Cr (VI) Reduction by Indigenous Bacteria in Anaerobic Sediment

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2005 Vol.42, Issue 6 Preview Page Next Page

Cr (VI) Reduction by Indigenous Bacteria in Anaerobic Sediment 혐기성 퇴적물에서 토착미생물에 의한 6가 크롬의 환원: 이성은, 이종운, 이진수, 전효택
Sung-Eun Lee, Jong-Un Lee, Jin-Soo Lee and Hyo-Taek Chon

31 December 2005. pp. 618-624

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Abstract

Hexavalent Cr is easily released to surrounding environments from contamination sources because Cr(VI) exists as soluble forms at neutral pH. Indigenous bacteria which showed resistivity against the high level of chromium may convert Cr(VI) to Cr(III) which is less toxic and less soluble. In this study, indigenous bacteria were isolated from Cr-contaminated sediments in the area of pigment manufacturing factories. The effects of the indigenous bacteria on Cr(VI) reduction were investigated under anaerobic condition. From the onset of the experiment, 99% of dissolved Cr(VI) was rapidly reduced within 240 hours. The variation of protein indicates that the indigenous bacteria reduce Cr(VI) need to the adaptation period for addition of Cr(VI). The addition of lactate, glucose and acetate to the bacteria improved the efficiency of Cr(VI) reduction. The removal rate of Cr(VI) decreased with an increase in solution pH. The indigenous bacteria can reduce Cr(VI) in contaminated sediments and this ability of indigenous bacteria has a potential for in situ containment of Cr in Cr-contaminated environments.

Keywords

Cr(VI)

Sediment

Reduction

Indigenous bacteria

6가 크롬은 중성의 pH에서 용해도가 높은 형태로 존재하기 때문에 오염원들로부터 주위 환경에 쉽게 누출될 수 있다. 크롬에 내성을 가진 토착미생물은 6가 크롬을 독성과 용해도가 낮은 3가 크롬으로 환원시킬 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 염색공장 지역 인근의 크롬으로 오염된 퇴적물에서 토착미생물을 분리하여, 혐기성 환경에서 6가 크롬의 해독작용에 대한 토착 미생물의 영향에 대해서 연구하였다. 실험 결과 용존된 6가 크롬의 약 99%가 240시간 안에 환원되었다. 단백질 함량의 변화로부터, 6가 크롬의 환원에 기여하는 토착미생물들은 6가 크롬이 주입된 후 적절한 적응 시간이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 배지에 적절한 탄소원을 공급하면 6가 크롬 환원의 효율성이 크게 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며, pH 증가에 따라 6가 크롬의 제거 속도가 감소하는 결과를 나타내었다. 크롬으로 오염된 퇴적물 내의 토착미생물은 퇴적물 내에서 6가 크롬을 환원시킬 수 있고 이러한 토착미생물에 의한 크롬의 환원은 오염된 퇴적물의 자연저감을 유도하여 생태계로의 크롬 이동을 방지할 수 있다.

