Petroleum Geology of the Sea of Okhotsk Region, the Russian Far East

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Petroleum Geology of the Sea of Okhotsk Region, the Russian Far East 러시아 극동 오호츠크 해 지역의 석유지질: 고재홍
Jaehong Ko

31 December 2010. pp. 956-974

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Abstract

The Sea of Okhotsk region, the Russian Far East is the giant frontier petroleum province that includes the Sakhalin shelf with recoverable oil reserves of 7 billion barrels and natural gas reserves of 80 Tcf, and Magadan and West Kamchatka shelves having comparable hydrocarbon potentials. The petroleum system of Sakhalin developed with the paleo-Amur deltaic sedimentary system. Reservoir rocks are mainly fine- to medium-grained sandstones of Dagi, Okobykay, and Nutovo formations, which deposited in coastal plain and delta plain and front environments during Miocene to Pliocene. Source rocks are deep marine diatomaceous shales of Oligocene to Upper Miocene age and prodeltaic and basinal shales of Middle Miocene to Pliocene age. Traps are anticlines formed as a result of Pliocene transpression. The West Kamchatka basin that consists of up to 7 km thick Tertiary sediments bears a similarity in many respects to the North Sakhalin basin. More than 40 prospective structures have been identified, and recoverable oil resources are estimated at more than 7.5 billion barrels. Magadan shelf displays several E-W trending grabens filled with Paleogene sediment and covered by Neogene and Quaternary strata. More than 50 structures developed in association with horsts and basement highs related to rifting and anticlines resulting from structural inversion.

Keywords

Okhotsk

Sakhalin

West Kamchatka

Magadan

Petroleum system

러시아 극동 오호츠크 해 지역은 회수가능 매장량 석유 70억 배럴, 가스 80 Tcf에 달하는 사할린 대륙붕과 그에 못지않은 높은 부존 잠재력을 가지고 있는 마가단 및 서 캄차카 대륙붕을 포함하는 거대 미개척 석유지역이다. 사할린의 석유 시스템은 고 아무르 강의 삼각주 퇴적체를 근간으로 구성되는데, 저류암은 마이오세~플라이오세 Dagi, Okobykay, Nutovo 층에 분포하는 해안 평원, 삼각주 평원 및 전면에서 퇴적된 중․세립질 사암이고, 근원암은 올리고세～마이오세 전기 원양성 규조질 암석과 마이오세 중기～플라이오세 전삼각주 및 분지저 셰일이며, 플라이오세 횡압축에 의한 배사 구조가 트랩을 형성한다. 서 캄차카 분지는 최대 두께 7 km에 달하는 신생대 퇴적층을 포함하고, 40 여개의 잠재적 유망 구조가 확인되며, 추정되는 회수가능 원유 부존량이 75억 배럴 이상으로 북 사할린 분지에 필적한다. 마가단 대륙붕에는 신생대 고기 퇴적층으로 채워지고 신생대 신기～제4기 층에 의해 덮인 여러 개의 동서 방향으로 발달한 지구들이 분포하며, 열개 구조에 수반되는 지루 또는 기반암 융기부, 구조 역전으로 형성된 배사 등 50 여개의 유망 구조가 있다.

