Investigation on the Development Status and Strategies about Oil and Gas of Neighboring Countries in the Arctic

doi:10.12972/ksmer.2013.50.2.297

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Investigation on the Development Status and Strategies about Oil and Gas of Neighboring Countries in the Arctic 북극권 국가의 석유･가스자원 개발현황 및 개발전략에 관한 고찰: 한반석 · 장호창 · 김대형 · 신창훈 · 이정환
Banseok Han, Hochang Jang, Daehyung Kim, Changhoon Shin and Jeonghwan Lee

30 April 2013. pp. 297-305

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Abstract

Russia, USA, Denmark, Norway, and Canada are Arctic neighboring countries which are engaged in the development of Arctic oil and gas. Especially, Russia has the largest Arctic Exploration and Production (E&P) market, and its Arctic shelf holds large oil and gas potential. The other countries also make efforts to develop oil and gas in the Arctic circle, improving a policy and system, bidding an oil and gas field, and accelerating E&P activities. As of 2011, South Korea depends on oil imports by 100% as the 5th oil importing country and 10th oil consumer in the world. There is until considerable uncertainty about future energy supplies. One of the methods to overcome this situation is to participate in polar E&P. In this paper, an analysis of E&P strategies of each country is presented, and the current status of oil and gas development in the Arctic Circle is investigated. It will be utilized in establishing development strategies in the Arctic region.

Keywords

Arctic Circle

Oil and Gas

Exploration and Production

Strategy

북극권 주요 석유‧가스자원 개발국으로는 러시아, 미국, 덴마크, 노르웨이, 캐나다 등이 있으며, 모두 북극권 내에 자국의 육상 및 해상 영토를 가지고 있다. 특히 러시아의 북극 석유‧가스자원은 상당한 잠재력을 지니고 있으며, 현재 북극 주변국 중에서 가장 활발한 자원개발 활동을 진행하고 있다. 이 밖에 러시아를 제외한 기타국가에서도 정책 및 제도적 개선, 광구 입찰 등 각종 활동을 통해 북극권 자원개발에 힘쓰고 있다. 우리나라는 2011년 기준 세계 5위의 석유수입국이며 10위의 소비국으로 석유 수입 의존도가 100%에 이른다. 따라서 국가적 미래 에너지 공급에 대한 불확실성을 가지고 있으며, 이를 극복하기 위해 북극 석유‧가스자원과 같은 극지 석유 개발사업 참여를 통한 에너지자원의 확보가 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 북극 석유·가스자원 확보를 위한 전략방안에 활용하기 위하여 북극권 환경의 특성 및 북극권에 부존하고 있는 석유·가스자원의 개발현황을 조사하고 러시아, 미국을 비롯한 주변 연안국들의 자원개발전략을 분석함으로써 북극권 개발전략에 관해 고찰하였다.

키워드

북극권

석유‧가스자원

자원개발

전략

References

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Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Journal Title(Ko) :한국자원공학회지
Volume : 50
No :2
Pages :297-305
DOI :https://doi.org/10.12972/ksmer.2013.50.2.297

[1] Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada (AANDC), 2011, Northern Oil and Gas Annual Report 2011, Public Works and Government Services Canada, pp. 7-24.

[2] Benny, P., Nathan, B., Andrew B., Jason B., Joseph, L., Finn C.A. and Wortington, E.W., 2011, “Geomagnetic Referencing in the Arctic Environment,” SPE Arctic and Extreme Environments Conference and Exhibition, Society of Petroleum Engineers, Moscow, Russia, October 18-20, pp. 2-6.

[3] Bird, K.J., Charpentier, R.R., Gautier, D.L., Houseknecht, D.W., Klett, T.R., Pitman, J.K., Moore, T.E., Schenk, C.J., Tennyson, M.E. and Wandrey, C.J., 2008, Circum-Arctic Resource Appraisal: Estimates of Undiscovered Oil and Gas North of the Arctic Circle, U.S. Geological Survey, pp. 1-4.

[4] Cairn Energy, 2013.1.14, http://www.cairnenergy.com/index.asp?pageid=228.

[5] Clark P. and Weldon, C.P., 2011, “Cathodic Protection Design Considerations for Offshore Structures in the Arctic Environment,” OTC Arctic Technology Conference, Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, Texas, USA, February 7-9, pp. 2-5.

[6] e-National Indicators, 2013.1.30, http://www.index.go.kr/egams/stts/jsp/potal/stts/PO_STTS_IdxMain.jsp?idx_cd=1164.

[7] Farrow, K., 2011, What does the National Ocean Policy Mean for the Arctic region?, US Arctic Research Commission.

[8] François, Côté. and Robert, Dufresne., 2008, The Arctic: Canada’s Legal Claims, Parliament of Canada, pp. 1-6

[9] Frédéric Beauregard-Tellier, 2008, The Arctic: Hydrocarbon Resources, Parliament of Canada, pp. 1-3.

[10] Government of Canada, 2009, Canada’s Northern Strategy our North, Our Heritage, Our Future, Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development and Federal Interlocutor for Métis and Non-Status Indians, pp. 9-35.

[11] Keinonen, A.J., 2008, “Ice Management for Floating Ice Offshore Operations,” Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, Texas, USA, May 5-8, pp. 4-7.

[12] Kingdom of Denmark, 2011, Kingdom of Denmark Strategy for the Arctic 2011-2020, pp. 10-57.

