Well to Seismic Ties in Shale Formation with Extending Spectral Bandwidth

doi:10.12972/ksmer.2016.53.5.473

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2016 Vol.53, Issue 5 Preview Page Next Page

Research Paper

Well to Seismic Ties in Shale Formation with Extending Spectral Bandwidth 스펙트럼 폭의 확장을 통한 셰일층의 물리검층-탄성파 자료의 대비: 우주환·이철우·윤석훈·김지수
Ju Hwan Woo, Chul Woo Rhee, Seok Hoon Yoon and Ji Soo Kim

31 October 2016. pp. 473-481

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Abstract

Well to seismic tie is a very critical part of seismic interpretation of stratigraphy and depositional system. Improving the vertical resolution of seismic reflection data is essential to correlation of seismic profile to well logging data. Such a work can be achieved through spectral enhancement. Spectral enhancement technique employed in this study includes decomposing the seismic signal into a number of narrow frequency bands through bandpass filtering, spectral shaping through central frequency modulation with weighting factors, and adding back into the original data. Vertical resolution of seismic data is dramatically improved as a result of extended bandwidth and changed mean frequency by spectral enhancement technique. Synthetic trace computed from logging data is well tied to the reflection events improved by this spectral enhancement technique. This method employed in this study will increase the geological interpretability of the seismic reflection data.

Keywords

Well ties

Bandwidth extension

Seismic interpretation

Seismic resolution

Thin bed

물리검층-탄성파 자료의 대비는 탄성파 자료 해석의 층서 및 퇴적시스템 해석에 큰 영향을 미친다. 따라서 물리검층 자료에 비해 탄성파 자료의 낮은 분해능을 향상시킬 필요가 있다. 탄성파 자료의 해상도를 높일 스펙트럼 향상 기법은 띠 통과 필터를 이용해 전체 주파수 범위를 여러 개의 좁은 주파수 띠로 분리하며, 나누어진 주파수 띠의 중심 주파수에 가중치를 주어 스펙트럼의 모양을 변화시킨 후 모든 주파수 띠를 다시 합치는 과정으로 구성된다. 스펙트럼 향상 기법이 적용된 탄성파 자료는 평균 주파수와 띠폭이 변화되며 수직 분해능이 향상된다. 물리검층자료와의 대비 결과 합성 탄성파 기록과 스펙트럼 향상 자료와의 상관도가 원본 자료에 비해 높게 나타났다. 이 연구에서 적용된 스펙트럼 향상기법은 결과적으로 탄성파 반사법 자료의 지질학적 해석 기능을 높일 것으로 기대된다.

