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Review

Seismic Characterization of Shale-Gas Reservoirs: A Review

셰일가스 저류암 탄성파 특성화: 해설

이광훈·신창훈·김영완·권영인

Gwang-Hoon Lee, Chang-Hoon Shin, Yong-Wan Kim and Young-In Kwon

28 February 2013. pp. 156-169
PDF Citation
Abstract
The goals of seismic characterization of shale-gas reservoirs are to delineate natural fractures and predict the rock properties and fracability of the shales. Faults and fracture zones can be identified from coherence-group and curvature attributes. P and S impedances and density from pre-stack inversion can be combined to compute Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, and other elastic parameters for the prediction of the brittleness and fracability of shale-gas reservoirs. The elastic parameters from pre-stack inversion should be calibrated to represent the values at in-situ conditions. The azimuthal anisotropy due to vertical fractures causes variations of seismic amplitude and velocity with azimuth that can be observed from wide-azimuth seismic data. The fracture density and orientation can be predicted from the azimuthal anisotropy. S-wave data can also help predict the azimuthal anisotropy. The stress state of shale-gas reservoirs estimated from wide-azimuth data can be used to identify areas for fracking.
Keywords
Shale gas
Seismic reservoir characterization
Inversion
Azimuthal anisotropy
Seismic attributes
셰일가스 저류암의 탄성파 저류암 특성화(seismic reservoir characterization)란 탄성파 자료를 이용하여 균열(fracture)의 분포 및 방향과 파쇄성(fracability)을 결정하는 취성(brittleness) 및 응력 등을 유추하는 것이다. 탄성파 속성 중에서 일관성(coherence) 계열 속성과 곡률(curvature) 속성이 균열대를 가장 잘 보여준다. 역산 결과물인 P 임피던스, S 임피던스, 밀도로부터 포아송비(Poisson’s ratio)와 영률(Young’s modulus) 등을 계산하여 취성을 유추할 수 있다. 광방위(wide-azimuth) 탄성파 탐사자료에서 확인되는 균열 암석의 방위 이방성(azimuthal anisotropy)으로부터 자연균열의 분포 및 방향을 예측할 수 있다. 광방위 탄성파 자료는 암석의 응력 예측에도 이용된다. 또한 S파가 수직 균열이 발달한 암석을 지날 때 분할(splitting)된다는 성질로부터 암석의 방위 이방성을 유추하고 따라서 균열의 분포 및 방향을 예측할 수 있다.
키워드
셰일가스
탄성파 저류암 특성화
역산
방위 이방성
탄성파 속성
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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국자원공학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국자원공학회지
  • Volume : 50
  • No :1
  • Pages :156-169
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.12972/ksmer.2013.50.1.156
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