Analysis of Rock Slope using the Statistical Joint Modeling

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2006 Vol.43, Issue 5 Preview Page Next Page

Analysis of Rock Slope using the Statistical Joint Modeling 불연속면의 통계적 모델링을 이용한 암반사면의 안정성 평가: 조성우, 송재준
Seong Woo Cho and Jae-Joon Song

31 October 2006. pp. 439-447

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Abstract

This paper presents a numerical approach to evaluate the possibility of removable blocks on a rock slope by using statistical joint modeling and block theory. Block theory has been used to distinguish removable blocks from tapered or infinite blocks and analyze their stability. This theory, however, uses the information of joint orientation and therefore, can only predict the maximum area of removable block occurrence. In this study, rock joints were statistically modeled: Probability distribution functions of the joint orientation and size, and volumetric frequency were estimated from window sampling data. Rock blocks consisting of a slope face and the modeled joints were simulated and their removability was tested. The entire analysis process was coded into a computer program, and each algorithm of the entire process was verified by comparing its result with theoretic solutions. In many cases, slope collapse is triggered by an excessive hydraulic pressure due to an intensive and/or continuous rainfall in the monsoon season. This kind of collapse shows that water saturation of discontinuities in the slope lowers the rock block safety of the slope. We also, therefore, tested the groundwater effect on slope stability.

Keywords

Block theory

Rock slope

Dlope stability

Dtatistical joint modeling

Vector analysis

암반사면의 거동가능블록은 사면과 암반내부에 존재하는 절리들의 교차로 인하여 생성되며 이로 인해 발생한 낙석은 인명과 재산에 큰 피해를 일으킬 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 통계적 절리 모델링 기법과 블록 이론을 이용하여 이러한 거동가능한 암반블록의 발생가능성을 알아보는 연구를 수행하였다. 블록이론은 이러한 거동가능 블록을 알아보는데 매우 간편한 해를 제공하나 지나치게 변수를 단순화하기 때문에 최대 발생가능한 블록의 크기만을 산정하는데 그 한계를 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 조사된 샘플을 이용하여 절리의 방향성, 크기, 밀도의 추정치를 구하고 사면과 절리(불연속면)를 통계적으로 모델링하였으며, 블록이론을 응용하여 암석블록의 안정성을 해석하는 컴퓨터 프로그램으로 개발하였다. 많은 경우에 암반사면의 붕괴는 장마나 집중호우 시에 발생함을 볼 때 수압이 사면의 붕괴에 큰 영향을 끼침을 알수 있는데, 이러한 경우를 고려하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 지하수의 영향 또한 연구하였다.

키워드

블록이론

암반사면

안정성 해석

통계적 절리 모델링

벡터해석법

References

송재준, 2005, “최소자승법을 이용한 원판형 절리의 직경 분포와 체적빈도 추정에 관한 연구”, 터널과 지하공간, 한국암반공학회지, 제15권 2호, pp.137-144
윤은상, 2003, 단열구조분포 특성화와 사면 안정성 해석 연구, 이학박사 학위논문, 서울대학교 대학원, 서울.
조성우, 2005, 통계적 절리모델링을 통한 암반사면 블록의 거동성해석, 공학석사학위논문, 서울대학교대학원, 서울.
Bieniawski, Z.T., 1973, “Rock mass classification in rock engineering”, Proc. of Symp. on Exploration for rock engineering, pp. 97-106.
Bieniawski, Z.T., 1979, “The geomechanics classification in rock engineering application”, Proc. of 4th ISRM Congress, Montreux, pp. 51-58.
Cruden, D.M. and Varnes, D.J., 1996, “Landslide types and processes”, Special Report 247: Landslides – investigation and mitigation, Washington, D.C., TRB, National Research Council, Chapter 3.
Hoek, E. and Bray, J., 1981, Rock Slope Engineering (3rd eds.), Inst. Of Mining and Metallurgy, London.
Feng, P., and Lajtai, E.Z., 1998, “Probabilistic treatment of the sliding wedge with EZSlide”, Engineering Geology, Vol. 50, pp.153-163.
Fisher, R. A., 1953, “Dispersions on a sphere”, Proc. Of Royal Society London A217, pp.295-305
Goodman, R. E. and Shi, G. H., 1985, Block theory and its application to rock engineering, Prentice-Hall Inc.
Jing, L. and Stephansson, O., 1994, “Topological identification of block assemblages for jointed rock masses”, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. & Geomech. Abstr. Vol. 31, No. 2, pp. 163-172.
Mauldon, M., 1998, “Estimation mean fracture trace length and density from observations in convex windows”, Rock Mechanics and Rock engineering, vol.31(4), pp.201-216
Romana, M., 1985, “New adjustment ratings for application of Bieniawski classification to slopes”, Proc. Int. Symp. on the role of rock mechanics, pp.49-53.
Romana, M., 1993, “A geomechanical classification for slopes: Slope Mass Rating”, Comprehensive Rock Engineering, Vol. 3, Pergamon Press, Oxford, pp. 575-599.
Priest, S. D. and Hudson, J. A., 1981, “Estimation of discontinuity spacing and trace length using scanline surveys”, Int. J. Rock Mech. Sci. & Geomech. Abstr. Vol.18, pp.183-197.
Song, J.J. and Lee, C.I., 2001, “Estimation of joint length distribution using window sampling”, Int. J. Rock Mech. & Min. Sci., Vol. 38, pp. 519-528.
Varnes, D.J., 1978, “Slope movement types and processes”, Special Report 176: Analysis and Control: Landslide, TRB, National Research Council, Washington D.C., pp. 11-33.
Warburton, P. M., 1981, “Vector stability analysis of an arbitrary polyhedral rock block with any number of free faces”, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. & Geomech. Abstr. Vol. 18, pp. 415-427.
Wyllie, Duncan C. and Mah Christopher W., 2004, Rock Slope Engineering civil and mining, 4th edition, Spon Press Inc.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering
Journal Title(Ko) :한국지구시스템공학회지
Volume : 43
No :5
Pages :439-447