키워드

6가 크롬

퇴적물

환원

토착미생물

References

Arias, Y. M. and Tebo, B. M., 2003, “Cr(VI) reduction by sulfidogenic and nonsulfidogenic microbial consortia,” Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 69, pp. 1847-1853.
Cheung, K.H. and Gu, J.D., 2003, “Reduction of chromate(CrO42-) by an enrichment consortium and an isolate of marine sulfate-reducing bacteria,” Chemosphere, Vol. 52, pp. 1523-1529.
Chirwa, E.M. and Wang, Y.T., 1997, “Hexavalent chromium reduction by Bacillus sp. in a packed-bed bioreactor,” Environmetal Science and Technoogy, Vol. 31, pp. 1446-51.
Clesceri, L.S., Greenberg, A.E., and Eaton, A.D., 1998, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater , 20th ed. American Public Health Association, American Water Work Association, and Water Environment Federation, Washington, DC. pp. 59-126.
Daniels, L., Hanson, R.S., and Phillips, J.A., 1994, Chemical Analysis, Methods for General and Molecular Bacteriology, American Society for Microbiology, Washington DC, pp. 512-554.
Ehrlich, H. L., 1990, Geomicrobiology, 2nd ed. Revised and Expanded, New York and Basel, pp. 449-513.
Fein, J.B., Fowle, D.A., Cahill, J., Kemner, K., Boyanov, M., and Bunker, B., 2002, “Nonmetabolic reduction of Cr(VI) by bacterial surfaces under nutrient-absent conditions,” Geomicrobiology Journal, Vol. 19, pp. 369-382.
Francis, C.A., Obraztsova, A.Y., and Tebo, B.M., 2000, “Dissimilatory metal reduction by the facultative anaerobe Pantoea agglomerans SP1,” Applied and Environmetal Microbiology, Vol. 66, pp. 543-548.
Gadd G.M. and White C., 1993, “Microbial treatment of metal pollution-a working biotechnology?” Trends in Biotechnology, Vol. 11, pp. 353-359.
Guha, H., Jayachandran, K., and Maurrasse, F., 2001, “Kinetics of chromium (VI) reduction by a type strain Shewanella alga under different growth conditions,” Environmental Pollution, Vol. 115, pp. 209-218.
Kashefi, K., and Lovley, D.R., 2000, “Reduction of Fe(III), Mn(IV), and toxic metals at 100 ? by Pyrobaculum islandicum,” Applied and Environmetal Microbiology, Vol. 66, pp. 1050-1056.
Llovera, S., Bonet, R., Simon-Pujol, M.D., and Congregado, F., 1993, “Chromate reduction by resting cells of Agrobacterium radiobacter EPS-916,” Applied and Environmetal Microbiology, Vol. 59, pp. 3516-3518.
Lovley, D.R. and Phillips, E.J.P., 1994, “Reduction of chromate by Desulfovibrio vulgaris and its C3 cytochrome,” Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 60, pp. 726-728.
Michel, C., Brugna, M., Aubert, C., Bernadac, A., and Bruschi, M., 2001, “Enzymatic reduction of chromate: comparative studies using sulfate-reducing bacteria,” Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Vol. 55, pp. 95-100.
Obraztsova, A.Y., Francis, C.A., and Tebo, B.M., 2002, “Sulfur disproportionation by the facultative anaerobe Pantoea agglomerans SP1 as a mechanism for chromium(VI) reduction,” Geomicrobiology Journal, Vol. 19, pp. 121-132.
Persaud, D., Jaagumagi, R., and Hayton, A., 1989, Development of Provinicial Sediment Quality Guidelines. Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Water Resources Branch, Aquatic Biology Section, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, p. 19.
Postgate, J.R., 1984, The sulphate-reducing bacteria, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. p. 208.
Shen, H. and Wang, Y., 1994, “Biological reduction of chromium by E. coli.” Journal of Environmental Eng-neering, Vol. 120, pp. 560-572.
Tebo, B.M. and Obraztsova, A.Y., 1998, “Sulfate-reducing bacterium grows with Cr(VI), U(VI), Mn(IV), and Fe(III) as electron acceptors,” FEMS Microbiology Letter, Vol. 162, pp. 193-198.
US EPA, 1998, Toxicological Review of Hexavalent Chromium, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC.
Wang Y.T, and Shen H., 1995, “Bacterial reduction of hexavalent chromium,” Journal of Industrial Microbio logy and Biotechnology, Vol. 14, pp. 159-163.
Yassi, A. and Niebor, E., 1988, Carcinogenicity of chromium compounds, In J.O. Nriagu and E. Nieboer (eds.), Chromium in the Natural and Human Environments. John Wiley and Sons, New York, N.Y., pp. 514-530.
Zhao, M. and Duncan, J.R., 1997, “Column sorption of Cr(VI) from electroplating effluent using formaldehyde cross-linked Saccharomyces cerevisiae,” Biotechnology Letters, Vol. 20, pp. 603-606.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering
Journal Title(Ko) :한국지구시스템공학회지
Volume : 42
No :6
Pages :618-624

[1] Arias, Y. M. and Tebo, B. M., 2003, “Cr(VI) reduction by sulfidogenic and nonsulfidogenic microbial consortia,” Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 69, pp. 1847-1853.

[2] Cheung, K.H. and Gu, J.D., 2003, “Reduction of chromate(CrO42-) by an enrichment consortium and an isolate of marine sulfate-reducing bacteria,” Chemosphere, Vol. 52, pp. 1523-1529.

[3] Chirwa, E.M. and Wang, Y.T., 1997, “Hexavalent chromium reduction by Bacillus sp. in a packed-bed bioreactor,” Environmetal Science and Technoogy, Vol. 31, pp. 1446-51.