키워드

오호츠크

사할린

서 캄차카

마가단

석유 시스템

References

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에너지경제연구원, 2006, 사할린 에너지자원 광구개발 참여전략 II, 에너지경제연구원, 서울, p. 196.
Alekseev, A.V., Baklanov, P.J., Arzamastsev, I.S., Blinov, Yu.G., Fedorovskii, A.S., Kachur, A.N., Khrapchenkov, F.F., Medvedeva, I.A., Minakir, P.A., Titova, G.D., Vlasov, A.V., Voronov, B.A., and H. Ishitobi, 2006, “Sea of Okhotsk,” GIWA Regional assessment 30, United Nations Environment Programme, University of Kalmar, Kalmar, Sweden.
Aportia, T, Mathis, R., Powerll, R.J., and Venner, B., 2007, “Chayvo Field, Sakhalin Island, Russia: Identification of a significant oil leg from 3-D seismic and execution of a world class extended reach drilling program,” American Association of Petroleum Geologists Annual Convention, Long Beach, California, U.S.A., April 1-4, 2007.
Belonin, M.D., Chilingar, G.V., and Grigorenko, Y.N., 1996, “Hydrocarbon distribution in sedimentary basins of Northeastern Asia,” Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, Vol. 15, No. 2-4, pp. 261-269.
Bogdanov, N.A. and Dobretsov, N.L., 2002, “The Okhotsk Volcanic Plateau,” Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 97-110.
Cook, D.B., Fujita, K., and McMullen, C.A., 1986, “Presentday plate interactions in northeast Asia: North American, Eurasian, and Okhotsk plates,” Journal of Geodynamics, Vol. 6, No. 1-4, pp. 33-51.
Davies, C., Poynter, S., MacDonald, D., Flecker, R, Voronova, L, Galverson, V., Kovtunovich, P., Fotyanova, L., and Blanc, E., 2005, “Facies analysis of the Noegene delta of the Amur River, Sakhalin, Russian Far East: Controls of sand distribution,” In L. Giosan and J.P. Bhattacharya (Eds.) River Deltas-Concepts, Models and Examples, Society for Sedimentary Geology Special Publication No. 83, Tulsa, Oklahoma, U.S.A., pp. 207-229.
Demets, C., 1992, “A test of present-day plate geometries for northeast Asia and Japan,” Journal of Geolphysical Research, Vol. 97, No. B12, pp. 17627-17635.
Fournier, M., Jolivet, L., Huchon, P., Sergeyev, K.F., and Oscorbin, L.S., 1994, “Neogene strike-slip faulting in Sakhalin and the Japan Sea opening,” Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 99, No. B2, pp. 2701-2725.
Gnibidenko, H.S. and Khvedchuk, I.I., 1982, “The tectonics of the Okhotsk Sea,” Marine Geology, Vol. 50, No. 3, pp. 155-198.
Gnibidenko, H.S. and Svarichevsky, A.S., 1984, “Tectonics of the south Okhotsk deep-sea basin,” Tectonophysics, Vol. 102, No. 1-4, pp. 225-244.
Hourigan, J.K., Brandon, M.T., Soloviev, A.V., Kirmasov, A.B., Garver, J.I., Stevenson, J., and Reiners, P.W., 2009, “Eocene arc-continent collision and crustal consolidation in Kamchatka, Russian Far East,” American Journal of Science, Vol. 309, No. 5, pp. 333-396.
Karp, B.Ya., Karnaukh, V.N., Baranov, B.V., and Dozorova, K.A., 2006, “Seismic stratigraphy and sedimentary processes on the Kurile Basin northern slope (Okhotsk Sea),” Marine Geology, Vol. 228, No. 1, pp. 1-14.
Khvedchuk, I., 1993, “The petroleum basins of the sea of Okhotsk,” American Association of Petroleum Geologists Mid-Continent Section Meeting, Amarillo, Texas, U.S.A., Oct. 10-12, 1993.
Konstantinovskaya, E., 2004, “Collision and extension at continental margins: Example of the Sea of Okhotsk,” American Geophysical Union 2004 Fall Meeting, San Francisco, Californica, U.S.A., Dec. 13-17, 2004.Krovushkina, O.A., 2001, “Structure and petroleum prospectivity of the Magadan sedimentary basin,” Geologiya Nefti i Gaza, Vol. 37, No. 1 (English Abstract On the Web, http://reocities.com/ResearchTriangle/campus/5317/L166a.html).
Li, M., Stasiuk, L., Maxwell, R., Monnier, F., and Bazhenova, O., 2006, “Geochemical and petrological evidence for Tertiary terrestrial and Cretaceous marine potential petroleum source rocks in the western Kamchatka coastal margin, Russia,” Organic Geochemistry, Vol. 37, No. 3, pp. 304-320.
