Estimating Fluid Saturation using High Pressure 2-phase Separator in Relative Permeability Measurement of CO2-Brine System

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2012 Vol.49, Issue 2 Preview Page

Research Paper

Estimating Fluid Saturation using High Pressure 2-phase Separator in Relative Permeability Measurement of CO2-Brine System CO2-염수 상대 투과도 측정에서 고압 2상 분리기를 이용한 포화도 측정: 정구선·이재형·허대기
Gusun Jeong, Jaehyoung Lee and Dae-gee Huh

30 April 2012. pp. 166-174

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Abstract

CO₂ geological storage has been recognized as one of the most effective CO₂ mitigation method due to its significant amount of storage capacity and high efficiency in the field application. CO₂-brine relative permeability data is necessary to understand the fluid flow, displacement characteristics and storage mechanism of injected CO₂ into deep saline aquifer. Most of the previous studies did not consider CO₂ solubility and only few CO₂-brine relative permeability data shows quantitative saturation measurement at aquifer condition. In this study we developed a high pressure 2-phase separator to quantitatively measure fluid saturation of CO₂-brine relative permeability and introduced a closed circulation system to consider CO₂ solubility. The relative permeability results measured using high pressure 2-phase separator are similar to the experimental results measured using CT scan.

Keywords

CO2 geological storage

Relative permeability

High pressure 2- phase separator

Saturation

CO₂ 지중저장은 막대한 양의 CO₂ 처분이 가능하고 현장 적용성이 높아 국제사회에서 효과적인 CO₂ 감축 방안 중 하나로 인정받고 있다. CO₂ 지중저장 시 대수층으로 주입된 CO₂의 유동 및 축출 특성, 저장 메커니즘을 이해하기 위해서는 염수와 CO₂의 상대 투과도 자료가 필요하다. 기존의 염수와 CO₂의 상대 투과도 측정 연구에서는 염수에 용해되는 CO₂의 양을 고려하지 않았고 대기압 조건에서 포화도를 결정하였기 때문에 불확실성을 내포하고 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 본 연구에서는 밀폐 순환형의 시스템을 도입하여 염수에 용해되는 CO₂의 양을 일정하게 유지시켰으며 고압 2상 분리기를 설계, 제작하여 실험 조건에서 암석 시료 내 포화되어 있는 유체의 양을 정량적으로 측정하였다. 고압 2상 분리기를 사용하여 측정된 염수와 CO₂의 상대 투과도 실험 결과는 CT scan을 사용하여 측정된 실험 결과와 상당히 유사한 양상을 보였다.

