New Software for Simulating Truck-Shovel Operation in Open Pit Mines

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2011 Vol.48, Issue 4 Preview Page Next Page

New Software for Simulating Truck-Shovel Operation in Open Pit Mines 노천 채광장의 적재-운반 작업을 위한 시뮬레이션 소프트웨어 개발: 최요순
Yosoon Choi

31 August 2011. pp. 448-459

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Abstract

This paper presents new software for simulating truck-shovel operation in open pit mines. The GPSS/H simulation language was used to develop a simulator, and Windows programing using Visual Basic.NET was carried out to create a graphical user interface that allows to generate input data files for the simulator, to run the simulator and to show simulation results. A case study showed that the software can determine the optimal number of trucks assigned to a truck-shovel operation system by considering different loading types (i.e., single-sided loading and double-sided loading). A sensitivity analysis revealed that effects of trucks’ initial dispatch intervals are not significant to the truck-shovel operation system rather than the number of trucks. It is expected that the method for interfacing GPSS/H simulation language and Windows programing can be widely used in the mining industry to develop new software for mining simulations.

Keywords

Open pit mines

Truck-shovel operation

Simulation

GPSS/H

Software

본 연구에서는 노천 채광장의 적재-운반 작업을 시뮬레이션 할 수 있는 새로운 소프트웨어를 개발하였다. 시뮬레이터 개발을 위해 GPSS/H 시뮬레이션 언어를 사용하였고, Visual Basic.NET을 이용한 윈도우즈 프로그래밍을 수행하여 사용자가 그래픽 인터페이스를 통해 시뮬레이터에 입력될 파일을 생성하고, 시뮬레이션을 실행하며, 시뮬레이션 결과를 효과적으로 확인할 수 있도록 하였다. 개발된 소프트웨어를 사용하여 사례연구를 수행한 결과 적재장비의 공간 활용 유형에 따라 채광장에 투입되어야할 최적의 트럭 수를 결정할 수 있었다. 채광장에 투입되는 트럭의 수가 최적화되면 트럭들의 초기 배차시간 간격이 시스템의 효율에 미치는 영향은 크지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 제안한 GPSS/H 시뮬레이션 언어와 윈도우즈 프로그래밍 기법의 연계 기술은 추후 광업 분야의 다양한 시뮬레이션 소프트웨어 개발을 위해 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