키워드

물리검층-탄성파 자료 대비

띠폭 확장

탄성파 자료해석

탄성파 분해능

얇은 층

References

Backus, G.E., 1962, “Long-wave elastic anisotropy produced by horizontal layering,” Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 67, No. 11, pp. 4427-4440.
CGG, 2015, HamsonRussell software(ver. 10), UK.
Chopra, S., Castagna, J. and Portniaguine, O., 2006, “Seismic resolution and thin-bed reflectivity inversion,” CSEG recorder, Vol. 31, No.1, pp. 19-25.
Chopra, S. and Marfurt, K.J., 2008, “Gleaning meaningful information from seismic attributes,” first break, Vol. 26, No. 9, pp. 43-53.
Chopra, S., Misra, S. and Marfurt, K.J., 2010, “Seismic attributes on frequency-enhanced seismic data,” In 2010 SEG Annual Meeting, Society of Exploration Geophysicists.
Countiss, M.L., 2002, “Frequency-enhanced imaging of stratigraphically complex, thin-bed reservoirs: A case study from South Marsh Island Block 128 Field,” The Leading Edge, Vol. 21, No. 9, pp. 826-836.
Edwards, D.E., Barcaly, J.E., Gibson, D.W., Kvill, G.E. and Halton, E., 1994, “Triassic Strata of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (Chapter 16),” In: Mossop, G.D. and Shetsen, I. (eds.). Geological Atlas of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin, Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists and Alberta Research Council, Calgary, pp. 259-275.
ffA, 2015, Geoteric software(ver. 2015), UK.
Helmore, S., Merry, A.P. and Humberstone, I., 2007, “Application of frequency split structurally oriented filtering to seismic whitening and seismic inversion workflows,” In 69th EAGE Conference and Exhibition incorporating SPE EUROPEC.
Henning, A. and Paton, G., 2011, “Understanding Thin Beds Using 3D Seismic Analysis Workflows,” SEPM.
Hosken, J.W.J., 1988, “Ricker wavelets in their various guises,” First Break, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 24-33.
Jenner, E., Sanford, L., Ecke, H. and Golob, B., 2016, “Extending the useable bandwidth of seismic data with tensor-guided, frequency-dependent filtering,” First Break, Vol. 34, No. 1, pp. 69-74.
Knapp, R.W., 1990, “Vertical resolution of thick beds, thin beds, and thin-bed cyclothems,” Geophysics, Vol. 55, No. 9, pp. 1183-1190.
Marion, D., Mukerji, T. and Mavko, G., 1994, “Scale effects on velocity dispersion: From ray to effective medium theories in stratified media,” Geophysics, Vol. 59, No. 10, pp. 1613-1619.
McArdle, N. and G. Paton., 2014, “Comparison of Spectral Enhancement Techniques Applied to Post Stack Data,” 76th EAGE Conference and Exhibition.
Rio, R., Mukerji, T., Mavko, G. and Marion, D., 1996, “Velocity dispersion and upscaling in a laboratory-simulated VSP,” Geophysics, Vol. 61, pp. 584-593.
Shin, S.I. and Byun, J.M., 2012, “Detection of the gas-saturated zone by spectral decomposition using Wigner-Ville distribution for a thin layer reservoir,” Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 39-46.
Simm, R., Bacon, M. and Bacon, M., 2014, “Seismic Amplitude: An interpreter's handbook,” Cambridge University Press.
Smith, M., Perry, G., Stein, J., Bertrand, A. and Yu, G., 2008, “Extending seismic bandwidth using the continuous wavelet transform,” first break, Vol. 26, No. 6, pp. 97-102.
Whitcombe, D. and Hodgson, L., 2007, “Stabilizing the low frequencies,” The Leading Edge, Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 66-72.
White, R.E., 1980, “Partial coherence matching of synthetic seismograms with seismic traces,” Geophysical Prospecting, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp. 333-358.
White, R., 1997, “The accuracy of well ties: practical procedures and examples,” In SEG Annual Meeting, Society of Exploration Geophysicists, pp. 816-819.
White, R.E. and Simm, R., 2003, “Tutorial: Good practice in well-seismic ties,” First Break, Vol. 21, No. 10, pp. 75-83.
Widess, M.B., 1982, “Quantifying resolving power of seismic systems,” Geophysics, Vol. 47, No. 8, pp. 1160-1173.
Zhang, R. and Castagna, J., 2011, “Seismic sparse-layer reflectivity inversion using basis pursuit decomposition,” Geophysics, Vol. 76, No. 6, pp. R147-R158.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Journal Title(Ko) :한국자원공학회지
Volume : 53
No :5
Pages :473-481
DOI :https://doi.org/10.12972/ksmer.2016.53.5.473

[1] Backus, G.E., 1962, “Long-wave elastic anisotropy produced by horizontal layering,” Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 67, No. 11, pp. 4427-4440.

[2] CGG, 2015, HamsonRussell software(ver. 10), UK.

[3] Chopra, S., Castagna, J. and Portniaguine, O., 2006, “Seismic resolution and thin-bed reflectivity inversion,” CSEG recorder, Vol. 31, No.1, pp. 19-25.

[4] Chopra, S. and Marfurt, K.J., 2008, “Gleaning meaningful information from seismic attributes,” first break, Vol. 26, No. 9, pp. 43-53.