키워드

이산화탄소 지중저장

상대 투과도

고압 2상 분리기

포화도

References

김기홍, 2008, 상대투과도 측정 실험결과를 이용한 대염수층의 CO2 주입효율성 분석, 석사학위 논문, 한양대학교, 서울.
나익환, 전보현, 2011, “탄소배출권 거래제도에서 CO2 공법 적용 시 CCS의 경제성 연구,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제48권 6호, pp. 786-793.
손혜윤, 권순일, 성원모, 2006, “심부피압대염수층에의 이산화탄소 격리에 대한 해석적 연구,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제43권 4호, pp. 275-281.
유동근, 김길영, 박용찬, 허대기, 윤치호, 2007, “한반도 주변 해양의 이산화탄소 지중 처분 가능성,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제44권 6호, pp. 572-585.
윤치호, 2001, “온실효과 감소를 위한 이산화탄소의 격리에 관한 연구,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제38권 4호, pp. 316-321.
이영수, 박용찬, 권순일, 성원모, 2008, “국내 대륙붕 고래 V구조 대염수층에의 CO2 저장 타당성 분석 연구,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제45권 4호, pp. 381-393.
이원석, 허대기, 성원모, 김현태, 1996, “비정상유동법에 의한 상대유체투과율 측정,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제33권, pp. 413-420.
장영호, 김기홍, 성원모, 2010, “고래 V 구조내 대염수층에 노달분석을 통한 CO2 주입 최적 설계,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, Vol. 47, No. 6, pp. 862-870.
Bachu, S. and Adams, J.J., 2003, “Sequestration of CO2 in Geologic Media in Response to Climate Change: Capacity of Deep Saline Aquifers to Sequester CO2 in Solution,” Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 44, pp. 3151-3175.
Bennion, B. and Bachu, S., 2006, “Dependence on Temperature, Pressure, and Salinity of the IFT and Relative Permeability Displacement Characteristics of CO2 Injected in Deep Saline Aquifers,” SPE 102138 paper presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, San Antonio, Texas, USA, September 24-27.
Bennion, B. and Bachu, S., 2010, “Drainage and imbibition CO2/Brine Relative Permeability Curves at Reservoir Conditions for Carbonate Formations,” SPE 134028 paper presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Florence, Italy, september 19-22.
Eslinger, E. and Pevear, D., 1988, Clay Minerals for Petroleum Geologists and Engineers, SEPM Short Course, No. 22, Tulsa, OK
Gray, D.H., and Rex, R., 1985, “Formation Damage in Sandstones Caused by Clay Dispersion and Migration,” SPE 14317 paper Presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Las Vegas, Nevada, september 22-26.
IEA (International Energy Agency)., 2008, Energy Technology Perspectives 2008: Scenarios and Strategies to 2050. OECE/IEA, Paris, France, June. pp. 40-41.
Johnson, E. F., Bossler, D. P. and Naumann, V. O., 1959, “Calculation of Relative Permeability from Displacement Experiments,” Trans. AIME, Vol. 216, pp. 370-372.
Jones, S. C. and Roszelle, W. O., 1978, “Graphical Techniques for Determining Relative Permeability From Displacement Experiments,” Journal of Petroleum Technology, Vol. 30, No. 5, pp. 807-817.
Lake, L. W., 1989, Enhanced Oil Recovery, Prentice-Hall Inc., New Jersey, pp. 78-82.
Ma, S. and Morrow, N.R., 1991, “Effect of Firing on Petrophysical Properties of Berea Sandstone,” SPE Formation Evaluation, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 213-218.
McCain, W. D., 1991, “Reservoir Fluid Property Correlations-State of the Art,” SPE Reservoir Engineering, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 266-72.
National Institute for Standards and Technology, http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/fluid/.
Nelson, R. C., Lawson, J.B., Thigpen, D.R. and Stegemeier, G.L., 1984. “Cosurfactant-Enhanced Alkaline Flooding,” SPE 12672 paper Presented at the SPE Enhanced Oil Recovery Symposium, Tulsa, Oklahoma, April 15-18.
Liu, N., Ghorpade, S., Harris, Lee, Li, L., Grigg, R. and Lee, R., 2010, “The Effect of Pressure and Temperature on Brine-CO2 Relative Permeability and IFT at Reservoir Conditions,” SPE 139029 paper presented at the SPE Eastern Regional Meeting, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA, October 12-14.
Perrin, J. C. and Benson, S., 2010, “An Experimental Study on the Influence of Sub-Core Scale Heterogeneities on CO2 Distribution in Reservoir Rocks,” Transport in porous media, Vol. 82, No. 1, pp. 93-109.
Potts, D.E. and Kuehne, D.L., 1988, “Strategy for Alkaline/Polymer Flood Design with Berea and Reservoir rock Corefloods,” SPE Rservoir Engineering, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 1143-1152.
Richardson, J. G., Kerver, J. K., Hafford, J. A. and Osoba, J. S., 1952, “Laboratory Determination of Relative Permeability,” Trans. AIME, Vol. 195, pp. 187-196.
Shaw, J.C., Churcher, P.L. and Hawkins, B.F., 1991. “The Effect of Firing on Berea Sandstone,” SPE Formation Evaluation, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 72-78.
Talash, A. W., 1976, “Experimental and Calculated Relative Permeability Data for Systems Containing Tension Additives,” SPE 5810 paper Presented at the SPE Improved Oil Recovery Symposium, Tulsa, Oklahoma, March 22-24.
Yamasaki, A., 2003, “An Overview of CO2 Mitigation Options for Global Warming - Emphasizing CO2 Sequestration Options,” J. of Chemical Engineering of Japan, Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 361-375.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering
Journal Title(Ko) :한국지구시스템공학회지
Volume : 49
No :2
Pages :166-174

[1] 김기홍, 2008, 상대투과도 측정 실험결과를 이용한 대염수층의 CO2 주입효율성 분석, 석사학위 논문, 한양대학교, 서울.

[2] 나익환, 전보현, 2011, “탄소배출권 거래제도에서 CO2 공법 적용 시 CCS의 경제성 연구,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제48권 6호, pp. 786-793.

[3] 손혜윤, 권순일, 성원모, 2006, “심부피압대염수층에의 이산화탄소 격리에 대한 해석적 연구,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제43권 4호, pp. 275-281.

[4] 유동근, 김길영, 박용찬, 허대기, 윤치호, 2007, “한반도 주변 해양의 이산화탄소 지중 처분 가능성,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제44권 6호, pp. 572-585.

[5] 윤치호, 2001, “온실효과 감소를 위한 이산화탄소의 격리에 관한 연구,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제38권 4호, pp. 316-321.

[6] 이영수, 박용찬, 권순일, 성원모, 2008, “국내 대륙붕 고래 V구조 대염수층에의 CO2 저장 타당성 분석 연구,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제45권 4호, pp. 381-393.

