An Evaluation of the Influence of the Rock Property Change under
Saturated-Loading Conditions on Rock Stability

doi:10.12972/ksmer.2015.52.3.309

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2015 Vol.52, Issue 3 Preview Page Next Page

Research Paper

An Evaluation of the Influence of the Rock Property Change under Saturated-Loading Conditions on Rock Stability 침수-하중조건에서의 암석물성 변화가 암반의 구조적 안정성에미치는 영향 평가: 박승훈 · 허 진 · 이준희 · 박정찬 · 권상기
S.H Park, J. Heo, J.H Lee, J.C Park and S. Kwon

30 June 2015. pp. 309-321

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Abstract

This research was carried out to evaluate the influence of rock property change under saturated-loadingcondition on the stability of an underground opening. Rock samples were divided into saturated-loading andunsaturated-loading conditions in order to observe the variation of mechanical properties of the rock after loadingusing a creep test machine. Measured thermal conductivity and porosity from various laboratory tests showedthe variation of rock properties. Tensile strength was found to be more significantly decreased in saturatedcondition. It was also found that uniaxial compressive strength in saturated condition decreased more significantlycompared to that in unsaturated condition. A numerical modeling using FLAC3D was carried out to evaluatethe stability of a pillar with a consideration of the rock property change expected in saturated-loading condition.It was recommended to use the changed properties instead of the initial rock properties to analyze the stabilityof the unused underground mines or openings.

Keywords

Saturated-Loading conditions

Rock property change

Pillar stability

Thermal conductivity

FLAC3D

본 연구에서는 폐광산 주변 암반의 안정성 평가를 위한 침수 환경과 가압조건에 따른 암석물성 변화가지하공간의 안정성에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위해 수행하였다. 암석물성 변화를 관찰하기 위하여 시료의 절반을 포화시킨 상태(침수조건)와 나머지 절반을 포화시키지 않은 상태(비침수조건)로 구분하였다. 본 실험은 크립시험기를 이용하여 하중을 주어 침수 및 가압환경을 조성하여 실시하였다. 암석 실험 결과에서는 침수조건에서열전도도와 공극률의 물성 변화가 나타났다. 간접인장강도는 하중 증가에 따른 암석강도 저하가 확인되었고,일축압축강도에서도 침수조건에서 암석강도가 낮게 나타났다. 또한, FLAC3D를 이용한 수치모델링에서는 광주의 안전율이 침수조건에서 저하되는 것을 확인하였다. 폐광산 및 지하공간의 용도변경과 재활용 시에는 광산이운영되었던 초기 암석물성을 사용하지 않고 침수환경에 따른 암석물성 변화를 고려한 암반의 안정성 평가가 필요하다.

키워드

침수-하중조건

암석물성 변화

광주 안정성

열전도도

FLAC3D

References

Cho, W.J. and Kwon, S., 2010, “Estimation of the Thermal Properties for Partially Saturated Granite,” Engineering Geology, Vol. 115, No. 1, pp. 132-138.
Choi, S.O., Park, C., Synn, J.H. and Shin, H.S., 2008, “A Decade’s Experiences on the Hydrofracturing In-situ stress Measurement for Tunnel Construction in Korea, Proceedings of the Korean Society for Rock Mechanics 2008 Spring Conference, pp. 79-88.
Gwangmyeong Cave, 2015.04.28, cavern.gm.go.kr.
Hedley, D.G.F. and Grant, F., 1972, “Stope and Pillar Design for the Elliot Lake Uranium Mines,” CIM Transacations, Vol. 74, pp. 121-128.
Heo, J., Lee, J.C., Seo, J.B., Park, S.H., Park, J.C. and Kwon, S.K., 2014, “Variation of Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Crystalline Granite under Saturated-Loading Condition,” Tunnel ＆Underground Space, Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 224-233.
Itasca, 2012, FLAC3D Version 5.0, Minneaplolis, Minnesota, Itasca Consulting Group.
Jung, Y.B., Sunwoo, C., Park, C., Lee. B.J., Cheon, D.S., Lee, D.G. and Jo. Y.D, 2011, “Stability Analysis on Old Hard Rock Mine and Suggestion of the Unsupported spans of Haulage, Stope and Pillar for Redevelopment,” J. of Mineral Energy Resources, Vol. 48, No. 3, pp. 268-281.
Lim, H.U., Baek, H.J. and Kim, C.H., 2000, “Feasibility Study on the Utilization of Abandoned Underground Excavation Caverns,” Tunnel ＆ Underground Space, Vol. 10, pp. 249-256.
Lim, H.U., Baek, H.J., Min, K.W. and Kang, C.W., 1995, “A study of the Utilization of Abandoned Underground Gallery in Korea,” KORES Research Report, KORES 96-18, p. 323.
Lunder, P.J. and Pakalnis, R.C., 1997, “Determination of the Strength of Hard-Rock Mine Pillars,” Canadian Mining ＆ Metallurgical Bulletin, Vol. 90, pp. 51-55.
Luo, P. and Chen, N., 2011, “Abandoned coal mine tunnels : Future heating/power supply centers,” Mining Science and Technology, Vol. 21, pp. 637-640.
Nagaraju, P. and Roy, S., 2014, “Effect of Water Saturation on Rock Thermal Conductivity Measurements,” Tectonophysics, Vol. 626, pp. 137-143.
Park, C.M., 2003, “Resources and Management Situation for Ecotourism around Abandoned Copper Mine Area of the Ahiso Japan,” The Korea Institute of Forest Recreation Welfare, Vol. 7, No. 4, pp. 61-73.
Park, L.H. and Lee, J.S., 2011, “Dogye Heritage Museum by Revitalization of Abandoned Mine as Industrial / Technological Cultural Properties,” Journal of the Regional Association of Architectural Institute of Korea, No. 1. pp. 557-564.
Korea Mineral Resource Gis, 2014.10.28, www.kmrgis.net.
Korean Society of Rock Mechanics, 2006, “Standard test method for porosity and density of rock,” Tunnel ＆ Underground Space, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 95-98.
Sunwoo, C., Chung, S.K., Lee, Y.S., Kang, S.S. and Kang. J.S., 2012, “Stability Assessment of Abandoned Gangway for Commercial Utilization of Services,” Tunnel ＆ Underground Space, Vol. 22, No. 5, pp. 297-309.
Suh, H.S., Park, J.H. and Bang, Y.B., 2005, “Feasibility Study on Heat Pump Using Underground Water of Waste Coal Mine,” The Society of Air-conditioning and Refrigerating Engineers of Korea, Phoenixpark, PyeongChang, Kangwon, Korea, June 29, pp. 208-213.
Witherspon, P.A., 2000, “The Stripa Project,” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, Vol. 37, p. 385.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Journal Title(Ko) :한국자원공학회지
Volume : 52
No :3
Pages :309-321
DOI :https://doi.org/10.12972/ksmer.2015.52.3.309