키워드

노천광산

적재-운반 작업

시뮬레이션

GPSS/H

소프트웨어

References

최요순, 선우춘, 박형동, 2007, “대규모 노천광산의 운반 효율성 향상을 위한 덤프트럭의 최적 운반경로 분석,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제44권 6호, pp. 477-491.
Aksoy, M. and Yalcin, E., 2000, “A computer program for open pit mine equipment selection: TruckMac,” In: Panagiotou, G.N. and Michalakopoulos, T.N. (eds), Mine Planning and Equipment Selection 2000, Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands, pp. 499-503.
Alarie, S. and Gamache, M., 2002, “Overview of solution strategies used in truck dispatching systems for open pit mines,” International Journal of Surface Mining, Reclamation and Environment, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 59-76.
Blackwell, G.H., 1999, “Estimation of large open pit haulage truck requirements,” CIM Bulletin, Vol. 92, No. 1028, pp. 143-149.
Bonates, E.J.L., 1996, “Interactive truck haulage simulation program,” In: Hennies, W.T., Ayres Da Silva, L.A. and Chaves, A.P. (eds), Mine Planning and Equipment Selection 1996, Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands, pp. 51-57.
Cardu, M., Sacerdote, I., Magro, A. and Crosa, M., 2004, “Analysis of possible alternatives for the exploration and hauling system in a marl mine (Tavernola BG, Italy),” In: Hardygora, M., Paszkowska, G. and Sikora, M. (eds), Mine Planning and Equipment Selection 2004, Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK, pp. 543-551.
Choi, Y. and Nieto, A., 2011, “Optimal haulage routing of off-road dump trucks in construction and mining sites using Google Earth and a modified least-cost path algorithm,” Automation in Construction, in-press, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2011.03.015.
Choi, Y., Park, H.D., Sunwoo, C. and Clarke, K.C., 2009, “Multi-criteria evaluation and least-cost path analysis for optimal haulage routing of dump trucks in large scale open-pit mines,” International Journal of Geographical Information Science, Vol. 23, No. 12, pp. 1541-1567.
Ercelebi, S.G. and Bascetin, A., 2009, “Optimization of shovel-truck system for surface mining,” The Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Vol. 109, pp. 433-439.
Hauck, R.F., 1979, “Computer-controlled truck dispatching in open-pit mines,” In: Weiss, A. (eds), Computer Methods for the 80’s in the Mineral Industry, Society of Mining Engineers of the American Institute of Minning, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, New York, USA, pp. 735-742.
Hays, R.M., 1990, “Truck,” In: Kennedy, B. A. (eds), Surface Mining, Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Littleton, USA, pp. 672-691.
Krause, A. and Musingwini, C. 2007, “Modelling open pit shovel-truck systems using the machine repair model,” The Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Vol. 107, pp. 469-476.
Newman, A.M., Rubio, E., Caro, R., Weintraub, A. and Eurek, K., 2010, “A review of operations research in mine planning,” Interfaces, Vol. 40, No. 3, pp. 222-245.
Niemann-Delius, C. and Fedurek, B., 2004, “Computer-aided simulation of loading and transport in medium and small scale surface mines,” In: Hardygora, M., Paszkowska, G. and Sikora, M. (eds), Mine Planning and Equipment Selection 2004, Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK, pp. 579-584.
Oraee, K. and Asi, B., 2004, “Fuzzy model for truck allocation in surface mines,” In: Hardygora, M., Paszkowska, G. and Sikora, M. (eds), Mine Planning and Equipment Selection 2004, Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK, pp. 585-591.
Osanloo, M., Gholamnejad, J. and Karimi, B., 2008, “Longterm open pit mine production planning: A review of models and algorithms,” International Journal of Mining, Reclamation and Environment, Vol 22, No. 1, pp. 3-35.
Sturgul, J.R., 2000, Mine Design: Examples using Simulation, Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Littleton, USA, pp. 7-32.
Suboleski, S.C., 1975, Mine Systems Engineering Lecture Notes, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
Temeng, V.A., 1997, A Computerized Model for Truck Dispatching in Open Pit Mines, PhD dissertation, Michigan Technological University, Michigan, USA.
Topuz, E. and Duan, C., 1989, “A survey of operations research applications in the mining industry,” CIM Bulletin, Vol. 82, No. 925, pp. 48-40.
Yan, S. and Lai, W., 2007, “An optimal scheduling model for ready mixed concrete supply with overtime considerations,” Automation in Construction, Vol. 16, No. 6, pp. 734-744.
Zhang, H., 2008, “Multi-objective simulation-optimization for earthmoving operations,” Automation in Construction, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 79-86.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering
Journal Title(Ko) :한국지구시스템공학회지
Volume : 48
No :4
Pages :448-459

[1] 최요순, 선우춘, 박형동, 2007, “대규모 노천광산의 운반 효율성 향상을 위한 덤프트럭의 최적 운반경로 분석,” 한국지구시스템공학회지, 제44권 6호, pp. 477-491.

[2] Aksoy, M. and Yalcin, E., 2000, “A computer program for open pit mine equipment selection: TruckMac,” In: Panagiotou, G.N. and Michalakopoulos, T.N. (eds), Mine Planning and Equipment Selection 2000, Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands, pp. 499-503.

[3] Alarie, S. and Gamache, M., 2002, “Overview of solution strategies used in truck dispatching systems for open pit mines,” International Journal of Surface Mining, Reclamation and Environment, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 59-76.

[4] Blackwell, G.H., 1999, “Estimation of large open pit haulage truck requirements,” CIM Bulletin, Vol. 92, No. 1028, pp. 143-149.