[5] Chopra, S., Misra, S. and Marfurt, K.J., 2010, “Seismic attributes on frequency-enhanced seismic data,” In 2010 SEG Annual Meeting, Society of Exploration Geophysicists.

[6] Countiss, M.L., 2002, “Frequency-enhanced imaging of stratigraphically complex, thin-bed reservoirs: A case study from South Marsh Island Block 128 Field,” The Leading Edge, Vol. 21, No. 9, pp. 826-836.

[7] Edwards, D.E., Barcaly, J.E., Gibson, D.W., Kvill, G.E. and Halton, E., 1994, “Triassic Strata of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (Chapter 16),” In: Mossop, G.D. and Shetsen, I. (eds.). Geological Atlas of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin, Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists and Alberta Research Council, Calgary, pp. 259-275.

[8] ffA, 2015, Geoteric software(ver. 2015), UK.

[9] Helmore, S., Merry, A.P. and Humberstone, I., 2007, “Application of frequency split structurally oriented filtering to seismic whitening and seismic inversion workflows,” In 69th EAGE Conference and Exhibition incorporating SPE EUROPEC.

[10] Henning, A. and Paton, G., 2011, “Understanding Thin Beds Using 3D Seismic Analysis Workflows,” SEPM.

[11] Hosken, J.W.J., 1988, “Ricker wavelets in their various guises,” First Break, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 24-33.

[12] Jenner, E., Sanford, L., Ecke, H. and Golob, B., 2016, “Extending the useable bandwidth of seismic data with tensor-guided, frequency-dependent filtering,” First Break, Vol. 34, No. 1, pp. 69-74.

[13] Knapp, R.W., 1990, “Vertical resolution of thick beds, thin beds, and thin-bed cyclothems,” Geophysics, Vol. 55, No. 9, pp. 1183-1190.

[14] Marion, D., Mukerji, T. and Mavko, G., 1994, “Scale effects on velocity dispersion: From ray to effective medium theories in stratified media,” Geophysics, Vol. 59, No. 10, pp. 1613-1619.

[15] McArdle, N. and G. Paton., 2014, “Comparison of Spectral Enhancement Techniques Applied to Post Stack Data,” 76th EAGE Conference and Exhibition.

[16] Rio, R., Mukerji, T., Mavko, G. and Marion, D., 1996, “Velocity dispersion and upscaling in a laboratory-simulated VSP,” Geophysics, Vol. 61, pp. 584-593.

[17] Shin, S.I. and Byun, J.M., 2012, “Detection of the gas-saturated zone by spectral decomposition using Wigner-Ville distribution for a thin layer reservoir,” Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 39-46.

[18] Simm, R., Bacon, M. and Bacon, M., 2014, “Seismic Amplitude: An interpreter's handbook,” Cambridge University Press.

[19] Smith, M., Perry, G., Stein, J., Bertrand, A. and Yu, G., 2008, “Extending seismic bandwidth using the continuous wavelet transform,” first break, Vol. 26, No. 6, pp. 97-102.

[20] Whitcombe, D. and Hodgson, L., 2007, “Stabilizing the low frequencies,” The Leading Edge, Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 66-72.

[21] White, R.E., 1980, “Partial coherence matching of synthetic seismograms with seismic traces,” Geophysical Prospecting, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp. 333-358.

[22] White, R., 1997, “The accuracy of well ties: practical procedures and examples,” In SEG Annual Meeting, Society of Exploration Geophysicists, pp. 816-819.

[23] White, R.E. and Simm, R., 2003, “Tutorial: Good practice in well-seismic ties,” First Break, Vol. 21, No. 10, pp. 75-83.

[24] Widess, M.B., 1982, “Quantifying resolving power of seismic systems,” Geophysics, Vol. 47, No. 8, pp. 1160-1173.

[25] Zhang, R. and Castagna, J., 2011, “Seismic sparse-layer reflectivity inversion using basis pursuit decomposition,” Geophysics, Vol. 76, No. 6, pp. R147-R158.

Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers ISSN:2288-0291(Print) 2288-2790(Online) 한국자원공학회지

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