[7] 이원석, 허대기, 성원모, 김현태, 1996, “비정상유동법에 의한 상대유체투과율 측정,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제33권, pp. 413-420.

[8] 장영호, 김기홍, 성원모, 2010, “고래 V 구조내 대염수층에 노달분석을 통한 CO2 주입 최적 설계,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, Vol. 47, No. 6, pp. 862-870.

[9] Bachu, S. and Adams, J.J., 2003, “Sequestration of CO2 in Geologic Media in Response to Climate Change: Capacity of Deep Saline Aquifers to Sequester CO2 in Solution,” Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 44, pp. 3151-3175.

[10] Bennion, B. and Bachu, S., 2006, “Dependence on Temperature, Pressure, and Salinity of the IFT and Relative Permeability Displacement Characteristics of CO2 Injected in Deep Saline Aquifers,” SPE 102138 paper presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, San Antonio, Texas, USA, September 24-27.

[11] Bennion, B. and Bachu, S., 2010, “Drainage and imbibition CO2/Brine Relative Permeability Curves at Reservoir Conditions for Carbonate Formations,” SPE 134028 paper presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Florence, Italy, september 19-22.

[12] Eslinger, E. and Pevear, D., 1988, Clay Minerals for Petroleum Geologists and Engineers, SEPM Short Course, No. 22, Tulsa, OK

[13] Gray, D.H., and Rex, R., 1985, “Formation Damage in Sandstones Caused by Clay Dispersion and Migration,” SPE 14317 paper Presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Las Vegas, Nevada, september 22-26.

[14] IEA (International Energy Agency)., 2008, Energy Technology Perspectives 2008: Scenarios and Strategies to 2050. OECE/IEA, Paris, France, June. pp. 40-41.

[15] Johnson, E. F., Bossler, D. P. and Naumann, V. O., 1959, “Calculation of Relative Permeability from Displacement Experiments,” Trans. AIME, Vol. 216, pp. 370-372.

[16] Jones, S. C. and Roszelle, W. O., 1978, “Graphical Techniques for Determining Relative Permeability From Displacement Experiments,” Journal of Petroleum Technology, Vol. 30, No. 5, pp. 807-817.

[17] Lake, L. W., 1989, Enhanced Oil Recovery, Prentice-Hall Inc., New Jersey, pp. 78-82.

[18] Ma, S. and Morrow, N.R., 1991, “Effect of Firing on Petrophysical Properties of Berea Sandstone,” SPE Formation Evaluation, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 213-218.

[19] McCain, W. D., 1991, “Reservoir Fluid Property Correlations-State of the Art,” SPE Reservoir Engineering, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 266-72.

[20] National Institute for Standards and Technology, http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/fluid/.

[21] Nelson, R. C., Lawson, J.B., Thigpen, D.R. and Stegemeier, G.L., 1984. “Cosurfactant-Enhanced Alkaline Flooding,” SPE 12672 paper Presented at the SPE Enhanced Oil Recovery Symposium, Tulsa, Oklahoma, April 15-18.

[22] Liu, N., Ghorpade, S., Harris, Lee, Li, L., Grigg, R. and Lee, R., 2010, “The Effect of Pressure and Temperature on Brine-CO2 Relative Permeability and IFT at Reservoir Conditions,” SPE 139029 paper presented at the SPE Eastern Regional Meeting, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA, October 12-14.

[23] Perrin, J. C. and Benson, S., 2010, “An Experimental Study on the Influence of Sub-Core Scale Heterogeneities on CO2 Distribution in Reservoir Rocks,” Transport in porous media, Vol. 82, No. 1, pp. 93-109.

[24] Potts, D.E. and Kuehne, D.L., 1988, “Strategy for Alkaline/Polymer Flood Design with Berea and Reservoir rock Corefloods,” SPE Rservoir Engineering, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 1143-1152.

[25] Richardson, J. G., Kerver, J. K., Hafford, J. A. and Osoba, J. S., 1952, “Laboratory Determination of Relative Permeability,” Trans. AIME, Vol. 195, pp. 187-196.

[26] Shaw, J.C., Churcher, P.L. and Hawkins, B.F., 1991. “The Effect of Firing on Berea Sandstone,” SPE Formation Evaluation, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 72-78.

[27] Talash, A. W., 1976, “Experimental and Calculated Relative Permeability Data for Systems Containing Tension Additives,” SPE 5810 paper Presented at the SPE Improved Oil Recovery Symposium, Tulsa, Oklahoma, March 22-24.

[28] Yamasaki, A., 2003, “An Overview of CO2 Mitigation Options for Global Warming - Emphasizing CO2 Sequestration Options,” J. of Chemical Engineering of Japan, Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 361-375.

Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers ISSN:2288-0291(Print) 2288-2790(Online) 한국자원공학회지

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