Well Control Modeling of Oil Based Mud for Various Well Trajectories

doi:10.12972/ksmer.2013.50.4.482

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2013 Vol.50, Issue 4 Preview Page Next Page

Research Paper

Well Control Modeling of Oil Based Mud for Various Well Trajectories 다양한 시추궤도에서의 유성이수 유정제어 모델링: 이태엽 · 이경북 · 성국주 · 최종근
Taeyeob Lee, Kyungbook Lee, Kukju Sung, Jonggeun Choe

31 August 2013. pp. 482-489

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Abstract

A kick is unscheduled flow of formation fluids into the wellbore. Well control includes the whole process of kick prevention, kick detection, kick control, and kick removal. Well control may occur in a variety of drilling conditions. It is essential to understand kick behaviors for safe drilling. In this study, an oil based mud well control model is developed and it considers mud types, well trajectories, formation conditions and thermal effects of mud. When the gas kick occurs with oil based mud, it goes into solution resulting very small initial pit gain and choke pressure, which compensates hydrostatic pressure loss in the wellbore. These effects make kick detection more difficult and become remarkable as horizontal sections of well trajectories are long. However, if early kick detection is made in oil based mud, the kick removal in oil based mud can be much easier than that in water based mud, because low choke pressure is needed.

Keywords

Well control

Oil based mud

Kick

Well trajectories

Wellbore temperature profile

킥(kick)이란 의도하지 않은 상황에서 지층의 유체가 유정으로 유입되는 현상이다. 이러한 킥의 발생을 방지하며 킥이 유입된 경우 빠르게 감지하고 제어하여 안전하게 제거하는 과정을 유정제어(well control)라 한다. 유정제어는 다양한 시추상황에서 발생할 수 있어 킥의 거동을 파악하고 숙지하는 것은 안전한 시추를 위해 필수적이다. 본 연구에서 이수의 종류, 시추궤도, 지층조건, 열전달 효과를 고려한 유성이수 유정제어 모델을 개발하였다. 유성이수에서는 수성이수와 비교하여 가스킥의 용해현상 때문에 유성이수의 이수부피 증가와 이를 보상해 주기 위한 초크압력이 낮다. 따라서 킥감지가 어려우며 특히 이러한 현상은 시추궤도의 수평구간이 길수록 두드러진다. 하지만 만약 유성이수에서 킥을 빠른 시간에 감지할 수 있으면 수성이수에 비해 지표에서 가해주어야 할 초크압력이 낮으므로 킥을 제거하는 것이 더욱 용이할 수 있다.

키워드

유정제어

유성이수

킥

방향성 시추궤도

시추공 온도분포

References

Choe, J. and Juvkam-Wold, H.C., 1997, “A Modified Two-Phase Well Control Model and Its Computer Applications as a Training and Educational Tool,” SPE Computer Applications, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 14-20.
Choe, J., 2001a, “Advanced Two-Phase Well Control Analysis,” J. of Canadian Petroleum Technology, Vol. 40, No. 5, pp. 39-47.
Choe, J., 2001b, “A Well Control Simulator with Hardware Interface,” J. of The Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering, Vol. 38, No. 1, pp. 1-8.
Choe, J., Schubert, J.J. and Juvkam-Wold, H.C., 2005, “Well Control Analyses on Extended Reach and Multilateral Trajectories,” SPE Drilling & Completion, Vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 101-108.
Choe, J., 2012, Offshore Drilling Engineering, 1st Ed., 2nd Print, CIR Press, Seoul, Korea, pp. 217-257.
Hasan, A.R. and Kabir, C.S., 1988, “Predicting Multiphase Flow Behavior in a Deviated Well,” SPE Production Engineering, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 474-482.
Holmes, C.S. and Swift, S.C., 1970, “Calculations of Circulating Mud Temperatures,” J. of Petroleum Technology, Vol. 22, No. 6, pp. 670-674.
Lee, J.W., 1982, Well Testing, 1st Ed., SPE Textbook Series, Dallas, Texas, USA, pp. 76-85.
Monteiro, E.N., Ribeiro, P.R. and Lomba, R.F.T., 2008, “Study of the PVT Properties of Gas-Synthetic Drilling Fluid Mixtures Applied to Well Control Operations,” Proc. of the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Denver, Colorado, USA, Sept. 21-24.
Nickens, H.V., 1987, “A Dynamic Computer Model of a Kicking Well,” SPE Drilling Engineering, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 159-173.
O’Bryan, P.L. and Bourgoyne, A.T., 1988, “An Experimental Study of Gas Solubility in Oil-Based Drilling Fluids,” SPE Drilling Engineering, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 33-42.
O’Bryan, P.L. and Bourgoyne, A.T., 1990, “Swelling of Oil-Based Drilling Fluids Resulting From Dissolved Gas,” SPE Drilling Engineering, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 149-155.
Peng, D.Y. and Robinson, D.B., 1976, “A New Two-Constant Equation of State,” Industry and Engineering Chemistry: Fundamentals, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 9-64.
Peterson, J., Rommetveit, R., Bjorkevoll, K.S. and Froyen, J., 2008, “A General Dynamic Model for Single and Multi-phase Flow Operations during Drilling, Completion, Well Control and Intervention,” Proc. of the IADC/SPE Asia Pacific Drilling Technology Conference and Exhibition, Jakarta, Indonesia, Aug. 25-27.
Rommetveit, R. and Blyberg, A., 1989, “Simulation of Gas Kicks during Oil Well Drilling,” Modeling, Identification and Control, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 213-225.
Silva, C.T., Mariolani, J.R.L., Bonet, E.J., Lomba, R.F.T, Santos, O.L.A. and Ribeiro, P.R., 2004, “Gas Solubility in Synthetic Fluids: A Well Control Issue,” Proc. of the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Houston, Texas, USA, Sept. 26-29.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Journal Title(Ko) :한국자원공학회지
Volume : 50
No :4
Pages :482-489
DOI :https://doi.org/10.12972/ksmer.2013.50.4.482

