterization and Stability of Acid Mine Drainage Treatment Sludges, MEND project 3.42.2a, p.1-56.

Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국자원공학회지
  • Volume : 62
  • No :2
  • Pages :71-80
  • Received Date : 2025-03-04
  • Revised Date : 2025-03-24
  • Accepted Date : 2025-03-24
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.32390/ksmer.2025.62.2.071
Journal Informaiton Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Online Submission
  • NRF
  • KOFST
  • crossref crossmark
  • crossref cited-by
  • KCI 문헌 유사도 검사
  • orcid
  • open access
  • ccl
Journal Informaiton Journal Informaiton - close