[5] Bonates, E.J.L., 1996, “Interactive truck haulage simulation program,” In: Hennies, W.T., Ayres Da Silva, L.A. and Chaves, A.P. (eds), Mine Planning and Equipment Selection 1996, Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands, pp. 51-57.

[6] Cardu, M., Sacerdote, I., Magro, A. and Crosa, M., 2004, “Analysis of possible alternatives for the exploration and hauling system in a marl mine (Tavernola BG, Italy),” In: Hardygora, M., Paszkowska, G. and Sikora, M. (eds), Mine Planning and Equipment Selection 2004, Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK, pp. 543-551.

[7] Choi, Y. and Nieto, A., 2011, “Optimal haulage routing of off-road dump trucks in construction and mining sites using Google Earth and a modified least-cost path algorithm,” Automation in Construction, in-press, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2011.03.015.

[8] Choi, Y., Park, H.D., Sunwoo, C. and Clarke, K.C., 2009, “Multi-criteria evaluation and least-cost path analysis for optimal haulage routing of dump trucks in large scale open-pit mines,” International Journal of Geographical Information Science, Vol. 23, No. 12, pp. 1541-1567.

[9] Ercelebi, S.G. and Bascetin, A., 2009, “Optimization of shovel-truck system for surface mining,” The Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Vol. 109, pp. 433-439.

[10] Hauck, R.F., 1979, “Computer-controlled truck dispatching in open-pit mines,” In: Weiss, A. (eds), Computer Methods for the 80’s in the Mineral Industry, Society of Mining Engineers of the American Institute of Minning, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, New York, USA, pp. 735-742.

[11] Hays, R.M., 1990, “Truck,” In: Kennedy, B. A. (eds), Surface Mining, Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Littleton, USA, pp. 672-691.

[12] Krause, A. and Musingwini, C. 2007, “Modelling open pit shovel-truck systems using the machine repair model,” The Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Vol. 107, pp. 469-476.

[13] Newman, A.M., Rubio, E., Caro, R., Weintraub, A. and Eurek, K., 2010, “A review of operations research in mine planning,” Interfaces, Vol. 40, No. 3, pp. 222-245.

[14] Niemann-Delius, C. and Fedurek, B., 2004, “Computer-aided simulation of loading and transport in medium and small scale surface mines,” In: Hardygora, M., Paszkowska, G. and Sikora, M. (eds), Mine Planning and Equipment Selection 2004, Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK, pp. 579-584.

[15] Oraee, K. and Asi, B., 2004, “Fuzzy model for truck allocation in surface mines,” In: Hardygora, M., Paszkowska, G. and Sikora, M. (eds), Mine Planning and Equipment Selection 2004, Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK, pp. 585-591.

[16] Osanloo, M., Gholamnejad, J. and Karimi, B., 2008, “Longterm open pit mine production planning: A review of models and algorithms,” International Journal of Mining, Reclamation and Environment, Vol 22, No. 1, pp. 3-35.

[17] Sturgul, J.R., 2000, Mine Design: Examples using Simulation, Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Littleton, USA, pp. 7-32.

[18] Suboleski, S.C., 1975, Mine Systems Engineering Lecture Notes, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.

[19] Temeng, V.A., 1997, A Computerized Model for Truck Dispatching in Open Pit Mines, PhD dissertation, Michigan Technological University, Michigan, USA.

[20] Topuz, E. and Duan, C., 1989, “A survey of operations research applications in the mining industry,” CIM Bulletin, Vol. 82, No. 925, pp. 48-40.

[21] Yan, S. and Lai, W., 2007, “An optimal scheduling model for ready mixed concrete supply with overtime considerations,” Automation in Construction, Vol. 16, No. 6, pp. 734-744.

[22] Zhang, H., 2008, “Multi-objective simulation-optimization for earthmoving operations,” Automation in Construction, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 79-86.

Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers 한국자원공학회지 ISSN:2288-0291(Print) 2288-2790(Online)

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