[1] Choe, J. and Juvkam-Wold, H.C., 1997, “A Modified Two-Phase Well Control Model and Its Computer Applications as a Training and Educational Tool,” SPE Computer Applications, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 14-20.

[2] Choe, J., 2001a, “Advanced Two-Phase Well Control Analysis,” J. of Canadian Petroleum Technology, Vol. 40, No. 5, pp. 39-47.

[3] Choe, J., 2001b, “A Well Control Simulator with Hardware Interface,” J. of The Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering, Vol. 38, No. 1, pp. 1-8.

[4] Choe, J., Schubert, J.J. and Juvkam-Wold, H.C., 2005, “Well Control Analyses on Extended Reach and Multilateral Trajectories,” SPE Drilling & Completion, Vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 101-108.

[5] Choe, J., 2012, Offshore Drilling Engineering, 1st Ed., 2nd Print, CIR Press, Seoul, Korea, pp. 217-257.

[6] Hasan, A.R. and Kabir, C.S., 1988, “Predicting Multiphase Flow Behavior in a Deviated Well,” SPE Production Engineering, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 474-482.

[7] Holmes, C.S. and Swift, S.C., 1970, “Calculations of Circulating Mud Temperatures,” J. of Petroleum Technology, Vol. 22, No. 6, pp. 670-674.

[8] Lee, J.W., 1982, Well Testing, 1st Ed., SPE Textbook Series, Dallas, Texas, USA, pp. 76-85.

[9] Monteiro, E.N., Ribeiro, P.R. and Lomba, R.F.T., 2008, “Study of the PVT Properties of Gas-Synthetic Drilling Fluid Mixtures Applied to Well Control Operations,” Proc. of the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Denver, Colorado, USA, Sept. 21-24.

[10] Nickens, H.V., 1987, “A Dynamic Computer Model of a Kicking Well,” SPE Drilling Engineering, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 159-173.

[11] O’Bryan, P.L. and Bourgoyne, A.T., 1988, “An Experimental Study of Gas Solubility in Oil-Based Drilling Fluids,” SPE Drilling Engineering, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 33-42.

[12] O’Bryan, P.L. and Bourgoyne, A.T., 1990, “Swelling of Oil-Based Drilling Fluids Resulting From Dissolved Gas,” SPE Drilling Engineering, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 149-155.

[13] Peng, D.Y. and Robinson, D.B., 1976, “A New Two-Constant Equation of State,” Industry and Engineering Chemistry: Fundamentals, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 9-64.

[14] Peterson, J., Rommetveit, R., Bjorkevoll, K.S. and Froyen, J., 2008, “A General Dynamic Model for Single and Multi-phase Flow Operations during Drilling, Completion, Well Control and Intervention,” Proc. of the IADC/SPE Asia Pacific Drilling Technology Conference and Exhibition, Jakarta, Indonesia, Aug. 25-27.

[15] Rommetveit, R. and Blyberg, A., 1989, “Simulation of Gas Kicks during Oil Well Drilling,” Modeling, Identification and Control, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 213-225.

[16] Silva, C.T., Mariolani, J.R.L., Bonet, E.J., Lomba, R.F.T, Santos, O.L.A. and Ribeiro, P.R., 2004, “Gas Solubility in Synthetic Fluids: A Well Control Issue,” Proc. of the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Houston, Texas, USA, Sept. 26-29.

Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers ISSN:2288-0291(Print) 2288-2790(Online) 한국자원공학회지

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