[1] 송재준, 2005, “최소자승법을 이용한 원판형 절리의 직경 분포와 체적빈도 추정에 관한 연구”, 터널과 지하공간, 한국암반공학회지, 제15권 2호, pp.137-144

[2] 윤은상, 2003, 단열구조분포 특성화와 사면 안정성 해석 연구, 이학박사 학위논문, 서울대학교 대학원, 서울.

[3] 조성우, 2005, 통계적 절리모델링을 통한 암반사면 블록의 거동성해석, 공학석사학위논문, 서울대학교대학원, 서울.

[4] Bieniawski, Z.T., 1973, “Rock mass classification in rock engineering”, Proc. of Symp. on Exploration for rock engineering, pp. 97-106.

[5] Bieniawski, Z.T., 1979, “The geomechanics classification in rock engineering application”, Proc. of 4th ISRM Congress, Montreux, pp. 51-58.

[6] Cruden, D.M. and Varnes, D.J., 1996, “Landslide types and processes”, Special Report 247: Landslides – investigation and mitigation, Washington, D.C., TRB, National Research Council, Chapter 3.

[7] Hoek, E. and Bray, J., 1981, Rock Slope Engineering (3rd eds.), Inst. Of Mining and Metallurgy, London.

[8] Feng, P., and Lajtai, E.Z., 1998, “Probabilistic treatment of the sliding wedge with EZSlide”, Engineering Geology, Vol. 50, pp.153-163.

[9] Fisher, R. A., 1953, “Dispersions on a sphere”, Proc. Of Royal Society London A217, pp.295-305

[10] Goodman, R. E. and Shi, G. H., 1985, Block theory and its application to rock engineering, Prentice-Hall Inc.

[11] Jing, L. and Stephansson, O., 1994, “Topological identification of block assemblages for jointed rock masses”, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. & Geomech. Abstr. Vol. 31, No. 2, pp. 163-172.

[12] Mauldon, M., 1998, “Estimation mean fracture trace length and density from observations in convex windows”, Rock Mechanics and Rock engineering, vol.31(4), pp.201-216

[13] Romana, M., 1985, “New adjustment ratings for application of Bieniawski classification to slopes”, Proc. Int. Symp. on the role of rock mechanics, pp.49-53.

[14] Romana, M., 1993, “A geomechanical classification for slopes: Slope Mass Rating”, Comprehensive Rock Engineering, Vol. 3, Pergamon Press, Oxford, pp. 575-599.

[15] Priest, S. D. and Hudson, J. A., 1981, “Estimation of discontinuity spacing and trace length using scanline surveys”, Int. J. Rock Mech. Sci. & Geomech. Abstr. Vol.18, pp.183-197.

[16] Song, J.J. and Lee, C.I., 2001, “Estimation of joint length distribution using window sampling”, Int. J. Rock Mech. & Min. Sci., Vol. 38, pp. 519-528.

[17] Varnes, D.J., 1978, “Slope movement types and processes”, Special Report 176: Analysis and Control: Landslide, TRB, National Research Council, Washington D.C., pp. 11-33.

[18] Warburton, P. M., 1981, “Vector stability analysis of an arbitrary polyhedral rock block with any number of free faces”, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. & Geomech. Abstr. Vol. 18, pp. 415-427.

[19] Wyllie, Duncan C. and Mah Christopher W., 2004, Rock Slope Engineering civil and mining, 4th edition, Spon Press Inc.

Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers ISSN:2288-0291(Print) 2288-2790(Online) 한국자원공학회지

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