[1] Cho, W.J. and Kwon, S., 2010, “Estimation of the Thermal Properties for Partially Saturated Granite,” Engineering Geology, Vol. 115, No. 1, pp. 132-138.

[2] Choi, S.O., Park, C., Synn, J.H. and Shin, H.S., 2008, “A Decade’s Experiences on the Hydrofracturing In-situ stress Measurement for Tunnel Construction in Korea, Proceedings of the Korean Society for Rock Mechanics 2008 Spring Conference, pp. 79-88.

[3] Gwangmyeong Cave, 2015.04.28, cavern.gm.go.kr.

[4] Hedley, D.G.F. and Grant, F., 1972, “Stope and Pillar Design for the Elliot Lake Uranium Mines,” CIM Transacations, Vol. 74, pp. 121-128.

[5] Heo, J., Lee, J.C., Seo, J.B., Park, S.H., Park, J.C. and Kwon, S.K., 2014, “Variation of Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Crystalline Granite under Saturated-Loading Condition,” Tunnel ＆Underground Space, Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 224-233.

[6] Itasca, 2012, FLAC3D Version 5.0, Minneaplolis, Minnesota, Itasca Consulting Group.

[7] Jung, Y.B., Sunwoo, C., Park, C., Lee. B.J., Cheon, D.S., Lee, D.G. and Jo. Y.D, 2011, “Stability Analysis on Old Hard Rock Mine and Suggestion of the Unsupported spans of Haulage, Stope and Pillar for Redevelopment,” J. of Mineral Energy Resources, Vol. 48, No. 3, pp. 268-281.

[8] Lim, H.U., Baek, H.J. and Kim, C.H., 2000, “Feasibility Study on the Utilization of Abandoned Underground Excavation Caverns,” Tunnel ＆ Underground Space, Vol. 10, pp. 249-256.

[9] Lim, H.U., Baek, H.J., Min, K.W. and Kang, C.W., 1995, “A study of the Utilization of Abandoned Underground Gallery in Korea,” KORES Research Report, KORES 96-18, p. 323.

[10] Lunder, P.J. and Pakalnis, R.C., 1997, “Determination of the Strength of Hard-Rock Mine Pillars,” Canadian Mining ＆ Metallurgical Bulletin, Vol. 90, pp. 51-55.

[11] Luo, P. and Chen, N., 2011, “Abandoned coal mine tunnels : Future heating/power supply centers,” Mining Science and Technology, Vol. 21, pp. 637-640.

[12] Nagaraju, P. and Roy, S., 2014, “Effect of Water Saturation on Rock Thermal Conductivity Measurements,” Tectonophysics, Vol. 626, pp. 137-143.

[13] Park, C.M., 2003, “Resources and Management Situation for Ecotourism around Abandoned Copper Mine Area of the Ahiso Japan,” The Korea Institute of Forest Recreation Welfare, Vol. 7, No. 4, pp. 61-73.

[14] Park, L.H. and Lee, J.S., 2011, “Dogye Heritage Museum by Revitalization of Abandoned Mine as Industrial / Technological Cultural Properties,” Journal of the Regional Association of Architectural Institute of Korea, No. 1. pp. 557-564.

[15] Korea Mineral Resource Gis, 2014.10.28, www.kmrgis.net.

[16] Korean Society of Rock Mechanics, 2006, “Standard test method for porosity and density of rock,” Tunnel ＆ Underground Space, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 95-98.

[17] Sunwoo, C., Chung, S.K., Lee, Y.S., Kang, S.S. and Kang. J.S., 2012, “Stability Assessment of Abandoned Gangway for Commercial Utilization of Services,” Tunnel ＆ Underground Space, Vol. 22, No. 5, pp. 297-309.

[18] Suh, H.S., Park, J.H. and Bang, Y.B., 2005, “Feasibility Study on Heat Pump Using Underground Water of Waste Coal Mine,” The Society of Air-conditioning and Refrigerating Engineers of Korea, Phoenixpark, PyeongChang, Kangwon, Korea, June 29, pp. 208-213.

[19] Witherspon, P.A., 2000, “The Stripa Project,” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, Vol. 37, p. 385.

Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers ISSN:2288-0291(Print) 2288-2790(Online) 한국자원공학회지

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