[4] Clesceri, L.S., Greenberg, A.E., and Eaton, A.D., 1998, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater , 20th ed. American Public Health Association, American Water Work Association, and Water Environment Federation, Washington, DC. pp. 59-126.

[5] Daniels, L., Hanson, R.S., and Phillips, J.A., 1994, Chemical Analysis, Methods for General and Molecular Bacteriology, American Society for Microbiology, Washington DC, pp. 512-554.

[6] Ehrlich, H. L., 1990, Geomicrobiology, 2nd ed. Revised and Expanded, New York and Basel, pp. 449-513.

[7] Fein, J.B., Fowle, D.A., Cahill, J., Kemner, K., Boyanov, M., and Bunker, B., 2002, “Nonmetabolic reduction of Cr(VI) by bacterial surfaces under nutrient-absent conditions,” Geomicrobiology Journal, Vol. 19, pp. 369-382.

[8] Francis, C.A., Obraztsova, A.Y., and Tebo, B.M., 2000, “Dissimilatory metal reduction by the facultative anaerobe Pantoea agglomerans SP1,” Applied and Environmetal Microbiology, Vol. 66, pp. 543-548.

[9] Gadd G.M. and White C., 1993, “Microbial treatment of metal pollution-a working biotechnology?” Trends in Biotechnology, Vol. 11, pp. 353-359.

[10] Guha, H., Jayachandran, K., and Maurrasse, F., 2001, “Kinetics of chromium (VI) reduction by a type strain Shewanella alga under different growth conditions,” Environmental Pollution, Vol. 115, pp. 209-218.

[11] Kashefi, K., and Lovley, D.R., 2000, “Reduction of Fe(III), Mn(IV), and toxic metals at 100 ? by Pyrobaculum islandicum,” Applied and Environmetal Microbiology, Vol. 66, pp. 1050-1056.

[12] Llovera, S., Bonet, R., Simon-Pujol, M.D., and Congregado, F., 1993, “Chromate reduction by resting cells of Agrobacterium radiobacter EPS-916,” Applied and Environmetal Microbiology, Vol. 59, pp. 3516-3518.

[13] Lovley, D.R. and Phillips, E.J.P., 1994, “Reduction of chromate by Desulfovibrio vulgaris and its C3 cytochrome,” Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 60, pp. 726-728.

[14] Michel, C., Brugna, M., Aubert, C., Bernadac, A., and Bruschi, M., 2001, “Enzymatic reduction of chromate: comparative studies using sulfate-reducing bacteria,” Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Vol. 55, pp. 95-100.

[15] Obraztsova, A.Y., Francis, C.A., and Tebo, B.M., 2002, “Sulfur disproportionation by the facultative anaerobe Pantoea agglomerans SP1 as a mechanism for chromium(VI) reduction,” Geomicrobiology Journal, Vol. 19, pp. 121-132.

[16] Persaud, D., Jaagumagi, R., and Hayton, A., 1989, Development of Provinicial Sediment Quality Guidelines. Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Water Resources Branch, Aquatic Biology Section, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, p. 19.

[17] Postgate, J.R., 1984, The sulphate-reducing bacteria, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. p. 208.

[18] Shen, H. and Wang, Y., 1994, “Biological reduction of chromium by E. coli.” Journal of Environmental Eng-neering, Vol. 120, pp. 560-572.

[19] Tebo, B.M. and Obraztsova, A.Y., 1998, “Sulfate-reducing bacterium grows with Cr(VI), U(VI), Mn(IV), and Fe(III) as electron acceptors,” FEMS Microbiology Letter, Vol. 162, pp. 193-198.

[20] US EPA, 1998, Toxicological Review of Hexavalent Chromium, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC.

[21] Wang Y.T, and Shen H., 1995, “Bacterial reduction of hexavalent chromium,” Journal of Industrial Microbio logy and Biotechnology, Vol. 14, pp. 159-163.

[22] Yassi, A. and Niebor, E., 1988, Carcinogenicity of chromium compounds, In J.O. Nriagu and E. Nieboer (eds.), Chromium in the Natural and Human Environments. John Wiley and Sons, New York, N.Y., pp. 514-530.

[23] Zhao, M. and Duncan, J.R., 1997, “Column sorption of Cr(VI) from electroplating effluent using formaldehyde cross-linked Saccharomyces cerevisiae,” Biotechnology Letters, Vol. 20, pp. 603-606.

Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers ISSN:2288-0291(Print) 2288-2790(Online) 한국자원공학회지

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