Prestack Depth Migration Using Seismic Virtual Source Gathers

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2011 Vol.48, Issue 3 Preview Page Next Page

Prestack Depth Migration Using Seismic Virtual Source Gathers 탄성파 가상음원 파동장 모음을 이용한 중합전 심도 구조보정: 김영완, 장성형, Doan Huy Hien
Youngwan Kim, Seonghyung Jang and Doan Huy Hien

30 June 2011. pp. 309-322

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Abstract

The surface reflection data have some problems in imaging the subsurface due to the complex wavefields and multiples which come from complex overburden. To overcome the defect of the surface reflection data, we used the virtual source in terms of seismic interferometry to image the subsurface. Inhomogeneous velocity models were developed and virtual source gathers were generated by ocean bottom seismic numerical modeling. Cross-correlation gathers were generated by the cross-correlation between the reference trace and others. The virtual source gathers were made by the integration at the stationary phase interval. Numerical test showed that the virtual source gathers integrated at the stationary interval are superior to those of all sources. Prestack depth migration was implemented to the virtual source gathers. Especially artificial interfaces were suppressed without any further data processing. The results of imaging obtained from inhomogeneous velocity model below receivers also showed that the artificial geological interfaces were significantly reduced comparing to the homogeneous velocity model case.

Keywords

Seismic interferometry

Ocean bottom seismic

Virtual source gathers

Prestack depth migration

지표면 탄성파 자료는 천부층의 불규칙성에 기인하는 복잡한 파동장과 다중 반사파 때문에 지하구조 영상화에 한계가 존재한다. 이러한 한계를 극복하기 위해, 탄성파 간섭 이론을 적용한 가상음원 자료를 이용하여 지층구조를 영상화하고자 하였다. 우선 균질/불균질 속도 모델에 대한 해저면 탄성파 탐사 수치 모형실험을 수행하여 코다파가 포함된 음원 파동장 모음을 획득하고 이를 이용하여 가상음원에 대한 파동장을 구하였다. 다음으로 음원 파동장 모음에서 기준 수진기를 결정하고, 개개 수진기에서 모든 음원에 대한 상호상관으로 상호상관 모음을 구하였으며, 정상위상분석을 통해 가상음원 파동장 모음을 구하였다. 얻어진 가상음원 파동장 모음에 중합전 심도구조보정을 수행해본 결과 균질 속도 모델에서 구한 가상음원 파동장 모음과 수진기 하부 균질 속도 모델을 이용하여 영상화한 결과 보다 불균질 속도모델에서의 음원 파동장 모음에서 구한 가상음원 파동장 모음과 수진기 하부 불균질 속도 모델을 이용한 영상화가 인위적인 경계면이 억제되는 더 나은 결과를 보였다.

키워드

탄성파 간섭파

해저면 탄성파 탐사

가상음원 파동장 모음

중합전 심도구조보정

References

김영완, 장성형, 윤왕중, 2007, “불균질 매질에서 탄성파 모델링,” 자원환경지질, 제40권 6호, pp. 739-749.
장성형, 김영완, 서상용, 고진석, 2009, “탄성파 간섭파를 이용한 음원파형 예측,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제46권 1호, pp. 36-44.
장성형, 서상용, 유동근, 2006, “MPI_PSPI를 이용한 중합전 깊이영역 구조보정,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제43권 6호, pp. 570-578.
Bakulin, A. and Calvert, R., 2006, “The virtual source method: Theory and case study,” Geophysics, Vol. 71, pp. SI139-SI150.
Claerbout, J.F., 1968, “Synthesis of a layered medium from its acoustic transmission response,” Geophysics, Vol. 33, pp. 264-269.
de Hoop, A.T., 1988, “Time-domain reciprocity theorems for acoustic wave fields in fluids with relaxation,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am., Vol. 84, pp. 1877-1882.
Derode, A., Larose, E., Campillo, M. and Fink, M., 2003, “How to estimate the Green's function of a heterogeneous medium between tow passive sensors? Application to acoustic waves,” Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 83, pp. 3054-3056.
Fokkema, J.T. and van den Berg, P.M., 1993, Seismic applications of acoustic reciprocity, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Gazdag, J. and Sguazzero, P., 1984, “Migration of seismic data by phase shift plus interpolation,” Geophysics, Vol. 49, pp. 124-131.
Jeong, S.C., Byun, J.M., Seol, S.J. and Yoo, D.G., 2010, “Generation of the reflected S-wave data from air-gun data by using virtual shear sources,” SEG 80th annual meeting Expanded abstracts, Denver, Colorado, 17-22 October, pp. 1677-1681.
Shin, C., 1995, “Sponge boundary condition for frequencydomain modeling,” Geophysics, Vol. 60, pp. 1870-1874.
Snieder, R., Wapenaar, K. and Larner, K., 2006, “Spurious multiples in seismic interferometry of primaries,” Geophysics, Vol. 71, SI111-SI124.
van Manen, D.-J., Robertsson, J.O.A. and Curtis, A., 2005, “Modeling of wave propagation in inhomogeneous media,” Physics Review Letters, Vol. 94, 164301.
Wapenaar, K., 2006, “Green’s function retrieval by crosscorrelation in case of one-sided illumination,” Geophys. Res. Lett., Vol. 33, L19304.
Wapenaar, K., Draganov, D. and Robertsson, J., 2006, “Introduction to the supplement on seismic interferometry,” Geophysics, Vol. 71, pp. SI1-SI4.
Wapenaar, K. and Fokkema, J., 2006, “Green’s function representations for seismic interferometry,” Geophysics, Vol. 71, pp. SI133-SI146.
Wapenaar, K., Fokkema, J. and Snieder, R., 2005, “Retrieving the Green’s function in an open system by cross-correlation: A comparison of approaches (L),” J. Acoust. Soc. Am., Vol. 118, No. 5, pp. 2783-2786.
Weaver, R.L. and Lobkis, O.I., 2004, “Diffuse waves in open systems and the emergence of the Green’s function,” Journal of Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 116, pp. 2731-2734.
Yilmaz, O., 2001, Seismic Data Analysis, SEG.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering
Journal Title(Ko) :한국지구시스템공학회지
Volume : 48
No :3
Pages :309-322