Lindquist, S.J., 2000, The North Sakhalin Neogene Total Petroleum System of Eastern Russia, U.S. Geological Survey Open File 99-50-O, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA. U.S.A., p. 18.
Lomtev, V.L., Patrikeev, V.N., and Gurinov, M.G., 2009, “New data on the structure of the Sea of Okhotsk Bottom,” Russian Journal of Pacific Geology, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 201-209.
Mavrinski, Y. and Koblov, E., 1993, “Petroleum basins of Sakhalin and adjacent shelf,” American Association of Petroleum Geologists International Conference and Exhibition, The Hague, Netherlands, October 17-20, 1993.
Maxwell, R. and Chinakayev, R., 1999, “Potential outlined for Kamchatka back-arc basin, Far East Russia,” Oil and Gas Journal, Vol. 97, No. 3, pp. 98-101.
McElfresh, S.B.Z., Harbert, W., Ku, C-Y., and Lin, J-S., 2002, “Stress modeling of tectonic blocks at Cape Kamchatka, Russia using principal stress proxies from high-resolution SAR: new evidence for the Komandorskiy Block,” Tectonophysics, Vol. 354, No. 1-2, pp. 239-256.
Meisling, K.E. and Wagne, J.B., 1996, “Strike-slip structural styles and petroleum system evolution, northeast Sakhalin Island,” American Association of Petroleum Geologists Annual Convention, San Diego, California, U.S.A., May 19-22, 1996.
Meyerhoff, A.A., 1983, “Energy Resources of Soviet Arctic and Subarctic regions,” Cold Regions Science and Technology, Vol. 7, pp. 89-166.
Nokleberg, W.J., Parfenov, L.M., Monger, J.W.H., Norton, I.O., Khanchukl, A.I., Stone, D.B., Scotese, C.R., Sholl, D.W., and Fujita, K., 2001, Phanerozoic Tectonic Evolution of the Circum-North Pacific, U.S. Geological Professional Paper 1626, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA. U.S.A., p. 122.
Nokleberg, W.J. (ed.), 2010, Metallogenesis and Tectonics of Northeast Asia, U.S. Geological Professional Paper 1765, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA. U.S.A.
Parfenov, L.M. and Natalin, B.A., 1986, “Mesozoic tectonic evolution of northeastern Asia,” Tectonophysics, Vol. 127, No. 3-4, pp. 291-304.
Rozhdestvensky, V.S., 1986, “Evolution of the Sakhalin fold system,” Tectonophysics, Vol. 127, No. 3-4, pp. 331-339.
Savostin, L., Zonenshain, L., and Baranov, B., 1983, “Geology and plate tectonics of the Sea of Okhotsk,” In W.C. Hilde and S. Uyeda (Eds.) Geodynamics of the Western Pacific-Indonesian Region, Geodynamics Series Volume 11, American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., U.S.A., pp. 189-221.
Shapiro, M.N. and Soloviev, A.V., 2009, “Formation of the Olyutorsky-Kamchtka foldbelt: a kinematic model,” Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 50, No. 8, pp. 668-681.
Silverman, M.R., 1990, “Petroleum geology of Sakhalin Island, USSR” (abstract), American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, Vol. 74., No. 5, p. 764.
Soloviev, A., Garver, J.I., and Ledneva, G., 2006, “Cretaceous accretionary complex related to Okhotsk-Chukotka Subduction, Omgon Range, Western Kamchatka, Russian Far East,” Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 437-453.
Terekhov, E.P., Tsoy, I.B., Vashchenkova, N.G., Mozherovskii, A.V., and Gorovaya, M.T., 2009, “Sedimentation settings and evolution history of the Kuril Basin (Sea of Okhotsk) in the Cenozoic,” Oceanology, Vol. 48, No. 4, pp. 569-577.
Tull, S.J., 1997, “The diversity of hydrocarbon habitat in Russia,” Petroleum Geoscience, Vol. 3, pp. 315-325.
Weaver, R., Roberts, A.P., Flecker, R., and Macdonald, D.I.M., 2004, “Tertiary geodynamics of Sakhalin (NW Pacific) from anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility fabrics and paleomagnetic data,” Tectonophysics, Vol. 379, No. 1-4, pp. 25-42.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering
Journal Title(Ko) :한국지구시스템공학회지
Volume : 47
No :6
Pages :956-974