[13] Ko, J.H., 2011, “Petroleum Geology of the Arctic Barents Sea,” J. of Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering, Vol. 48, No. 4, pp. 499-523.

[14] Ko, J.H. and Lhee, E.Y., 2007, “Petroleum Geology of the Timan-Pechora Basin in Russia,” J. of Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering, Vol. 44, No. 4, pp. 342-356.

[15] Korea Energy Economics Institute, 2010, Progress and Effects of the Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill, Energy Highlight, pp. 4-5.

[16] Korea Energy Statistics Information System (KESIS), 2012.12.28, http://www.kesis .net/flexapp/KesisFlexApp.jsp?menuId=M0101&reportId=&chk=Y.

[17] Kuo, C.S., 2010, Denmark, The Faroe Lslands, and Greenland, U.S. Geological Survey Minerals Yearbook, pp. 1-6.

[18] Lee, S.W., Song, J.M. and Oh, Y.S., 2011, Shipping & Port Condition Changes and Throughput Prospects With Opening of the Northern Sea Route, Korea Maritime Institute, pp. 27-32.

[19] Martin, D., Gregers, D., Niels-Erik, H. and Martin, S., 2011, “Greenland - The New Arctic Hot Spot?,” AAPG-ER Newsletter on the Web, pp. 4-6.

[20] Martin, J., Christian, M. and LOMROG, Scientific Party., 2007, Lomonosov Ridge off Greenland 2007 (LOMROG), Lomonosov Ridge off Greenland, pp. 20-28.

[21] Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA), 2006, “Barents 2020 - A tool for a forward-looking High North policy,” Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, pp. 23-42.

[22] Ministry of Knowledge Economy (MKE), 2011.1.20, http://www.mke.go.kr/mke /news/coverage/bodoView.jsp?pCtx=1&seq=66004.

[23] National Ocean Council, 2011, “Changing Conditions in the Arctic”, Strategic Action Plan Full Content Outline, National Ocean Council, pp. 1-10.

[24] Norwegian Petroleum Directorate, 2012.12.28, http://www.npd.no/Global/Norsk/4-Kart/Sokkelkart2012/Sokkelkartet-2012-arealstatus.gif.

[25] Read, T., Thomas, J., Meyer, H., Wedge, M. and Wren, M., 1993, “Environmental Management in the Arctic,” Oilfield review, Vol. 5, Issue 4, pp. 14-22.

[26] Rabinowitz, P.D., Francis, T.J.G., Baldauf, J.G., Coyne, J.C., McPherson, R.G., Merrill, R.B. and Olivas, R.E., 1995, “Ocean Drilling Program Results From Tenth Year of Drilling Operations,” Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, Texas, USA, May 1-4, pp. 4-14.

[27] Recinos, K.E., 2012, A Summary of Environmental Strategies of the Arctic Nations, IASC Secretariat, pp. 1-3.

[28] Requejo, A.G., Sassen, R., Kennicutt II, M.C., Kvedchuk, I., McDonald, T., Denoux, G., Comet, P. and Brooks, J.M., 1994, “Geochemistry of Oils From the Northern Timan-PechoraBasin, Russia,” Organic Geochemistry, Vol. 23, Issue 3, pp. 1-3.

[29] Research Department of Statistics Norway (RDSN), 2009, The Economy of the North 2008, Statistics Norway, p. 58.

[30] Ryu, J.C., Lee, S.G., Lee, Y.K., Sokolov, D. and Choi, Y.M., 2009, Investigation of Influence on the Changes of Russia’s Energy Policy and Energy Cooperation between Korea and Russia due to Changes in the World Energy Markets, Korea Energy Economics Institute, pp. 42-44.

[31] Schenk, C.J., Bird, K.J., Brown, P.J., Charpentier, R.R., Gautier, D.L., Houseknecht, D.W., Klett, T.R., Pawlewicz, M.J., Shah, A.K. and Tennyson, M.E., 2008, Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources of the West Greenland-East Canada Province, U.S. Geological Survey, pp. 1-2.

[32] Stoupakova, A.V., Kirykhina, T.A., Suslova, A.A., Kirykhina, N.M., Sautkin, R.S. and Bordunov, S.I., 2012, “Structure and Hydrocarbon Prospects of the Russian Western Arctic Shelf,” OTC Artic Technology Conference, Houston, Texas, USA, December 3-5, pp. 3-4.

[33] Söderbergh, B., Jakobsson, K. and Aleklett, K., 2010, “European Energy Security: An Analysis of Future Russian Natural Gas Production and Exports,” Energy Policy, Vol. 38, Issue 12, pp. 2-8.

[34] The Danish Government, 2011, Energy Strategy 2050, The Danish Ministry of Climate and Energy (Klima- og Energiministeriet), pp, 16-28.

[35] United Nations, 2012.8.21, http://www.un.org/Depts/los/clcs_new/marinezones.jpg.

[36] U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), 2013.1.17, http://www.eia.gov/countries/cab.cfm?fips=KS.

[37] U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), 2001, Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, 1002 Area, Petroleum Assessment, 1998, Including Economic Analysis, USGS Fact Sheet 0028-01, Washington, DC, USA, p. 3.

[38] Yang, H.C., Han, H.C. and Park, S.H., 2009, “The Arctic 82 of UNCLOS on the Exploration of the Continental Shelf beyound 200 nautical miles and its legal issues,” KIGAM Bulletin, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 32-47.

Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers ISSN:2288-0291(Print) 2288-2790(Online) 한국자원공학회지

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