[1] 김영완, 장성형, 윤왕중, 2007, “불균질 매질에서 탄성파 모델링,” 자원환경지질, 제40권 6호, pp. 739-749.

[2] 장성형, 김영완, 서상용, 고진석, 2009, “탄성파 간섭파를 이용한 음원파형 예측,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제46권 1호, pp. 36-44.

[3] 장성형, 서상용, 유동근, 2006, “MPI_PSPI를 이용한 중합전 깊이영역 구조보정,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제43권 6호, pp. 570-578.

[4] Bakulin, A. and Calvert, R., 2006, “The virtual source method: Theory and case study,” Geophysics, Vol. 71, pp. SI139-SI150.

[5] Claerbout, J.F., 1968, “Synthesis of a layered medium from its acoustic transmission response,” Geophysics, Vol. 33, pp. 264-269.

[6] de Hoop, A.T., 1988, “Time-domain reciprocity theorems for acoustic wave fields in fluids with relaxation,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am., Vol. 84, pp. 1877-1882.

[7] Derode, A., Larose, E., Campillo, M. and Fink, M., 2003, “How to estimate the Green's function of a heterogeneous medium between tow passive sensors? Application to acoustic waves,” Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 83, pp. 3054-3056.

[8] Fokkema, J.T. and van den Berg, P.M., 1993, Seismic applications of acoustic reciprocity, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

[9] Gazdag, J. and Sguazzero, P., 1984, “Migration of seismic data by phase shift plus interpolation,” Geophysics, Vol. 49, pp. 124-131.

[10] Jeong, S.C., Byun, J.M., Seol, S.J. and Yoo, D.G., 2010, “Generation of the reflected S-wave data from air-gun data by using virtual shear sources,” SEG 80th annual meeting Expanded abstracts, Denver, Colorado, 17-22 October, pp. 1677-1681.

[11] Shin, C., 1995, “Sponge boundary condition for frequencydomain modeling,” Geophysics, Vol. 60, pp. 1870-1874.

[12] Snieder, R., Wapenaar, K. and Larner, K., 2006, “Spurious multiples in seismic interferometry of primaries,” Geophysics, Vol. 71, SI111-SI124.

[13] van Manen, D.-J., Robertsson, J.O.A. and Curtis, A., 2005, “Modeling of wave propagation in inhomogeneous media,” Physics Review Letters, Vol. 94, 164301.

[14] Wapenaar, K., 2006, “Green’s function retrieval by crosscorrelation in case of one-sided illumination,” Geophys. Res. Lett., Vol. 33, L19304.

[15] Wapenaar, K., Draganov, D. and Robertsson, J., 2006, “Introduction to the supplement on seismic interferometry,” Geophysics, Vol. 71, pp. SI1-SI4.

[16] Wapenaar, K. and Fokkema, J., 2006, “Green’s function representations for seismic interferometry,” Geophysics, Vol. 71, pp. SI133-SI146.

[17] Wapenaar, K., Fokkema, J. and Snieder, R., 2005, “Retrieving the Green’s function in an open system by cross-correlation: A comparison of approaches (L),” J. Acoust. Soc. Am., Vol. 118, No. 5, pp. 2783-2786.

[18] Weaver, R.L. and Lobkis, O.I., 2004, “Diffuse waves in open systems and the emergence of the Green’s function,” Journal of Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 116, pp. 2731-2734.

[19] Yilmaz, O., 2001, Seismic Data Analysis, SEG.

Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers ISSN:2288-0291(Print) 2288-2790(Online) 한국자원공학회지

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