[1] 김대형, 2003, “러시아 동시베리아-극동지역 석유･가스 개발 정책과 한국의 참여 방안,” 한국시베리아연구, 제6집, pp. 133-151.

[2] 에너지경제연구원, 2006, 사할린 에너지자원 광구개발 참여전략 II, 에너지경제연구원, 서울, p. 196.

[3] Alekseev, A.V., Baklanov, P.J., Arzamastsev, I.S., Blinov, Yu.G., Fedorovskii, A.S., Kachur, A.N., Khrapchenkov, F.F., Medvedeva, I.A., Minakir, P.A., Titova, G.D., Vlasov, A.V., Voronov, B.A., and H. Ishitobi, 2006, “Sea of Okhotsk,” GIWA Regional assessment 30, United Nations Environment Programme, University of Kalmar, Kalmar, Sweden.

[4] Aportia, T, Mathis, R., Powerll, R.J., and Venner, B., 2007, “Chayvo Field, Sakhalin Island, Russia: Identification of a significant oil leg from 3-D seismic and execution of a world class extended reach drilling program,” American Association of Petroleum Geologists Annual Convention, Long Beach, California, U.S.A., April 1-4, 2007.

[5] Belonin, M.D., Chilingar, G.V., and Grigorenko, Y.N., 1996, “Hydrocarbon distribution in sedimentary basins of Northeastern Asia,” Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, Vol. 15, No. 2-4, pp. 261-269.

[6] Bogdanov, N.A. and Dobretsov, N.L., 2002, “The Okhotsk Volcanic Plateau,” Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 97-110.

[7] Cook, D.B., Fujita, K., and McMullen, C.A., 1986, “Presentday plate interactions in northeast Asia: North American, Eurasian, and Okhotsk plates,” Journal of Geodynamics, Vol. 6, No. 1-4, pp. 33-51.

[8] Davies, C., Poynter, S., MacDonald, D., Flecker, R, Voronova, L, Galverson, V., Kovtunovich, P., Fotyanova, L., and Blanc, E., 2005, “Facies analysis of the Noegene delta of the Amur River, Sakhalin, Russian Far East: Controls of sand distribution,” In L. Giosan and J.P. Bhattacharya (Eds.) River Deltas-Concepts, Models and Examples, Society for Sedimentary Geology Special Publication No. 83, Tulsa, Oklahoma, U.S.A., pp. 207-229.

[9] Demets, C., 1992, “A test of present-day plate geometries for northeast Asia and Japan,” Journal of Geolphysical Research, Vol. 97, No. B12, pp. 17627-17635.

[10] Fournier, M., Jolivet, L., Huchon, P., Sergeyev, K.F., and Oscorbin, L.S., 1994, “Neogene strike-slip faulting in Sakhalin and the Japan Sea opening,” Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 99, No. B2, pp. 2701-2725.

[11] Gnibidenko, H.S. and Khvedchuk, I.I., 1982, “The tectonics of the Okhotsk Sea,” Marine Geology, Vol. 50, No. 3, pp. 155-198.

[12] Gnibidenko, H.S. and Svarichevsky, A.S., 1984, “Tectonics of the south Okhotsk deep-sea basin,” Tectonophysics, Vol. 102, No. 1-4, pp. 225-244.

[13] Hourigan, J.K., Brandon, M.T., Soloviev, A.V., Kirmasov, A.B., Garver, J.I., Stevenson, J., and Reiners, P.W., 2009, “Eocene arc-continent collision and crustal consolidation in Kamchatka, Russian Far East,” American Journal of Science, Vol. 309, No. 5, pp. 333-396.

[14] Karp, B.Ya., Karnaukh, V.N., Baranov, B.V., and Dozorova, K.A., 2006, “Seismic stratigraphy and sedimentary processes on the Kurile Basin northern slope (Okhotsk Sea),” Marine Geology, Vol. 228, No. 1, pp. 1-14.

[15] Khvedchuk, I., 1993, “The petroleum basins of the sea of Okhotsk,” American Association of Petroleum Geologists Mid-Continent Section Meeting, Amarillo, Texas, U.S.A., Oct. 10-12, 1993.

[16] Konstantinovskaya, E., 2004, “Collision and extension at continental margins: Example of the Sea of Okhotsk,” American Geophysical Union 2004 Fall Meeting, San Francisco, Californica, U.S.A., Dec. 13-17, 2004.Krovushkina, O.A., 2001, “Structure and petroleum prospectivity of the Magadan sedimentary basin,” Geologiya Nefti i Gaza, Vol. 37, No. 1 (English Abstract On the Web, http://reocities.com/ResearchTriangle/campus/5317/L166a.html).

[17] Li, M., Stasiuk, L., Maxwell, R., Monnier, F., and Bazhenova, O., 2006, “Geochemical and petrological evidence for Tertiary terrestrial and Cretaceous marine potential petroleum source rocks in the western Kamchatka coastal margin, Russia,” Organic Geochemistry, Vol. 37, No. 3, pp. 304-320.

[18] Lindquist, S.J., 2000, The North Sakhalin Neogene Total Petroleum System of Eastern Russia, U.S. Geological Survey Open File 99-50-O, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA. U.S.A., p. 18.

[19] Lomtev, V.L., Patrikeev, V.N., and Gurinov, M.G., 2009, “New data on the structure of the Sea of Okhotsk Bottom,” Russian Journal of Pacific Geology, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 201-209.

[20] Mavrinski, Y. and Koblov, E., 1993, “Petroleum basins of Sakhalin and adjacent shelf,” American Association of Petroleum Geologists International Conference and Exhibition, The Hague, Netherlands, October 17-20, 1993.

[21] Maxwell, R. and Chinakayev, R., 1999, “Potential outlined for Kamchatka back-arc basin, Far East Russia,” Oil and Gas Journal, Vol. 97, No. 3, pp. 98-101.

[22] McElfresh, S.B.Z., Harbert, W., Ku, C-Y., and Lin, J-S., 2002, “Stress modeling of tectonic blocks at Cape Kamchatka, Russia using principal stress proxies from high-resolution SAR: new evidence for the Komandorskiy Block,” Tectonophysics, Vol. 354, No. 1-2, pp. 239-256.

[23] Meisling, K.E. and Wagne, J.B., 1996, “Strike-slip structural styles and petroleum system evolution, northeast Sakhalin Island,” American Association of Petroleum Geologists Annual Convention, San Diego, California, U.S.A., May 19-22, 1996.

[24] Meyerhoff, A.A., 1983, “Energy Resources of Soviet Arctic and Subarctic regions,” Cold Regions Science and Technology, Vol. 7, pp. 89-166.

[25] Nokleberg, W.J., Parfenov, L.M., Monger, J.W.H., Norton, I.O., Khanchukl, A.I., Stone, D.B., Scotese, C.R., Sholl, D.W., and Fujita, K., 2001, Phanerozoic Tectonic Evolution of the Circum-North Pacific, U.S. Geological Professional Paper 1626, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA. U.S.A., p. 122.

[26] Nokleberg, W.J. (ed.), 2010, Metallogenesis and Tectonics of Northeast Asia, U.S. Geological Professional Paper 1765, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA. U.S.A.

[27] Parfenov, L.M. and Natalin, B.A., 1986, “Mesozoic tectonic evolution of northeastern Asia,” Tectonophysics, Vol. 127, No. 3-4, pp. 291-304.

[28] Rozhdestvensky, V.S., 1986, “Evolution of the Sakhalin fold system,” Tectonophysics, Vol. 127, No. 3-4, pp. 331-339.

[29] Savostin, L., Zonenshain, L., and Baranov, B., 1983, “Geology and plate tectonics of the Sea of Okhotsk,” In W.C. Hilde and S. Uyeda (Eds.) Geodynamics of the Western Pacific-Indonesian Region, Geodynamics Series Volume 11, American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., U.S.A., pp. 189-221.

[30] Shapiro, M.N. and Soloviev, A.V., 2009, “Formation of the Olyutorsky-Kamchtka foldbelt: a kinematic model,” Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 50, No. 8, pp. 668-681.

[31] Silverman, M.R., 1990, “Petroleum geology of Sakhalin Island, USSR” (abstract), American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, Vol. 74., No. 5, p. 764.

[32] Soloviev, A., Garver, J.I., and Ledneva, G., 2006, “Cretaceous accretionary complex related to Okhotsk-Chukotka Subduction, Omgon Range, Western Kamchatka, Russian Far East,” Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 437-453.

[33] Terekhov, E.P., Tsoy, I.B., Vashchenkova, N.G., Mozherovskii, A.V., and Gorovaya, M.T., 2009, “Sedimentation settings and evolution history of the Kuril Basin (Sea of Okhotsk) in the Cenozoic,” Oceanology, Vol. 48, No. 4, pp. 569-577.

[34] Tull, S.J., 1997, “The diversity of hydrocarbon habitat in Russia,” Petroleum Geoscience, Vol. 3, pp. 315-325.

[35] Weaver, R., Roberts, A.P., Flecker, R., and Macdonald, D.I.M., 2004, “Tertiary geodynamics of Sakhalin (NW Pacific) from anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility fabrics and paleomagnetic data,” Tectonophysics, Vol. 379, No. 1-4, pp. 25-42.

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